More about Leadership styles and team leadership fitment

1. Which is true about me?
Played on the basketball team at
Vanderbilt University
Appeared on a national television show
to discuss research
Received an award for research
showing ways to improve medical care

2. My Favorite Leader….
In smalls groups of 3; each person
thinks about and shares the following
Describe the leader you most admire.
 Who is the person?
 What were his or her actions?
 How did followers react?
 This can be a close leader or someone you
have observed from a distance.

3. Great Man Leaders
Source of Power
 Organizational Position
 Physical Characteristics
Leader Behaviors
 Threats, Intimidation, Punishment
Follower Reactions
 Fear-based Compliance
 Dislike of Leader
Works for
 Short-term results
 Extreme situations

4. Transactional Leaders
Source of Power
 Position Power
 Ability to Reward
Leader Behaviors
 Making Deals, presenting incentives
 Negotiating, bargaining
Follower Reactions
 Calculative Compliance
Works for
 Short-term compliance
 Specific, mundane tasks

5. Transformational Leaders
Source of Power
 Referent Power, Personal Power
 Vision
Leader Behaviors
 Communication and Stories
 Relationship Building, Inspirational Appeals
Follower Reactions
 Commitment
Works for
 Crisis situations
 Facilitates change

6. Empowering Leaders
Source of Power
 Referent Power, Personal Power
 Expertise, particularly of followers
Leader Behaviors
 Modeling, Directed Participation, Confidence
Building
 Rational Persuasion
Follower Reactions
 Initial fear
 Ownership
Works for
 Long-term situations
 Creative tasks

7. A leader is best
When people barely know he exists,
Not so good when people obey and
acclaim him,
Worse when they despise him.
But of a leader, who talks little,
When his work is done, his aim fulfilled,
They will say:
We Did it ourselves.
 Lao Tzu

8. Empowerment
Information
Knowledge
Decision-making
Rewards
Personnel Actions
Empowerment-Employees
Hierarchy-Managers

9. A Key to Teams
Team leadership should be tailored to
fit the follower reaction that is desired
Start with the end in mind and work back to
identify appropriate leadership behavior
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10. Leadership’s Effect on Teams
Overpowering Leadership
Leader Behaviors:
Coercion, Reinforcement, Punishment,
Autocratic Decision Making, Structuring
Team Reactions:
Compliance, Conformance, Skepticism
Outcome:
Submissive Teams--Teams that acquiesce
to leader control
Powerless Leadership
Leader Behaviors:
Intermittent Structuring, Enforcing of
Sanctions, Psychological Distancing
Team Reactions:
Lack of Direction, Power Struggles
Outcome:
Alienated Teams--Teams and leaders
struggle for control
Power Building Leadership
Leader Behaviors:
Guidance, Encouragement, Delegation,
Reinforcement, Culture Building
Team Reactions:
Learning, Skill Development
Outcome:
Self-managing teams--Teams control
how work is done
Empowered Leadership
Leader Behaviors:
Modeling, Boundary Spanning,
Assisting
Team Reactions:
Self-direction, Ownership
Outcome:
Self-leading teams--Teams control
what work is and how it is done.
LEADER POWER ORIENTATION DemocraticAutocratic
LEADERINVOLVEMENTPassiveActive

11. Team-Level Autonomy
and Performance
highlow
Performance
3
4
5
Team Self-Leadership
Creative
Tasks
Routine
Tasks

12. Types of Teams
Authority Differentiation
 Is one person a leader or is the authority
shared among members?
Skill Differentiation
 Does each team member have a unique
skill set?
Temporal Stability
 How long will the team members work
together?

13. Matching Leadership to
Teams
Strong-Man Transactional Transformational Empowering
High Authority Differentiation
Short Time Frames
Low Authority Differentiation
Long Time Frames
Skill Differentiation?
Aversive
Directive
Critical nature of highest skill High expertise for followers
Clear Goals
Experienced Leaders
Vague Goals
Development Emphasis

14. A Key to Teams
Team-level autonomy should fit the
situation
Higher autonomy is needed when
conditions are uncertain and outcomes
need to be creative
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Individual and team-level autonomy are not equivalent.

15. The Big Picture
There are many different types of leadership
and each has the potential to create very
different outcomes
Remember leadership should match the team
in terms of
 Authority differentiation
 Skill differentiation
 Temporal stability
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