The Eco System, Education and Libraries

1. Emerging trends in Librarianship
H Anil Kumar
Librarian, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad
June 18, 2014

2. OUTLINE
• Ecosystem
• Education
• Libraries

3. The Open Ecosystem

4. www.opensocietyfoundations.org/

5. www.opengovpartnership.org

6. http://www.openscholarship.org

11. okfn.org/opendata/

13. https://index.okfn.org/

22. http://www.openscholar.org.uk/open-peer-review/

24. http://www.peerageofscience.org/

26. • The proportion of the UK’s total annual research
output that was available through open access in
2012 was about 40%, compared to a worldwide
average of 20%.
• The latest data from the UK Open Access
Implementation Group shows that 35% of the UK’s
total research outputs are freely provided through
Green, through an existing network of more than
200 active institutional and disciplinary repositories
• Inevitable
• All agree that it is needed but….funding!
• Unsustainable subs

27. Serials expenditures have been rising at approximately
triple the rate of the consumer price index over this time

28. Current business model in the
scholarly publishing
• Currently, public funds are used three times in the research process
– to pay the academics who conduct the research
– to pay the salaries of the academics who conduct the peer review process
– to pay for access to this research through institutional journal subscriptions
• UK HE libraries
– More than £150m subscriptions annually
– Yet cannot afford to access all the research that is needed
• Are we being charged more or less than another – No idea
– The power to negotiate is driven down
• There is mounting concern that the financial benefits from the Government’s
substantial investment in research are being diverted to an excessive degree
into the pockets of publishers’ shareholders.

31. http://www.opendoar.org/

32. http://roar.eprints.org/

42. Emerging Trends
• Technology and Hole in the wall
• The power of the Internet and GOOGLE
• Joyning, Betterment and Jailbreaking

43. Hole in the wall
Self-Organized Learning Environments (SOLEs)

44. Technology Advantages
• Learn at your own pace and interest
• Supplement learning in the classroom
• Less dependency on formal support
• Variety and wide range of choices
• Explore new ways of learning

45. Beware of too much of technology
• Internet is connecting everyone – micro-communities
• Inclusive – digital divide – smart gap
• Easy to search and navigation
• Democratic and no monopoly –
GoogleFacebookYoutubeYahooLinkedinTwitterSkype
• Tech Savvy
• New economy – more profits
• Pushing information that you like and not what you want!!!
The Information Revolution’s Broken Promises by Karl Albrecht (The Futurist, Mar-Apr 2014, 22-28 pp.)

56. Government Initiatives in Education
• Improve Access
– More institutions
– Improve infrastructure
– E-learning
– Improve GER
• Improve quality
– Entry - admissions
– Experience
• Design - curriculum
• Delivery – pedagogy
• Choice based credits
• Teacher training
• Learning materials
– Evaluation
• Learning focus
• Application orientation
• Grades vs marks

65. India and education
• Education
– Identify what to get educated on
– Identify which institution provides it
– Apply –Exam - Admission – Fees
– Coursework – Exam – Certificate (credible)
• Education today
– Too many applicants and too few seats
– India GER is a little over 19%
– Unemployable – skill deficiency
– Employer is educating!
• Quality of education
– Lack of access to
• Teachers
• Courses
• Information Resources
• Something wrong in pedagogy
– Low reading – Academically adrift
– 5% learning in the classroom

67. Learning and education
• Formal methods
– Classroom training
– Laboratory training
– On the job or apprenticeship
• Non-formal methods
– Self-study and Reading
– Watching, seeing and trying
• Sources
– Institutes / schools / industries / employers
– Libraries and laboratories
– Internet

68. Libraries

69. Why go beyond formal methods?
• The 95 Percent Solution: School is not where most Americans learn most
of their science by John H. Falk and Lynn D. Dierking
• Recent findings challenge the longstanding belief that the place for
science knowledge acquisition is the classroom.
• International comparisons of trends in science knowledge over lifetimes
suggests that much if not most science knowledge is acquired outside of
school.
American Scientist: v. 98 (Nov-Dec), 2010

71. A Magazine Is an iPad That Does Not Work.m4v.mp4

72. • The prison industry needs to plan
its future growth –
how many cells are they going to
need?
How many prisoners are there going
to be, 15 years from now?
• And they found they could predict
it very easily, using a pretty simple
algorithm, based on asking what
percentage of 10 and 11-year-olds
couldn't read. And certainly
couldn't read for pleasure.

73. • Well-meaning adults can easily destroy a child's love of reading: stop them reading what they
enjoy, or give them worthy-but-dull books that you like, the 21st-century
equivalents of Victorian "improving" literature. You'll wind up with a generation
convinced that reading is uncool and worse, unpleasant.
• China in 2007, at the first party-approved science fiction and fantasy
convention in Chinese history.
• It's simple, he told me. The Chinese were brilliant at making things if other people brought them
the plans. But they did not innovate and they did not
invent. They did not imagine. So they sent a delegation to the US, to
Apple, to Microsoft, to Google, and they asked the people there who were inventing the future
about themselves.
• And they found that all of them had read science
fiction when they were boys or girls.

78. Universities, ours and theirs
Krishna Kumar (in The Hindu, August 9, 2012)
• Recruitment of faculty
• Concept of teaching (periods)
• Concept of knowledge – research
• Library
• The fourth critical difference lies in the library. In the West, even in the
most ordinary universities, the library forms the centre of life, both for
teachers and students. Librarians enjoy a high status as their contribution
to academic life cuts across academic disciplines…..

79. Issues and challenges for libraries…
• Space is of prime importance.
• Open movement is here!
– Content – Data – Technology – Education – Talent
• Technology trend - cloud and mobile would affect the interface.
• Library Services – collection owning / building to collection access.
• Library talent will move from so called traditional work to actually
Traditional WORK – ‘Help Discover’.
• Focus on domain expertise as the reference queries would be
multidisciplinary.
• Entrepreneurship will also become important in all domains of education.
• Research in the context India is becoming very important and therefore IR
will become extremely useful.
• In this context need for data that is India specific would increase.
• Move from support to partnering roles!

80. THANKS
anilkumar@iimahd.ernet.in