With more than one million patent applications filed every year, searching for prior-art has become a daunting task. This constitutes an important challenge for technology companies and their legal representatives, as the value of its assets depends on their ability to demonstrate the novelty of their inventive efforts. Failing to identify prior-art makes it difficult for companies to patent their inventions and exposes them to costly litigation. The breadth and complexity of the IP space makes it all but impossible to search for prior-art without the help of machine-based intelligence that identifies relationships between a new invention and those described in millions of patent documents. Existing solutions fail to take into account that companies often use (and are strongly motivated to) different words to describe similar inventions. This makes search efforts based on the similarities between words prone to miss relevant prior-art. What is more, existing techniques do not account for temporal changes in the terminology used to describe particular inventions. This is not a trivial omission as, by definition, the search for prior-art requires comparing an invention with other produced at different points in time. AIP developed an advance search engine that addresses these shortcomings. AIP uses thousands of examination reports to learn about textual relationship that describe scientific concepts and applies this learning to compare inventions. That is, instead of comparing document on the basis that these contain similar words, our algorithm compares document on the basis that these describe similar ideas. We present a number of cases were AIP’s solution helped companies patent their inventions, license technologies, and address litigation challenges.

1. AI Patents –
Patent, Product, Technology Search
A Revolutionary Engine for Technology Search
Liat Belinson, CEO
Liat.belinson@aipatents.com
ICIC 2015, 19 - 20 OCTOBER . NICE

2. AI Patents Motivation
How to identify related prior-art from millions of patent documents?
 Large textual domain: An invention can be described in many different ways
 Where to search? Prior-art cited by the patent examiner is usually from a
different technology classification than the application
 In about 60% of patent application rejections, the application and prior-art
cited are from different technology classifications (IPC)
 Key words: Patent documents typically include technical phrases that differ
textually, but may be related scientifically
 E.g., PMG (permanent magnet generator) and BLDC (brushless DC
controller) are related scientifically, but differ textually
 Incentives: Patent prosecuting attorneys have an incentive to differ their
clients’ inventions semantically from the most related prior-art to mitigate the
risk of rejection

3. Patent
Search
Query:
“the driver of the vehicle is notified by the presence of pedestrians,
animals or any other environmental or weather related hazard affecting
the roadway in real time”
Competitor A
Search query uses
long complex syntax
Not sorted by
relevancy
Too many results
AI Patents Competitive Advantage

4. Free text query
Relevant results
Sorted by relevance
AI Patents Competitive Advantage
Patent
Search
Query:
“the driver of the vehicle is notified by the presence of pedestrians,
animals or any other environmental or weather related hazard affecting
the roadway in real time”

5. Search Query: a golf ball finder system which helps golfers identify the position
of their lost golf balls; for example, if the golfer hits the ball out of bounds, the
user is alerted to the location of the ball by means of an LCD display or sound
output (search across issued US Patents)
AI Patents vs. Competitors’ Test

6. 1. US 7,207,902 - Method and apparatus for locating and recording the position
of a golf ball during a golf game
2. US 5,910,057 - Golf ball with distance and locating system
3. US 6,113,504 - Golf ball locator
4. US 6,634,959 - Golf ball locator
5. US 6,524,199 - System for locating a golf ball
Search Query: a golf ball finder system which helps golfers identify the position
of their lost golf balls; for example, if the golfer hits the ball out of bounds, the
user is alerted to the location of the ball by means of an LCD display or sound
output (search across issued US Patents)
AI Patents vs. Competitors’ Test

7. 1. US 7,207,902 - Method and apparatus for locating and
recording the position of a golf ball during a golf game
2. US 5,910,057 - Golf ball with distance and locating system
3. US 6,113,504 - Golf ball locator
4. US 6,634,959 - Golf ball locator
5. US 6,524,199 - System for locating a golf ball
Search Query: a golf ball finder system which helps golfers identify the position of their lost golf balls;
for example, if the golfer hits the ball out of bounds, the user is alerted to the location of the ball by
means of an LCD display or sound output (search across issued US Patents)
1. US 5,013,046 - Multiple mark golf ball and playing method
2. US 5,163,686 - Practice mat for golfers
3. US 6,309,130 - Wood-type golf heads provided with vertical
grooves on hitting surface
4. US 4,413,827 - Scaled-down golf course game
5. US 6,015,353 - Golf swing stroke-error-signaling sensor
1. US 7,641,565 -Method and apparatus for detecting the
placement of a golf ball for a launch monitor (note: this patent
is for flight path monitoring)
2. US 4,334,707 - Golf ball retriever (note: this patent is for
scooping a golf ball, e.g. out of a body of water)
3. US 7,497,780 - Integrated golf ball launch monitor
4. US 7,207,446 - Detachable golf ball display
5. US 5,589,628 - Golf ball striking device
1. US 7,515,980 - Sound outputting apparatus and sound outputting
method
2. US 8,340,323 - Sound outputting apparatus, sound outputting
method, sound outputting system, and sound output processing
program
3. US 5,988,314 - Sound output system
4, US 5,144,670 - Sound output system
5. US 8,204,241 - Sound outputting apparatus, sound outputting
method, sound output processing program and sound outputting
system
Provided the same search query, AI Patents produces higher quality
references compared to its semantic search engine counterparts
AI Patents vs. Competitors’ Test
Vendor 2
Vendor 1
Vendor 3

8. Patent
Search
Query:
“ a bicycle is a personal transportation device with wheels and pedals that
transfer from pedalling through a chain to the rear wheel and has handlebars for
steering”
Key Words:
not bike, not motorcycle, not bicycle, not cycle ”
AI Patents Competitive Advantage

9. Our Solution
 AI Patents draws from a novel and
comprehensive analysis of related scientific
and technology concepts (e.g. from learning
from USPTO and EPO patent examiner
reports), to measure the similarity of different
patent documents.
 The system can identify technologies by their
conceptual relatedness in a way that is more
robust than traditional keyword/Boolean-
based representations.
 Rigorous testing validates that our algorithms
substantially outperform existing search
engines.
 AI Patents is poised to become a critical part
of the technology search process as it
dynamically – and automatically - becomes
more educated over time
AI Patents’ semantic search engine
learns from the accumulated and
collective expertise of the USPTO and
EPO Examiners. who make 102/103
rejections everyday.

10. Our Solution –
Examples of AI Patents’ Dictionary
Search
Input
DDR*
Search
Input
encode*
Example 1 Example 2

11. Implemented Technology
Multiple Application Spaces –
Generic Semantic Technology for different areas
In the next slides, we demonstrate how this technology excels in various
application spaces as:
Patents search
PubMed search (largest biotech and medical articles archive)
Products descriptions search
Company descriptions search
Resumes search
search by full job descriptions
with the best candidates at the top

12. We examined several patent suits and loaded a free description of the technology into AI
Patents’ search engine with the following results:
 Alcatel-Lucent vs. Microsoft – MP3 ($1.5B), 2003, patent filed at 1997. Our system
identifies the relevant patent in location #5 (without any filtering on years).
 NTP vs. RIM ($612.5M), 2001. 5 patents are involved in the litigation case. Our
system identifies those patents in locations #1, #2, #5, #9, #20.
 Intellectual Ventures vs. Chris Crawford, 1993. Our system identifies the relevant
patent in location #2.
 Microsoft vs. Barnes & Noble, 2011. Our system identifies the relevant patent in
location #2.
 Alcatel-Lucent vs. Microsoft – Microsoft Outlook (500$M), patent filed in 1986. Our
system identifies the relevant patent in location #14 (see more detail and results in
the next two slides).
Sample Cases
If the infringing companies would have performed Freedom-to-Operate searches
using AI Patents’ engine, they may have avoided lawsuits and spending millions of
dollars in the process

13.  In order to test on an existing case, we uploaded a description taken from the
"Technology" slide in the following PowerPoint deck
www.cs.berkeley.edu/~tlavian/.../Alcatel-LucentvMicrosoft.ppt
 The following text was inputted into AI Patents’ search engine:
 “Invention Box: Quantizing noise – approximation of continuous range by
values by relatively small set of discrete values, Invented method and
apparatus to produce quantized audio signal using interpolated scale factor”
 Boolean Search: audio*, signal, noise
 AI Patents immediately found the relevant patent ranked 14th in the results.
How much would that have saved Microsoft?
sample case: Alcatel-Lucent vs. Microsoft

14. sample case: Alcatel-Lucent vs. Microsoft

15. Query: “Iron is an essential mineral for the function of all body cells and is absorbed at the apical
surface of enterocytes to be transported by ferroportin, the only known iron exporter, across
the basolateral surface of the enterocyte into circulation. Inflammation from IBD interferes
with iron absorption by causing an increase in hepcidin, a peptide hormone synthesized in
the liver that inhibits ferroportin activity. A deficiency of iron can have a significant impact on a
patient's quality of life”
PubMed Boolean queries
are extremely complex
Queries complexity
results in EMPTY output
AI Patents Competitive Advantage
(PubMed)

16. Query: “Iron is an essential mineral for the function of all body cells and is absorbed at the apical
surface of enterocytes to be transported by ferroportin, the only known iron exporter, across
the basolateral surface of the enterocyte into circulation. Inflammation from IBD interferes
with iron absorption by causing an increase in hepcidin, a peptide hormone synthesized in
the liver that inhibits ferroportin activity. A deficiency of iron can have a significant impact on a
patient's quality of life”
Cited Article placed
into 1st position
Highly Relevant
Articles Found
Sorted by relevance
AI Patents Competitive Advantage
(PubMed)

17. Search Query: cloud based platform that allows businesses to better manage
their CRM processes from lead generation to request for proposals, from
expense tracking to employees' sales performance records
Search Engine Results Retrieved
1. Filenet Business Process Manager – IBM
2. Cognos Customer Perfomance Sales Analytics – IBM
3. Expense Management JD Edwards Enterpriseone – Oracle
4. Tivoli Availability Process Managers – IBM
5. Commerce on Cloud – IBM
About 341,000 results (1.10 seconds)
1. Best Lead Management Software | 2014 Reviews of the ...
2. Top CRM Software | 2014 Reviews of the Best Systems…
3. CRM & Cloud Computing To Grow Your Business ...
4. CRM Software | Free Pricing & Feature Comparison
5. 50 Best Sales Management Tools/Software – Docurated
6…
AI Patents Competitive Advantage
(Products Search)

18. X solutions increase
revenue for online
merchants through
automated, real-time
customer interaction at
the point of customer
conversion. Based on
behavioral targeting of
site visitors, Smart Offers
from X increases
conversion rates and
captures more revenue
from your existing site
traffic.
Purpose: Applying AI
Patents’ intelligent search
engine to company profiles
of 100 companies
Search Query:
1. Runa - Runa allows online merchants to more than double the
conversion rate of visitors. A one percentage point increase in
conversions from visitors to sales among all the existing online
merchants is equivalent to them spending approximately an
additional $7 billion on online advertising at current efficiencies.
2. Sweet Tooth - Sweet Tooth increases sales by converting first time
visitors into loyal customers that crave your brand. These loyal
customers come back to your store, purchase frequently, and
promote your brand to their friends & family. Online businesses can
create loyal brand promoters by automatically engaging their
customers using Sweet Tooth’s advanced loyalty platform. Over
3,000 online businesses are using Sweet Tooth to automate the
communication to, and rewarding of, their customers.
3. Zephyr Financial Technologies - Web Based platform creates a
completely new 360degree environment to access and analyze global
financial data. The system design, architecture and marketing
solution fuses together real time financial data (pricing, charts,
analytic tools etc.) via specific data streams, aggregated content and
Business Intelligence (BI/FI) Applications into a dynamic and
customizable interactive interface.
4. ShopLogic - ShopLogic gives e-commerce merchants an intelligent
way to optimize and manage promotions on their site. ShopLogic lets
merchants promote intelligently and determine what to offer, who
should get them, and how much to discount. The best promotion is
delivered for each shopper, resulting in more margin and sales for
The following search results – all in the top 10-
were the most relevant to the search query
AI Patents Competitive Advantage
(Company Profile)

19. Testimonials
“It is certainly a lot easier to search with your
tool than freepatentsonline.com or the USPTO”
“We were able to identify companies making
comparable products. This led us to several
potential manufacturing Partners”
An Actual Case Study
“AI Patents helped us understand the
competitive landscape better than any search
we'd done before. It was fast and efficient and
the results were incredibly relevant to the work
that we were doing. I would highly recommend
their product and will use them again”
One of AI Patents’ first
customers saved more than
$300K for not buying a “wrong”
patent:
- originally used a competitor
application  did not find relevant
patents.
-Then, turned to AI Patents, and
on his first search found a pre-
dated patent with the exact
technology as the one he
considered acquiring.
Now our satisfied paying
customer
Case Studies & Testimonials

20. Liat Belinson
E-mail: Liat.belinson@aipatents.com
Phone: (919) 599-5512
Contact Information

21. Our Solution –
Source of information
In most cases before the USPTO, a patent application will receive a prior art rejection
under 102 or 103. In this case (application # 12/942,047), the Examiner cited
US 6,747,268 as an anticipatory reference. Therefore, there must exist some link, or
correlation, between the words in the 12/942,047 app and the ‘268 patent.

22. 6900000_102 5443941
6900000_102 5733712
6900000_102 5991081
6900000_102 6747268
6900002_103 6103305
6900002_103 5767018
6900002_103 6103305
6900002_103 6500756
Our Solution –
Process of building the dictionary
Extracting references from 102
and 103 rejections to create the
list below:
Grouping references into worlds
Produce semantic analysis
Generate technical dictionary