PPT about 4G technology which I made for my college purpose.
PPT displays Evolution, Architecture, Working Procedure, Advantages and Disadvantages of 4T Technology.
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2. 4G Definition
4G is not one defined technology or
standard, but rather a collection of
technologies at creating fully packet-
switched networks optimized for data.
4G Networks are projected to provide
speed of 100Mbps while moving and
1Gbps while stationary.
3. 0G (Zero Generation Mobile System)
At the end of the 1940’s, the first radio telephone
service was introduced, and was designed to
users in cars to the public land-line based
telephone network.
In the 1960’s, a system launched by Bell
Systems, called, Improved Mobile Telephone
Service (IMTS), brought quite a few
improvements such as direct dialing and more
bandwidth. The very first analog systems were
based upon IMTS and were created in the late
60s and early 70s.
4. 1G Technology
1G refers to the first-generation of wireless
telephone technology was developed in
1970’s.
1G had two major improvements:
the invention of the microprocessor
the digital transform of the control link
between the phone and the cell site.
5. 2G Technology
Around 1980’s
Better quality & capacity - More people
could use there phones at the same
time
Digital Signals – consist of 0’s & 1’s
6. Previous Technology - 2G
Digital – consist of 0’s and 1’s
Digital signal:
1.Low level, 2.High level, 3.Rising edge
and 4.Falling edge
7. Advantages in Previous
Technology - 2G
The digital voice encoding allows digital
error checking
increase sound quality
lowers the noise level
Going all-digital allowed for the
introduction of digital data transfer
SMS –“short message service”
E-mail
8. Disadvantages in Previous
Technology - 2G
Cell towers had a limited coverage
area
Jagged Decay curve
Abrupt dropped calls
Analog –gradual sound reduction
“Spotty” coverage
9. 3G Technology
Large capacity and broadband capabilities
Allows the transmission of 384kbps for
mobile systems and up to 2Mbps
Increased spectrum efficiency –5Mhz
A greater number of users that can be
simultaneously supported by a radio frequency
bandwidth
High data rates at lower incremental cost than
2G–Global roaming
10. Previous Technology - 3G
CDMA –Code Division Multiple Access
Form of multiplexing
Does not divide up the channel by time or
frequency
Encodes data with a special code
associated with each channel
11.
12. What is 4G?
Fourth Generation Technology
Faster and more reliable
100 Mb/s
Lower cost than previous generations
Multi-standard wireless system
Bluetooth, Wired, Wireless
Ad Hoc Networking
IPv6 Core
OFDM used instead of CDMA
Potentially IEEE standard 802.11n
Most information is proprietary
13. Communications Architecture
Broadcast layer:
fix access points, (i.e.) cell tower
connected by fiber, microwave, or
satellite (ISP)
Ad-hoc/hot-spot layer:
wireless LANs (i.e. internet at Starbuck’s)
14. Communications Architecture
Personal Layer Gateway:
devices that connect to upper layers; cell phone,
fax, voice, data modem, MP3 players, PDAs
Info-Sensor layer:
environmental sensors
Fiber-optic wire layer:
high speed subterranean labyrinth of fiber optic
cables and repeaters
15. Ad Hoc Networks
Spontaneous self
organization of
networks of devices
Not necessarily
connected to internet
4G will create hybrid
wireless networks using
Ad Hoc networks
Form of mesh
networking–Very
reliable
16. Broadband access in Remote
location
4G will provide a wireless alternative
for broadband access
I will provide first opportunity for
broadband access in remote locations
without an infrastructure to support
cable or DSL access.
17. Enhance Mobile Gaming
Experience enhance wireless capabilities
that deliver mobile gaming interaction
with less than five seconds
Play online multi player games while
traveling at high speeds or sitting outside
18. Advantages
o Support for interactive multimedia, voice, streaming video, Internet, and
other broadband services
o IP based mobile system
o High speed, high capacity, and low cost per bit
o Global access, service portability, and scalable mobile services
o Seamless switching, and a variety of Quality of Service driven services
o Better scheduling and call admission control techniques
o Ad hoc and multi hop networks (the strict delay requirements of voice
make multi hop network service a difficult problem)
o Better spectral efficiency
o Seamless network of multiple protocols and air interfaces (since 4G will
be all ]IP, look for 4G systems to be compatible with all common
network technologies, including802.11, WCDMA, Blue tooth, and Hyper
LAN).
o An infrastructure to handle pre existing 3G systems along with other
wireless technologies, some of which are currently under development.
19. Disadvantages
1 Equipment has not been fully developed for
network
2 Network has more complex security issues
3 Network protocols and standardization have
not been defined
4 Not many areas have 4G service yet
5 Very expensive
21. On 4 June 2010, Sprint released the first
WiMAX Smartphone in the US, the HTC
Evo 4G
22. 1 On 10 April 2012, Bharti Airtel launched
4G LTE in Kolkata, first in India.
2 On 20 May 2012, Azerbaijan's biggest mobile
operator Azercell launched 4G LTE.
India
Bharti Airtel launched India's first 4G service,
using TD-LTE technology, in Kolkata on April 10,
2012.[75]
On June 2013 prior to the official launch in
Kolkata, a group consisting of China Mobile, Bharti
Airtel and SoftBank Mobile came together, called
Global TD-LTE Initiative (GTI) in Barcelona,
Spain and they signed the commitment towards
TD-LTE standards for the Asian region. It must be
noted that Bharti Airtel's 4G network does not
support mainstream 4G phones such as Samsung
Galaxy Note 3, Samsung Galaxy S4 and others.