There are eight major terrestrial biomes: tropical forest, temperate forest, taiga, tundra, desert, grassland, savanna, and shrubland. Aquatic biomes include freshwater biomes like lakes, rivers, and wetlands, as well as marine biomes like estuaries, mangrove forests, coral reefs, and different ocean zones. Biomes are characterized by their climate, plants, and animals that are adapted to that environment.

2. Ecologists have identified eight major terrestrial
biomes and several minor biomes. The major biomes
are the tropical forest, temperate forest, taiga, tundra,
desert, grassland, savanna, and shrubland
TERRESTRIAL BIOMES

3. TERRESTRIAL BIOMES

4. • There are TWO TYPES of tropical forests:
tropical seasonal forest and the tropical rainforest.
• Has two seasons- wet and dry
• Rainforest have longer wet seasons and receive
much more rainfall than a seasonal rainforest.
TROPICAL FOREST

5. • Found at the south of Taiga
• Plant and animal adapted to seasonal changes.
• This type of biome has well defined seasons: winter,
spring, summer and autumn
TEMPERATE FOREST

6. • This biome is dominated by coniferous trees such as
pines, firs, and spruces.
• sometimes called as coniferous forests or boreal
forests
TAIGAS

7. • The tundra is characterized by a thin layer of topsoil
over the permafrost.
• There are no trees in the tundra because its growing
season is too short and the roots cannot penetrate
the permafrost.
TUNDRAS

8. • Grasslands are covered with tall grasses in moist
areas and short grasses in drier areas.
GRASSLANDS

9. • Plants that thrive in deserts are adapted to endure
dry, hot conditions.
• Plants have thick waxy coating to reduce
evaporation, and thus conserve water. Animals alike
are also adapted to conserve water and most of them
are active at night.
DESERTS

10. • Savannas are characterized as tropical grasslands
with scattered deciduous trees and shrubs.
• Plant and animal life survive the alternatinf wet and
dry season.
SAVANNAS

11. • The region is dominated by either small trees or
shrubs.
• The leaves of the shrubs are called evergreen, which
means that these leaves stays in branches all
throughout the year.
SHRUBLANDS or CHAPARRALS

12. AQUATIC BIOMES

13. • Freshwater biomes are characterized by low levels of
dissolved salt, includes lakes, rivers, streams, and
wetlands.
(1) FRESHWATER BIOMES

14. (1)EUTROPHIC LAKES
• are nutrient-rich but oxygen poor areas
• inhabited by plants and algae
• found at lower altitudes
(2)OLIGOTROPHIC LAKES
• are nutrient-poor but oxygen-rich areas
• water is much clearer and found high in the
mountains
TWO CATEGORIES OF LAKES & PONDS
• known as lentic habitats

15. LITTORAL ZONE
• area closest to land
• the water is shallow
LIMNETIC ZONE
• is the open water area of the lake or pond
• Plankton and most fishes dominate the zone
PROFUNDAL ZONE
• is the deepest part of the lake
• Little to no light reaches this zone
• Few and diverse organisms found in this area
DIFFERENT ZONES in LAKES & PONDS

16. • are the moving bodies of water
• known as lotic habitats
RIVERS & STREAMS
RIVER
STREAMS

17. • are transitional biomes- a transition between aquatic
and terrestrial biomes
• are wet for at least a part of the year
WETLANDS
MARSHES
BOGS
SWAMPS

18. Marshes
• are wetlands dominated by rushes, reeds, or grasses
• frequently flooded by water
Swamps
• are wetlands that are dominated by woody plants or
shrubs
• are wetlands that receive water from rivers, lakes, or
seas
Bogs
• are wetlands that receive water from rainfall
• Mosses, shrubs, and small plants thrive in bogs
Types Of Wetlands

19. • Estuaries are areas where freshwater from rivers
meet and mix with marine water, creating brackish
water.
• Organisms living in this biome are adapted to
fluctuating levels of salinity.
(2) MARINE BIOMES

20. • tound along the coastlines
• Trees thrive in the brackish water and serve as a
home to crustaceans and small fishes before these
animals head out to the open sea.
• common in the tropics
Mangrove or Nipa Forest

21. • are considered the rainforests of the sea
• are made up of calcium carbonate
Coral Reefs

22. • In terms of availability of light, ecologists divided the
ocean into two zones: the photic zone and the aphotic
zone.
• Light reaches the photic zone that enables marine
organisms to photosynthesize, whereas light cannot
penetrate through the aphotic zone.

23. • Ecologists divided the ocean into zones based on the
diversity of organisms:
Intertidal Zone
• Organisms should be adapted to periodic exposure to
air due to changes in the tide
Neritic Zone
• Considered the most productive zone of the ocean
• These are the species found in this zone such as
plankton, fishes, crustaceans and corals.
Pelagic Zone
• The open ocean and deepest parts of the ocean are
included in the pelagic zone.

24. PELAGIC ZONE
NERITIC ZONE
INTERTIDAL ZONE