3. Crop
Crop : Wheat
Kingdom : Plantae
Clade : Angiosperms,Monocots,Commelinids
Order : Poales
Family : Poaceae
Subfamily: Pooideae
Tribe : Triticeae
Genus : Triticum
Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a
cereal grain which is a worldwide staple food. There
are many species of wheat which together make up
the genus Triticum; the most widely grown is
common wheat (T. aestivum). The archaeological
record suggests that wheat was rst cultivated in
the regions of the Fertile Crescent around 9600 BCE.
Botanically, the wheat kernel is a type of fruit called
a caryopsis. Wheat is grown on more land area than
any other food crop (220.4 million hectares, 2014).
World trade in wheat is greater than for all other
crops combined. In 2016, world production of wheat
was 749 million tonnes, making it the second most-
producedcerealaftermaize.
4. Harmful Weeds
Among monocot weeds Phalaris minor
(gehunsa) is the major weed in most of the
wheat elds. In certain localities, the
intensity of this weed is so high that it has
become rather impossible to grow wheat
crops. This weed belongs to family
gramineae. On an average, each plant of this
weed produces 10000 to 30000 seeds. It
merges with the germination of wheat and
resembles wheat seedlings to a large extent.
Therefore, it is very difcult to recognize this
weedin its initial stage.
Binomial name : Phalaris minor
Kingdom : Plantae
Order : Poales
Family : Poaceae
Genus :
:
Phalaris
Species P. minor
5. Harmful Weeds
Chenopodium Sp. is a fast-growing weedy annual
plant in the genus Chenopodium. Though
cultivated in some regions, the plant is elsewhere
considered a weed. Common names include
lamb's quarters, melde, goosefoot and fat-hen,
though the latter two are also applied to other
species of the genus Chenopodium, for which
reason it is often distinguished as white
goosefoot. It is sometimes also called pigweed.
However, pigweed is also a name for a few weeds
in the family Amaranthaceae. It is for example
usedfortheredrootpigweed.
Binomial name : Chenopodium album
Order : Caryophyllales
Family : Amaranthaceae
Genus :
:
Chenopodium
Species C. album
6. Harmful Weeds
Coronopos didymum is a small herb developed in
rosette on the ground, dark green in color. It gives off a
strong and unpleasant smell when it is crushed. The
stem is prostrate on the ground then erect. It is hairy
and much branched, especially at the base. Leaves are
arranged alternately along the stem. They are much
divided, terminal division being of greater size than
lateral divisions. Flowers are small and green. They
are regrouped in dense clusters, directly inserted on
the stem. The fruit forms a small green ball consisting
of two verucose halves. It contains two seeds isolated
by a constriction. It does not open at maturity or are
separatedintwoparts.
Binomial name : Coronopus didymus
Order : Brassicales
Family : Brassicaceae
Genus :
:
Lepidium
Species C. didymum
7. Harmful Weeds
Melilotus, known as melilot, sweet clover, and
kumoniga is a genus in the family Fabaceae . Members
are known as common grassland plants and as weeds
of cultivated ground. Originally from Europe and Asia,
it is now found worldwide. His annual or biennial plant
is 3-8' tall, branching occasionally and having a lanky
appearance. The light green stems are round or
slightly terete and glabrous. The alternate leaves are
trifoliate; they are rather sparsely distributed along the
stems and have petioles up to 1" long. The greyish
green leaets are up to 1" long and 1/3" (8 mm.)
across. They are hairless, dentate along the upper
margins, and oblong or oblong-ovate. There are a pair
of small narrow stipules at the base of each trifoliate
leaf's petiole. The middle leaet has a conspicuous
petiole of its own , while the lateral leaets are nearly
sessile.
Binomial name : Melilotus albus
Order : Fabales
Family : Fabaceae
Genus : Melilotus
8. Harmful Weeds
Melilotus, known as melilot, sweet clover, and
kumoniga is a genus in the family Fabaceae . Members
are known as common grassland plants and as weeds
of cultivated ground. Originally from Europe and Asia,
it is now found worldwide. His annual or biennial plant
is 3-8' tall, branching occasionally and having a lanky
appearance. The light green stems are round or
slightly terete and glabrous. The alternate leaves are
trifoliate; they are rather sparsely distributed along the
stems and have petioles up to 1" long. The greyish
green leaets are up to 1" long and 1/3" (8 mm.)
across. They are hairless, dentate along the upper
margins, and oblong or oblong-ovate. There are a pair
of small narrow stipules at the base of each trifoliate
leaf's petiole. The middle leaet has a conspicuous
petiole of its own , while the lateral leaets are nearly
sessile.
Binomial name : Anagallis arvensis
Order : Ericales
Family : Primulaceae
Genus :
:
Anagallis
A. arvensisSpecies
9. Recommendation
Crop Weed species Dosage/ acre
Time of
Application
Wheat
Phalaris minor, Chenopodium sp.
Medicago denticulata, Coronopos
dedymus, Rumex spp. Melilotus
alba, Anagallis arvensis
16 gm
2-4 leaf stages
of weed or
normally 30-35
days after
transplanting.
