1. Learning by drawing Hannie Gijlers, Alieke van Dijk & Armin Weinberger Met dank aan: Wouter van Joolingen, Lars Bollen, Frank Leenaars & Wout Kenbeek

6. Combining drawings Individual drawing student 2 Individual drawing student 1 Joint drawing

8. PROCEDURE 10 min. Questionnaires and Test 10 min. Questionnaires and Test 10 min. Questionnaires and Test 13 min. 9 min. 13 min. Individual phase Selection phase Discussion and collaboration 35 min. Collaborative drawing phase w ith additional prompting 35 min. Collaborative drawing phase 10 min Second concept recognition test First open recall test 10 min Second concept recognition test First open recall test 10 min Second concept recognition test First open recall test 15 min. Introduction to Photosynthesis 15 min. Introduction to Photosynthesis 15 min. Introduction to Photosynthesis 5 min First concept recognition test 5 min First concept recognition test 5 min First concept recognition test 35 min. Instruction, Training & Practice 35 min. Instruction, Training & Practice 35 min. Instruction, Training & Practice Time Phase Time Phase Time Phase Scripted Awareness + prompts Control

9. Collaborative drawing

10. Collaborative drawing: selection proces

11. Data Sources and variables Data Sources Variables Tests Concept recognition test, essay questions Audio and video recordings and learners’ drawings Students’ discussions and joint (final) drawings Pen & Paper Post-Tests : Concept recognition, essay questions, Control variables : age; schoolclass; gender Processes : participation; epistemic activities; transactivity; drawing quality Outcomes : individual knowledge acquisition

12. Example drawings

13. Example drawings