Unit-IV; Professional Sales Representative (PSR).pptx
Features, planning, & phases of teaching
1. General
Methods of
Teaching
Features of teaching
Planning for teaching
Principles of teaching
By Hina Jalal (PhD Scholar)
• Features of Teaching
• Planning of Teaching
• Phases of Teaching
Hina Jalal
PhD Scholar
2. Features of
Teaching
• Good teaching is stimulating
• Drawing out process
• An active process
• Motivate student
• Mature skill
• Guided skill
• Well-planned
• Means of adjustment
• Equips learners
• Diagnostic and remedial
• Suggestive, democratic, and cooperative
3. A key aspect of effective teaching is having a plan for what will happen in
the classroom each day. Teaching and learning should be well planned with
clear objectives that are understood by learners.
Planning can be defined as “thinking in advance what is to be done, when it
is to be done, how it is to be done and by whom it should be done”.
PLANNING FOR TEACHING
4. PURPOSE OF PLANNING:
The purposes of planning include:
• Clarification of the objectives to the pupils,
• Provision for individual differences,
• Development of means for stimulating interest,
• Provision for a logical instructional sequence,
• Provision for flexibility, and
• Enabling the teacher to teach with confidence.
5. 1. Formulation of instructional objectives
2. Taking decision about content/subject
3. Selecting elements of contents
4. Deciding teaching methods and strategies
5. Resource Development
6. Execution of plan
7. Evaluation
8. Feedback
STEPS OF PLANNING
6. Components of Teaching Planning
• The teachers’ attitudes, beliefs, orientations and teachers’ social background
• The pupils’/students’ age, background, knowledge, motivational level of interest
• The type of content that influences the planning process, textbook and other
instructional materials.
• The learning content/experiences which is characterized by the subject matter
guidelines
• Material resources which include equipment/tools for teaching
• Time frame which is considerable
8. Pre-active phase (planning stage):
This phase accounts for a pre-estimated idea before coming to the classroom. It includes a very good estimated
pre-plan of understanding the class with a “good lesson plan.” Lesson plan preparation includes – formation of
objectives with a selected content – content analysis – development of strategies of teaching.
Inter active phase (presentations phase):
This is concerned with all activities and behavior and manifested by the teacher in and after entering the
classroom during the process of presenting the content. The operation included at this stage is:
(a) Verbal and non-verbal stimulation
(b) Presentation (along with an idea of Action Research)
(c) Development and use of strategies involved in teaching.
Post active phase (evaluation phase):
This phase of teaching accounts for the concept achieved after the classroom situation undertaken by the
teacher which led to the achievement of objectives as estimated earlier. This stage may also be undertaken by
just mere observation. It included
– testing behavioral change of students
– selection of appropriate testing device
– feedback for evaluation
Phases of Teaching
Hinweis der Redaktion
Features of Teaching
Good teaching is stimulating the learners towards acquisition of knowledge, and skills.
Drawing out process: good teaching draws out situation in which learners explore their hidden knowledge, disposition, and values rather than pour in them.
An active process: good teaching is an active and dynamic process rather than passive.
Motivate students: good teaching motivates students in positive manners to lead them towards their goals.
Mature skill: it is mature skill to teach students. This will acquire with teaching experiences.
Guided skill: a good teacher is good communicator to guide and facilitate students with range of solutions.
Well-planned: a good teaching is well-planned, organized, effective, and managed.
Means of adjustment: teacher is the mean whereby society trains the young. Good teaching well-adjusted in certainty and uncertainty of environment.
Equips learners: good teaching equips learners with futuristic knowledge and skills. So that they can perform well in working world.
Diagnostic and remedial: teacher must study individual differences and assesses students’ weaknesses and strength for remedies.
Suggestive, democratic, and cooperative: good teacher does not impose decision but select decision in suggestive manners. Good teacher behaves in democratic ways in corporation with students.
Teaching is a complex task. It involves many activities through which pupils, learning is assisted (The successful completion of the teaching act needs systematic planning and careful execution). For successful completion of the teaching act, these teaching activities must proceed in sequential steps. These steps or stages are known as phases of teaching. A teaching act may be systematically analyzed into three phases.
According to Phillip H. Jackson, the operation of teaching could be classified into 3 different phases as:
Pre-active phase of teaching
Inter active phase of teaching
Post active phase of teaching