Introduce to internet1

1. Chapter III
Introduction to Internet

2. SLIDE PRESENT
CHAPTER I : USING OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY
CHAPTER II : INTRODUCE TO SOFTWARE
CHAPTER III: INTRODUCE TO INTERNET
CHAPTER IV: BUSINESS COMPUTING
CHAPTER V : INTRODUCE TO e-GOV, etc

3. Contents
Introduction to Intenet
Internet History
Internet Evolution
Internet Pioneer
Internet Growth
Lecture‟s Material
The Future of Internet
Internet Application
Internet Trends
Internet & Cloud Computing
Internet User
Contents 1 Contents 2

5. Do You Ever Heard This ?
• VICTORIAN INTERNET
– What Was the “Victorian Internet”
• The Telegraph
• Invented in the 1840s.
• Signals sent over wires that were
established over vast distances
• Used extensively by the U.S.
Government during the American
Civil War, 1861 - 1865
• Morse Code was dots and dashes,
or short signals and long signals
• The electronic signal standard of +/-
15 v. is still used in network
interface cards today.
Introduction

6. What Is Internet?
• Internet can be defined as:
– A network of networks, joining many government,
university and private computers together and providing
an infrastructure for the use of E-mail, bulletin boards, file
archives, hypertext documents, databases and other
computational resources
– The vast collection of computer networks which form and
act as a single huge network for transport of data and
messages across distances which can be anywhere from
the same office to anywhere in the world.
– The largest network of networks in the world.
– Uses TCP/IP protocols and packet switching .
– Runs on any communications substrate.
Introduction

7. What Can I Do On The
Internet ?
• Get Information
• Send and receive email and chat
• Join discussion groups and message
boards
• Get or exchange software and files
• Explore the World Wide Web
• Publish your own material on the web
Introduction

8. What Can I Do On The
Internet ?
Introduction

9. Who Owns The Internet?
• No organization, corporation, or
government owns or runs the Internet.
• Organizations work together to oversee
and standardize what happens on the
internet
• The equipment, the computers, cables,
routers, and so on, are owned by
government and private organizations.
Introduction

10. Does The Internet Create
Immediately?
• Other inventions in our history had to
happen in order for the Internet to be
created.
– Telegraph
– Radio
– Telephone
– Television
Introduction
No !!!

11. History of the Internet
• Brief History of the Internet
– 1968 - DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency) contracts with BBN (Bolt, Beranek & Newman)
to create ARPAnet
– 1970 - First five nodes: UCLA, Stanford, UC Santa
Barbara, U of Utah, and BBN
– 1974 - TCP specification by Vint Cerf
– 1984 – On January 1, the Internet with its 1000 hosts
converts en masse to using TCP/IP for its messaging
InternetHistory

12. A Brief History of the Internet:
The Precursors I
“Computers,” so to speak, have been around for
thousands of years. So have networks (social
networks, that is). It‟s only recently that they
have come together so forcefully, altering social
life as we knew it basically overnight.
From the earliest abacus to the jacquard loom
that led to punch card technology, computers
that became permanently networked emerged in
the 1960s. (click here for interactive abacus)
InternetHistory

13. A Brief History of the Internet:
The Precursors II
Computers were an integral part of World War II. Their
adoption as military technology created the first steps
into computer networking, creating the first pattern of the
Internet in the late 1960s.
Technology development and the dependence on
computers in both academic and business institutions in
the 1980s increased public awareness and access to
computers generally
1991, when Tim Berners-Lee introduced HTML, the
World Wide Web (WWW), and Mosaic (which became
Netscape Navigator).
InternetHistory

14. 1958: ARPA, the Advanced Research Projects
Agency, is created by the U.S. Defense
Department in response to the 1957 Sputnik
launch.
1962: IPTO, the Information processing Techniques
Office, a branch of ARPA, creates the
ARPANET under the leadership of Joseph
Licklider (MIT), a minor program designed to
stimulate research in interactive computing.
A Brief History of the
Internet: The Timeline
InternetHistory

15. 1969: The ARPANET utilizes “packet switching”
technology developed in part by Paul Baran
of the RAND Corporation. The first 5
nodes in the network link UCLA, UCSB,
Stanford, and Univ. of Utah and BBN
1972-4: The network expands to 15 nodes, and
standardization of communication protocols
ensues – TCP, or “transmission control
protocol”, is developed and by 1978 the IP
(inter-networking protocol) is added by Vint
Cerf of Stanford, creating the network
standard used today, TCP/IP. In 1974, the
UNIX operating system is released by Bell labs, and
set widely at universities. This begins the open source
movement”.
A Brief History of the
Internet
InternetHistory

16. 1977-78: U. Chicago students Christensen and Suess create
MODEM software, and in 1978 they create the
Computer Bulletin Board System (BBS), modeled after
office bulletin boards used for public messaging.
1981-83: From the first BBS idea sprouted the
USENET, a message system for the
ARPA network, IBMs version,
BITNET, used widely on college
campuses and a private BBS,
FIDONET (Tom Jennings), still widely
used today (with 3 million subscribers).
A Brief History of the
Internet
InternetHistory

17. 1983-88: MILNET, the military branch of the
internet, splits off from ARPA-INTERNET for
security purposes. In 1984, the National
Science Foundation starts NSFNET, and by
1990 it replaces the obsolete ARPANET
using the same “backbone” infrastructure.
1990: The Internet goes private, with a number of
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) being
created by business enterprises, most
notably AOL (America Online).
A Brief History of the
Internet
InternetHistory

18. 1991: Working at CERN, a high-energy physics lab
in Switzerland, Tim Berners-Lee creates the World
Wide Web, which utilizes - Hypertext Markup Language
(html), - Hypertext Transport Protocol (http), and - URLs
(Uniform Resource Locators).
1993- : MOSAIC, the first “web browser”, is created
at the Univ. of Illinois, which later becomes
Netscape Navigator. Microsoft enters the
market late in 1995 with their Internet
Explorer browser.
A Brief History of the
Internet
InternetHistory

19. Evolution of the Internet
InternetEvolution
1945 1995
Memex
Conceived
1945
WWW
Created
1989
Mosaic
Created
1993
A
Mathematical
Theory of
Communication
1948
Packet
Switching
Invented
1964
Silicon
Chip
1958
First Vast
Computer
Network
Envisioned
1962
ARPANET
1969
TCP/IP
Created
1972
Internet
Named
and
Goes
TCP/IP
1984
Hypertext
Invented
1965
Age of
eCommerce
Begins
1995

20. Evolution of the Internet
InternetEvolution
1995 2010
Internet
Marketing
Began to Rise
1995
Facebook,
Flicker
Created
2004
Twitter
Created
2006
Google Beta
Launched
1998
Browser Wars
Netscape vs IE;
Flash Was
Introduced
1996
Internet
market
Crash
2000
Internet
Corporation
Merger,
Wikipedia
Created
2001
Napster was
Introduced;
26.4 million
users
worldwide
1999
Age of
Internet
Mobile
2009-2010
My Space,
Youtube
Created
2005

21. Internet Evolution
• From Simple, But Significant Ideas Bigger Ones Grow
1940s to 1969
1945 1969
We can access
information using
electronic computers
We do it reliably with “bits”,
sending and receiving data
We can do it cheaply by using
Digital circuits etched in silicon.
We can accomplish a lot by having a
vast network of computers to use for
accessing information and exchanging ideas
We will prove that packet switching
works over a WAN.
Packet switching can be used to
send digitized data though
computer networks
Hypertext can be used to allow
rapid access to text data
InternetEvolution

22. Internet Evolution
• From Simple, But Significant Ideas Bigger Ones Grow
1970s to 1995
1970 1995
Ideas from
1940s to 1969
We need a protocol for Efficient
and Reliable transmission of
Packets over a WAN: TCP/IP
The ARPANET needs to convert to
a standard protocol and be renamed to
The Internet
Computers connected via the Internet can be used
more easily if hypertext links are enabled using HTML
and URLs: it‟s called World Wide Web
The World Wide Web is easier to use if we have a browser that
To browser web pages, running in a graphical user interface context.
Great efficiencies can be accomplished if we use
The Internet and the World Wide Web to conduct business.
InternetEvolution

23. Internet Evolution
• From Simple, But Significant Ideas Bigger Ones Grow
1995s to 2010
1995 2010
There are Approximately
73,500 Servers; WWW is
Generally Equated
with the Internet
The First Wiki, Flash Invented,
Amazon.com is Founded
Web 2.0
Cloud Computing, Pervasive Computing,
Ubiquitous Computing
Internet Mobile
InternetEvolution

24. Internet Creation?
• The creation of the Internet solved the
following challenges:
– Basically inventing digital networking as we know it
– Survivability of an infrastructure to send / receive high-
speed electronic messages
– Reliability of computer messaging
InternetPioneer

25. Internet Creation?
• Tribute to the Internet Pioneers
– The Internet we know and love today, would not exist
without the hard work of a lot of bright people.
– The technologies and standards they created make
today‟s Internet and World Wide Web possible.
– They deserve recognition and our gratitude for changing
the world with the Internet.
– In this presentation, we will identify and pay tribute to
several of the people who made the Internet and the
World Wide Web possible
InternetPioneer

26. The Internet Pioneers
• Vannevar Bush: Developer and Founder ARPANET
• Claude Shannon : Published a”A Mathematical Theory of Communication”
• J.C.R. Licklider: Developed the concepts that led to the idea of the Netizen.
• Paul Baran: Developed the field of packet switching networks while conducting
research at the historic RAND organization.
• Ted Nelson: Created Xanadu, was to be a world-wide electronic publishing system
• Leonard Kleinrock: Pioneers of digital network communications, and helped build
the early ARPANET.
• Lawrence Roberts: ARPANET program manager, and led the overall system design.
• Steve Crocker: Internet and computer security expert
• Jon Postel: Policeman of Internet Standards
• Vinton Cerf: Co-designer of the TCP/IP networking protocol
• Robert Khan: Co-designer of the TCP/IP networking protocol
• Christian Huitema: “Architect" in the "Windows Networking & Communications" group
• Brian Carpenter: Worked on the IPv6 Task Force
• Tim Berners-Lee: in 1989 he invented the World Wide Web
• Mark Andersen: Co Author Inventor of Mosaic- First Web Browser
InternetPioneer

27. What Is WWW?
• WWW stands for World Wide Web
– is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed
via the Internet;
– With a web browser, one can view web pages that may
contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and
navigate between them by using hyperlinks;
InternetPioneer

28. Internet Growth
• Iinternet statistics:
– 1977: 111 hosts on Internet
– 1981: 213 hosts
– 1983: 562 hosts
– 1984: 1,000 hosts
– 1986: 5,000 hosts
– 1987: 10,000 hosts
– 1989: 100,000 hosts
– 1992: 1,000,000 hosts
– 2001: 150 – 175 million hosts
– 2002: over 200 million hosts
– By 2010, about 80% of the planet will be on the Internet
InternetGrowth

29. Internet Growth
InternetGrowth

30. Internet Growth
InternetGrowth

31. Internet Growth
InternetGrowth

32. Internet Growth
InternetGrowth

34. A Brief History of
Communication
TheFutureofInternet

35. The Internet
TheFutureofInternet

36. The World Wide Web
TheFutureofInternet

37. The Internet Exploded
TheFutureofInternet

38. It Exploded in All Directions
TheFutureofInternet

39. ….And Included Everyone
TheFutureofInternet

40. The Internet is Changing
TheFutureofInternet

41. The Internet is Changing How
We Live
TheFutureofInternet

42. How Internet Change Our
Live?
• Interacting Each Other
• Communication
• Learning
• Travelling
• Business
• Government
• Entertainment, etc
TheFutureofInternet

43. How Can We Explore The
Internet?
InternetApplication

44. Search Engine
InternetApplication

45. Electronic Mail
InternetApplication
Gmail
Yahoo!Mail
Hotmail
PlasaMail

46. Social Networking
InternetApplication

47. Photo Sharing
InternetApplication

48. Video Sharing
InternetApplication

49. Online Chatting
InternetApplication

50. Document Sharing
InternetApplication

51. Online Storage
InternetApplication

52. Online Collaboration
InternetApplication

53. Blogging
InternetApplication

54. Electronic Commerce
InternetApplication

55. Internet Trend
• These are the list of internet trends
(Morgan Stanley Research, 2008):
– Usage Patterns
– Social Networking
– Widget-ization + Component-ization
– Measurability + Transparency + Customer Satisfaction
– Video
– Monetization
– Mobile
– Emerging Markets
– Recession
InternetTrend

56. Internet Trend
• These are the list of internet trends
(Morgan Stanley Research, 2010):
– Mobile Internet – Unprecedented Early Stage Growth
– Innovation – Unprecedented Intensity?
– Online Advertising – May Be Entering Golden Age,
Finally
– Online Commerce – Mobile Should Be Share Gain
Accelerator
– Communications – Share Shift to Sharing
– „Cloud Computing‟ – Consumer First, Enterprise Next
– Technology – What‟s Next…
– Beyond Technology – It‟s Complicated…
InternetTrend

57. Changes in Usage Pattern
InternetTrend

58. Changes in Usage Pattern
InternetTrend

59. Changes in Usage Pattern
InternetTrend

60. Changes in Usage Pattern
InternetTrend
• Social Networking
Fast Growth – Low Penetration.

61. Changes in Usage Pattern
InternetTrend
• Next Generation Assets – YouTube + Facebook + Skype +
PayPal

62. Changes in Usage Pattern
InternetTrend
• Internet + Personal Sources = Most Importance Sources of
Information (Essence of a Social Network)

63. Social Networking
InternetTrend

64. Social Networking
InternetTrend
• Social Networking – Connectivity Changing…Is E-Mail
Becoming Archaic?

65. Social Networking
InternetTrend
•Communications – Social Networking > Email
Usage…(Internet Trend, 2010)

66. InternetTrend
•iGoogle + Yahoo! Mobile
Widget-ization + Component-ization

67. InternetTrend
•The BBC! – @ www.bbc.com + Facebook + YouTube…
Widget-ization + Component-ization

68. Widget-ization + Component-ization
InternetTrend

69. InternetTrend
•Media Time Spent vs. Ad Spend Still Out of Whack Internet /
Mobile (upside…) vs. Newspaper / Magazine / TV (downside…)
Online Advertising

70. InternetTrend
•Average Online CPMs = Still Well Below Other Media,
Illustrating Upside Potential
Online Advertising

71. InternetTrend
•Average Online CPMs = Still Well Below Other Media,
Illustrating Upside Potential
Online Advertising

72. InternetTrend
•Personalization + Targeting Improvements – Driving Material
Revenue
Measurability + Transparency +
Customer Satisfaction

73. InternetTrend
•Yahoo! Display + Home Page Growth Accelerating Showing
Online Targeting / Personalization Improving
Measurability + Transparency +
Customer Satisfaction

74. InternetTrend
•Google Data Center
Measurability + Transparency +
Customer Satisfaction

75. InternetTrend
Video

76. InternetTrend
Video

77. InternetTrend
Video

78. InternetTrend
Monetization
•US Internet Ad Spend = $288 Per Home vs. $818 for
Newspapers?

79. InternetTrend
Monetization
•Ad Inventory Monetization – Upside Potential Though Lots of
„New‟ Inventory (Social Networking + Video) to Process

80. InternetTrend
•Average Online CPMs = Still Well Below Other Media,
Illustrating Upside Potential
Monetization