Property buy and sell report

1
Chapter -1
INTRODUCTION
This website is a “PROPERTY BUY AND SELL” through which a user can accessits
information and manage all the adding ,updating, deleting the assets and some of its tasks.
The Admin user can change the information regarding property selling and buying and
cancellation.
The system is very useful system for the companies who develop apartments, hotels,
Villa,residential properties and commercial properties.Companies or individual agents can
also advertise their property.
Agents or buyer can maintain their property document keeping and managing property
registration and also access its information and manage all the adding ,updating,deleting the
as and some of its tasks. The Admin user can inform their agents for regarding to property to
property and update the information regarding property and cancellation of property or
changing buyer choice.
The system is very useful for the companies or builders that can post and edit their properties
and their personal information can monitor records of all of them.

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Chapter-2
PROBLEM DOMAIN
scope :
The real of world wide web have spread across millions of household, so naturally,Internet
has become by far the best platform for real estate marketing today.
Now days when everything is online, how is it possible that real estate left web application
behind. There are lot of real estate companies who advertise their property online so idea
behind developing this application is that their property can also sell,or buy rental property
using this.
These application are not widely popular but in future,they have large scope of growth.
Project Goals:
Planned approach towards working: - The working in the organization will be well
planned and organized. The data will be stored properly in data stores, which will help in
retrieval of information as well as its storage.
Accuracy: - The level of accuracy in the proposed system can not be decided. Because here
user buy and another user build the home. There is no guarantee.
Reliability: - The reliability of the proposed system will be high due to the above stated
reasons. The reason for the increased reliability of the system is that now there would be
proper storage of informat.
ProjectObjectives:
 The system should have a login. A login box should appear when the system is
invoked.The Admin should have all the type of authority.
 The Admin should maintain property .Admin identify property type as it is residential
or commercial property.

3
 The Admin user can inform their agents for regarduing to property and update the
information regarding property and cancellation of property or changing buyer choice.
 The user should book the property for sell or rent with detail of property. The system
is very useful for the companies or builders that can post and edit their
 properties and their personal info and admin can monitor records of all of them.
 The system is also useful which also keeps track of Account details of buyers and
Investors .

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Chapter-3
System Requirement Specifications
Scope:
The real of World Wide Web have spread across millions of household, so
naturally, Internet has become by far the best platform for real estate marketing today.
Now a days when everything is online, how is it possible that real estate left web application
behind? There are lots of real estate companies who advertise their property online so idea
behind developing this application is that their property can also sell,or buy or even rent
property using this. These applications are not widely popular but in future,they have large
scope of growth.
This website is an online real estatemanagement through
which individual agents or buyer can maintain their property documentkeeping and managing
property registration and alsoaccess its information and manage all the adding, updating,
deleting the ads and some of its tasks.The Admin user can inform their agents for regarding
to property and update the information regarding property and cancellation of property or
changing buyer choice.
The system is very useful for the companies or builders that can post and edit the
information of their properties and their personal info and admin can monitor records of all of
them. The system is also useful which also keeps track of Account details of buyers and
Investors .
Objectives
 The system should have a login. A login box should appear when the system is
invoked.
 The Admin should have all the type of authority.
 The Admin should maintain property. Admin identify property type as it is residential
or commercial property.

5
 The Admin user can inform their agents for regarding to property and update the
information regarding property and cancellation of property or changing buyer
choice.
 The user should book the property for sell or rent with detail of property.
 The system is very useful for the companies or builders that can post and
edit their properties and their personal info and admin can monitor record
of all them.
Overalldescription:
1. Product Prospective:-
Admin’s interface: Admin is a person who will handle the entire website. For that person
has to give the user name and password to enter the admin page. After entering right
password admin person can enter the admin home area. Here user buy different property &
sell them to the system. Buyer user property & builder verify each-other & make reliable
communication to each other.
User’s interface: User can visit the home page of real estate in which first the
introduction of our site mention first.The registered user can login from the login
module.Here guest can register free account to sell and buy property &buyer verify eachother
& make reliable communication to each other. User can search the property and it can select
the type of property and its budget and also find the location of property.
2.ProductFunctions:
Our system must save time and money: Accurate upfront software requirements
definition helps ensure your team works on the business problems that matter most.
Reduce rework: Early validation and agreement by stakeholder’s means development and
quality teams spend less time on rework.
Improve requirement accuracy: Industry-unique collaborative storyboarding improves
accuracy by promoting effective communication.

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3. Assumptions and Dependencies:
Assumptions:
 The code should be free with compilation errors/syntax errors.
 The product must have an interface which is simple enough to understand.
Dependencies:
 All necessary hardware and software are available for implementing and use of the
tool.
 The proposed system would be designed, developed and implemented based on the
software requirements specifications document. End users should have basic
knowledge of computer and we also assure that the users will be given software
training documentation and reference material.
 The system is not required to save generated reports.

7
Specific Requirements:
Software requirements:
 Xampp-win32-1.7.7-VC9-installer
 Adobe Dreamviewer (343 mb)
 Mozila Firefox
 Winrar (wrar361)
Hardware requirements:
 Minimum 350MB Hard Disk space for installation
 4GB HD space required for a typical live system with 1000-2000 events
 Recommended minimum CPU - Pentium 4, 3.2GHz
 Recommended 1GB RAM for a Central Server with 3 Nodes
 Network card
Functional And Non-Functional Requirement:
Functional Requirements :
Since this project uses database and control, it needs the retrieval of information from the
database. It needs access of Database from a front end, as PHP is a Microsoft Family
product, it provides easy linking to the database, along with the flexibility required to
develop a user-friendly front end.
 Usability: The interface should use terms and concepts, which are drawn from the
experience of the people who will make most of the system.
 Efficiency: The system must provide easy and fast access without consuming
more cost.
 Reliability: User should never be surprised by the behavior of the system and it‘s
easy to use to stored data and easy to used transfer voice data (only .wav files)

8
SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION
Adobe Dreamweaver CS5
Adobe Dreamweaver is a proprietary web development tool which is developed by Adobe
Systems. Dreamweaver was originally developed by Macromedia in 1997, and was
maintained by them until Macromedia was acquired by Adobe Systems in 2005. Adobe
Dreamweaver is available for both OS X and Windows. Following Adobe's acquisition of the
Macromedia product suite, releases of Dreamweaver subsequent to version 8.0 have been
more compliant with W3C standards. Recent versions have improved support for web
technologies such as CSS, JavaScript, and various server-side scripting
languages and frameworks including ASP (ASP JavaScript, ASP VBScript, ASP.NET C#,
ASP.NET VB), ColdFusion, Script let, and PHP.
In October 1996, Macromedia decided to create a new web page editing tool. Kevin Lynch
led the effort, spending several months assembling a small team and talking with web
designers about the challenges they faced building web sites with the current set of tools.
Based on this customer insight, Kevin wrote a document called the "19 Dreams," a collection
of stories about what an ideal web editing tool would do. These dreams served as the vision
for the tool, and the project was subsequently codenamed "Dreamweaver".
Dreamweaver can use third-party "Extensions" to extend core functionality of the application,
which any web developer can write (largely in HTML and JavaScript). Dreamweaver is
supported by a large community of extension developers who make extensions available
(both commercial and free) for most web development tasks from simple rollover effects to
full-featured shopping carts.

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System attributes:
 Reliability
This system is designed to have very simple database just to cater the exact need of real
estate management. It is tested for all the constraints at development stage.
 Availability
This system will only available till the system on which it is installed is running.
 Security
This system is provided with authentication without which no user can pass. So only
thlegitimate users are allowed to use the application. If the legitimate users share the
authentication information then the system is open to outsiders.
 Maintainability
There will be no maintenance required for the software. The database is provided by the
end-user and therefore is maintained by this user.
 Portability
The system is not portable as it is a standalone application running on single system with
no shared.

10
EXISTING SYSTEM
• In the existing system all the Information of a property or client proceed manually
and it has to maintain the record of the entire activity involved in manual system .
• Property registration process also involves lot of paper work. For every property
separate file has be maintained according to name of seller property details.
• Searching the property was done by the persons own selffrom the property Dealeror
through internet sites therewas a limitation of matching choice of their property.
• In these cases the time was very essential .So to solving this problem stock of
problems can be listed in the existing system.
• If any person wants to sell or buy a property then he has to come to be office for
registration of this property.
• Problem in existing system:
1)Time consideration:
• Increased time taken by personnel. It is very tedious job to find a proper property as
per your choice and for the other.
• At the time of searching property all the records have to be scanned and even after
the people can not be sure that they will be able to find a proper property.
• In addition, owner wantsto update their records each time a deletion or additon.
2)Cost Consideration:
• A large number of people are involves to maintain the whole system that is very
expensive.
• The cost also increases to the buyer with the increasing ofshop maintenance.
• A large number of manpower is involved to maintain the whole system,which is very
expensive.

11
• Unreliable and inefficient data entry.
• Lesser user friendly.
• Uses of lot registers for maintain records.
• The office is situated at the particular location.the no of client can not able to come
from other side. Only the people which near to the office can register for sell,rent or
buy.

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Chapter-4
Design
INPUT DESIGN
Input design is the process of converting user-oriented input to a computer based
format. Input design is a part of overall system design, which requires very careful attention
.Often the collection of input data is the most expensive part of the system. The main
objectives of the input design are …
1. Produce cost effective method of input
2. Achieve highest possible level of accuracy
3. Ensure that the input is acceptable to and understood by the staff.
Input Data
The goal of designing input data is to make entry easy, logical and free from errors as
possible. The entering data entry operators need to know the allocated space for each field;
field sequence and which must match with that in the source document. The format in which
the data fields are entered should be given in the input form .Here data entry is online; it
makes use of processor that accepts commands and data from the operator through a key
board. The input required is analyzed by the processor. It is then accepted or rejected. Input
stages include the following processes
 Data Recording
 Data Transcription
 Data Conversion
 Data Verification
 Data Control
 Data Transmission
 Data Correction

13
One of the aims of the system analyst must be to select data capture method and
devices, which reduce the number of stages so as to reduce both the changes of errors and the
cost .Input types, can be characterized as.
 External
 Internal
 Operational
 Computerized
 Interactive
Input files can exist in document form before being input to the computer. Input
design is rather complex since it involves procedures for capturing data as well as inputting it
to the computer.
OUTPUT DESIGN
Outputs from computer systems are required primarily to communicate the results of
processing to users. They are also used to provide a permanent copy of these result for latter
consultation .Computer output is the most important and direct source of information to the
users. Designing computer output should proceed in an organized well through out the
manner. The right output must be available for the people who find the system easy o use.
The outputs have been defined during the logical design stage. If not, they should defined at
the beginning of the output designing terms of types of output connect, format, response etc,
Various types of outputs are :
 External outputs
 Internal outputs
 Operational outputs
 Interactive outputs
 Turn around outputs
All screens are informative and interactive in such a way that the user can full fill his
requirements through asking queries.

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DATABASE DESIGN
The general theme behind a database is to handle information as an integrated whole. A
database is a collection of interrelated data stored with minimum redundancy to serve many
users quickly and effectively. After designing input and output, the analyst must concentrate
on database design or how data should be organized around user requirements. The general
objective is to make information access, easy quick, inexpensive and flexible for other users.
During database design the following objectives are concerned
 Controlled Redundancy
 Data independence
 Accurate and integrating
 More information at low cost
 Recovery from failure
 Privacy and security
 Performance
 Ease of learning and use
 In Property Buy & Sell project we can create the database with the help of PHP my
admin tool which is used to design the database in the PHP. The PHP my admin is
firstly creating a database and then in this database we can create all those tables
which we want to created. In this project the name of database is portal having 9
tables like add_student, add_branch, add_sem, add_marks, add_remarks, add_subject,
add_updates, a_login, f_login etc.

16
2.Data flow Diagram:
A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through
an information system, modelling its process aspects. Often they are a preliminary step used
to create an overview of the system which can later be elaborated. DFDs can also be used for
the visualization of data processing (structured design). A DFD shows what kinds of
information will be input to and output from the system, where the data will come from and
go to, and where the data will be stored.
Data Design transforms the information domain model created during the analysis into data
structures that will be required to implement the software. A part of the data design may
occur in conjunction with the design of software architecture. A Data Flow Diagram (DFD)
provides the mechanism for information flow modeling and functional modeling. It may be
used to represent a system or software at any level of abstraction.
Data flow diagrams can be used in both Analysis and Design phase of the SDLC. There are
different notations to draw data flow diagrams, defining different visual representations for
processes, data stores, data flow, and external entities.
Level 0 DFD is called as a fundamental system model. Additional levels such Level 1; Level
2… are used to reveal more details.
Fig :a

20
FRONT-END:
PHP
PHP - Hypertext PreProcessor is a server-side scripting language for creating dynamic and
interactive websites. It is widely-used as an alternate to ASP. It is perfectly suited for Web
development and can be embedded directly into the HTMLprogrammingcode.
PHP is used where data processing is required; where the scripting language access and
process data from the database and displays the result. Learn the Hypertext Preprocessor
programming tutorial online with example. As you read more you will understand it well.
PHP code can be simply mixed with HTML code, or it can be used in combination with
various templating engines and web frameworks. PHP code is usually processed by a
PHP interpreter, which is usually implemented as a web server's native module or a Common
Gateway Interface (CGI) executable. After the PHP code is interpreted and executed, the web
server sends resulting output to its client, usually in form of a part of the generated web
page – for example, PHP code can generate a web page's HTML code, an image, or some
other data. PHP has also evolved to include a command-line interface (CLI) capability and
can be used in standalone graphical applications.
PHP is free software released under the PHP License. PHP has been widely ported and can be
deployed on most web servers on almost every operating system and platform, free of charge.
PHP development began in 1994 when the developer Rasmus Lerdorf wrote a series
of Common Gateway Interface (CGI) Perl scripts, which he used to maintain his personal
homepage. The tools performed tasks such as displaying his résumé and recording his web
traffic. He rewrote these scripts in C for performance reasons, extending them to add the
ability to work withweb forms and to communicate with databases, and called this
implementation "Personal Home Page/Forms Interpreter" or PHP/FI.
PHP/FI could be used to build simple, dynamic web applications. Lerdorf initially announced
the release of PHP/FI as "Personal Home Page Tools (PHP Tools) version 1.0" publicly to
accelerate bug location and improve the code, on the Usenet discussion

21
groupcomp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi on June 8, 1995. This release already had the
basic functionality that PHP has as of 2013. This included Perl-like variables, form handling,
and the ability to embed HTML. The syntax resembled that of Perl but was simpler, more
limited and less consistent.
BACK-END:
MYSQL
MYSQL, the most popular Open Source SQL database management system, is developed,
distributed, and supported by Oracle Corporation. MYSQL is a simple, yet powerful Open
Source Software relational database management system that uses SQL. Here, we display the
total MYSQL Databases this web host allows on their smallest plan.
MYSQL is a simple, yet powerful Open Source Software relational database management
system that uses SQL. Here, we display the total MYSQL Databases this web host allows on
their smallest plan.
The MySQL development project has made its source code available under the terms of
the GNU General Public License, as well as under a variety of proprietary agreements.
MySQL was owned and sponsored by a single for profit firm,
the Swedish company MySQL AB, now owned byOracle Corporation..

22
Chapter – 5
Implimentation
Implementation is the stage in the project where the theoretical design is turned into a
working system. The implementation phase constructs, installs and operates the new system.
The most crucial stage in achieving a new successful system is that it will work efficiently
and effectively.
1.Select Operation In PHP:

23
Java Script:
JavaScript (JS) is a dynamic computer programming language. It is most commonly used as
part of web browsers, whose implementations allow client-side scripts to interact with the
user, control the browser, communicate asynchronously, and alter the document content that
is displayed. It is also being used in server-side programming, game development and the
creation of desktop and mobile applications.
JavaScript is a prototype-based scripting language with dynamic typing and has first-class
functions. Its syntax was influenced by C. JavaScript copies many names and naming
conventions from Java, but the two languages are otherwise unrelated and have very different
semantics. The key design principles within JavaScript are taken from
the Self and Scheme programming languages. It is a multi-paradigm language,
supporting object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles.
The application of JavaScript in use outside of web pages—for example,
inPDF documents, site-specific browsers, and desktop widgets—is also significant. Newer
and faster JavaScript VMs and platforms built upon them (notably Node.js) have also
increased the popularity of JavaScript for server-side web applications. On the client side,
JavaScript was traditionally implemented as an interpreted language but just-in-
time compilation is now performed by recent (post-2012) browsers.
JavaScript was formalized in the ECMA Script language standard and is primarily used as
part of a web browser (client-side JavaScript). This enables programmatic access to objects
within a host environment.
JavaScript very quickly gained widespread success as a client-side scripting language for web
pages. Microsoft introduced JavaScript support in its own web browser, Internet Explorer, in
version 3.0, released in August 1996.
Example:
<script language="javascript">
function fun1(x){
var ex1 = /^(([^<>()[].,;:s@"]+(.[^<>()[].,;:s@"]+)*)|(".+"))@(([[0-9]{1,3}.[0-
9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}])|(([a-zA-Z-0-9]+.)+[a-zA-Z]{2,}))$/;

24
if(ex1.test(x))
{
return true;
}else{
document.getElementById('sp3').innerHTML = "Email Id is not found in proper format, Try
Again ";
}
}
function fun2(y)
{
var ex2 = /^[A-Z 0-9 a-z]{8,16}$/ ;
if(ex2.test(y))
{
return true;
}else{
document.getElementById('sp4').innerHTML = "May be Username not upto legth or
something wrong, Alphanumeric required";
}
}

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function fun3(){
if(document.frm1.q2.value=="def1"){
alert("You must choose one City !");
document.frm1.q2.focus();
return false;
}
}
</script>

26
CSS:
CSS stands for cascading style sheet. It is the language for describing the peresentation
of web page including colors, layouts,fonts. CSS is independent of HTML and can be used
with any XML based markupnlanguagr.it is two types:
i. Internal CSS:-
In this CSS we Write the code in head.
ii. External CSS:-
In external CSS we create a CSS page and then call it in head of html page.

28
Connect code:
jQuery
jQuery is a cross-platform JavaScript library designed to simplify the client-side
scripting of HTML. It was released in January 2006 at BarCamp NYC by John Resig. It is
currently developed by a team of developers led by Dave Methvin. Used by over 80% of the
10,000 most visited websites, jQuery is the most popular JavaScript library in use today.
jQuery is free, open source software, licensed under the MIT License. jQuery's syntax is
designed to make it easier to navigate a document, selectDOM elements, create animations,
handle events, and develop Ajax applications. jQuery also provides capabilities for
developers to create plug-inson top of the JavaScript library. This enables developers to
create abstractions for low-level interaction and animation, advanced effects and high-level,
theme-able widgets. The modular approach to the jQuery library allows the creation of
powerful dynamic web pages and web applications.
The set of jQuery core features—DOM element selections, traversal and manipulation—
enabled by its selector engine (named "Sizzle" from v1.3), created a new "programming

29
style", fusing algorithms and DOM-data-structures; and influenced the architecture of
other JavaScript frameworks like YUI v3 and Dojo.
Microsoft and Nokia bundle jQuery on their platforms. Microsoft includes it with Visual
Studio for use within Microsoft's ASP.NET AJAX framework andASP.NET MVC
Framework while Nokia has integrated it into the Web Run-Time widget development
platform. jQuery has also been used in Media Wiki since version 1.16.
Both version 1.x and 2.x of jQuery support "current-1 versions" (meaning the current stable
version of the browser and the version that preceded it) of Firefox, Google Chrome, Safari,
and Opera. The version 1.x also supports Internet Explorer 6 or higher. However, jQuery

44
TABLES USED:
Database:portal

50
Table for :registration__info

52
Chapter-6
Testing
SOFTWARE TESTING
Is the menu bar displayed in the appropriate contested some system related features included
either in menus or tools? Do pull –Down menu operation and Tool-bars work properly? Are
all menu function and pull down sub function properly listed ?; Is it possible to invoke each
menu function using a logical assumptions that if all parts of the system are correct, the goal
will be successfully achieved .? In adequate testing or non-testing will leads to errors that
may appear few months later.
This create two problem:
1. Time delay between the cause and appearance of the problem.
2. The effect of the system errors on files and records within the system
The purpose of the system testing is to consider all the likely variations to which it will be
suggested and push the systems to limits.
The testing process focuses on the logical intervals of the software ensuring that all
statements have been tested and on functional interval is conducting tests to uncover errors
and ensure that defined input will produce actual results that agree with the required results.
Program level testing, modules level testing integrated and carried out.
There are two major type of testing they are
1) White Box Testing.
2) Black Box Testing.

53
White Box Testing
White box sometimes called “Glass box testing” is a test case design uses the control
structure of the procedural design to drive test case.
Using white box testing methods, the following tests were made on the system
a) All independent paths within a module have been exercised once. In our system, ensuring
that case was selected and executed checked all case structures. The bugs that were prevailing
in some part of the code where fixed
b) All logical decisions were checked for the truth and falsity of the values.
Black box Testing
Black box testing focuses on the functional requirements of the software. This is black box
testing enables the software engineering to derive a set of input conditions that will fully
exercise all functional requirements for a program. Black box testing is not an alternative to
white box testing rather it is complementary approach that is likely to uncover a different
class of errors that white box methods like..
1) Interface errors
2) Performance in data structure
3) Performance errors
4) Initializing and termination errors
Preparation of Test Data
Testing is an important stage in System development life cycle. Careful planning is needed to
get the most out of testing and to control testing cost. The Informatics solution for test data
management enables your IT organization to create functionally intact, secure test data
subsets of database applications. IT organizations supporting database applications often

54
make multiple copies of production environments for development, testing, and training. The
order of testing is given as follows:
Unit Testing Integration Testing System Testing
Unit Testing
Unit testing comprises the set of tests performed by an individual programmer prior to
integration of unit into a larger system. Each and every module is tested for its correctness.
Finally all the modules are linked and tested for its integration. For example, encryption,
secure hash generator modules are tested independently for their correctness and accuracy.
Both these modules are tested by performing a reverse process (decryption) on their output.
Ideally, each test case is independent from the others. Substitutes such as method stubs, mock
objects, fakes, and test harnesses can be used to assist testing a module in isolation. Unit tests
are typically written and run by developers to ensure that code meets its design and behaves
as intended.
Integration Testing
Integration testing is a systematic technique for constructing the program structure while
conducting tests uncovers errors associated with interface. The object is to take unit tested
modules and build a program structure that has been dictated by design. The
encryption/decryption module after integrating into switch and server is tested by using
different encryption keys. Authentication process of server is verified by integrating different
unit tested modules (fetching a system MAC address, secure hash generator, etc) for WWN
spoofing.
Integration testing (sometimes called integration and testing, abbreviated I&T) is the phase
in software testing in which individual software modules are combined and tested as a group.
It occurs after unit testing and before validation testing. Integration testing takes as its
input modules that have been unit tested, groups them in larger aggregates, applies tests
defined in an integration test plan to those aggregates, and delivers as its output the integrated
system ready for system testing.

55
System Testing
System testing of software or hardware is testing conducted on a complete, integrated system
to evaluate the system's compliance with its specified requirements. System testing falls
within the scope of black box testing, and as such, should require no knowledge of the inner
design of the code or logic.
As a rule, system testing takes, as its input, all of the "integrated" software components that
have passed testing and also the software system itself integrated with any applicable
hardware system(s). The purpose of integration testing is to detect any inconsistencies
between the software units that are integrated together (called assemblages) or between any
of the assemblages and the hardware. System testing is a more limited type of testing; it seeks
to detect defects both within the "inter-assemblages" and also within the system as a whole.
Preparation of Test Oracle
The Oracle Test Data Management Pack allows the quick and safe copying a subset of data
from a production database to a non-production database. The pack can be used standalone or
in association with the Oracle Data Masking Pack to comply with data privacy and data
protection rules mandated by regulation or policy that restrict the use of actual customer data
for non-production purposes.
Oracle Utilities Application Framework based products can utilize this pack using the
following technique:
 A copy of the production schema with no data should be created on the production
database. It is important not to load the data as this will aid in the creation. A copy of the
schema can be built using Developer or using tools included in Oracle Database
Control/Oracle Database 12c EM Express.
 Follow the instructions in the Building A Data Model section of the Technical Best
Practices for Oracle Utilities Application Framework Based Products (Doc Id:
560367.1) to prepare the copied schema for loading into Oracle Test Data Management
Pack.

56
 Install the Oracle Test Data Management Pack within Oracle Enterprise Manager as
prescribed in the Database Testing Guide.
 Create an Application Model on the copied and prepared schema using the instructions
in the Data Discovery And Modeling documentation.
 Optionally, remove any tables or objects you do not want managed with the Oracle Test
Data Management Pack Application Data Model you just loaded. For example, you
might want to remove administration tables to optimize the time for the extract. This can
be done within the Oracle Test Data Management Pack interface available within Oracle
Enterprise Manager.
Unit Testing and Class Testing
Unit Testing
In computer programming, unit testing is a software testing method by which individual units
of source code, sets of one or more computer program modules together with associated
control data, usage procedures, and operating procedures are tested to determine if they are fit
for use. Intuitively, one can view a unit as the smallest testable part of an application. In
procedural programming, a unit could be an entire module, but it is more commonly an
individual function or procedure. In object-oriented programming, a unit is often an entire
interface, such as a class, but could be an individual method. Unit tests are short code
fragments created by programmers or occasionally by white box testers during the
development process.
Ideally, each test case is independent from the others. Substitutes such as method stubs, mock
objects, fakes, and test harnesses can be used to assist testing a module in isolation. Unit tests
are typically written and run by software developers to ensure that code meets its design and
behaves as intended.
Unit Testing is a level of the software testing process where individual units/components of a
software/system are tested. The purpose is to validate that each unit of the software performs
as designed.

57
A unit is the smallest testable part of software. It usually has one or a few inputs and usually a
single output. In procedural programming a unit may be an individual program, function,
procedure, etc. In object-oriented programming, the smallest unit is a method, which may
belong to a base/super class, abstract class or derived/child class.
Class Testing
Class testing is testing that ensures a class and its instances (objects) perform as
defined. Verifying implementation of a class = verifying the specification for that class. If so,
each of the instances should behave properly. The class in question has a complete and
correct specification that has been tested earlier in the context of models.
Spec is expressed in natural language or as a state transition diagram. Ideally, each test case is
independent from the others. Substitutes such as method stubs, mock objects, fakes, and test
harnesses can be used to assist testing a module in isolation. Unit tests are typically written
and run by software developers to ensure that code meets its design and behaves as intended.
Code can be tested effectively by inspection (preferable when construction of a test driver is
too difficult) execution of test cases (lends itself to easy regression testing later on)
Remember : When you test a class, you are really: creating instances of that class and testing
the behavior of those instance

58
SYSTEM SECURITY
Checks and Control
 In order to security, we need to:
 Ensure our website is properly secured.
 Protect cardholder information by encrypting it and not storing it after processing.
 Have up to date anti-virus on all our computers.
 Make sure everyone in our business has their own administrative account to our
reservation system.
 Make sure credit card information is only made accessible on a need to know basis. If
we are using a payment gateway with Rezgo, the credit card information is never
shown.
 Make sure our administration system has proper activity and security logging.
 Regularly test our security systems to make sure they are working and complaint.
 Maintain a security policy that addresses our security.
 For site security purposes and to ensure that this service remains available to all users,
this government computer system employs software programs to monitor network
traffic to identify unauthorized attempts to upload or change information, or otherwise
cause damage.
Encryption and Secure
 Except for authorized law enforcement investigations, no other attempts are
made to identify individual users or their usage habits.
 Raw data logs are used for no other purposes and are scheduled for regular
destruction in accordance with National Archives and Records Administration
guidelines.

59
Chapter – 7
CONCLUSION
The title of the project is Property Buy & Sell. The main objective of the project is to help
user to view information, register, pay tax and provide latest updates etc.
Property Buy & Sell is a website displaying the latest property selling and buying and
cancellation.
The Administrator will have additional functionalities as compared to the common user. The
Administrator will have all authorities about the project. He/She can manage all the back end
functionalities as well as the front end functionalities.

60
Chapter-8
REFERENCES & BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Google
 W3school
 Bootstrap.com
 Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach, seventh edition by Roger
Pressman 6th Edition.

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