Tony Chan is a Certified Practicing Planner (Australia), has a Bachelor’s degree in Town Planning (Honours) and a Master’s degree in Built Environment (Sustainable Development) from the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia. He is also a LEED Accredited Practitioner and has accumulated over 15 years of project experiences in Australia, Hong Kong, Malaysia, China and India. He was a founding member of Arup’s Planning team in Shanghai and currently leads the team from there. His work focuses primarily on the integrated urban development, urban design and project management processes. His expertise lies in integrating master planning and urban design with associated strategies (Energy, Water, Transportation, Waste etc.) to address natural resource consumption and carbon reduction.

1. 8th August 2013
Tony Chan
Green Drinks China
Low Carbon Developments in China- An Arup Experience

2. Driver - Climate Change/ Global Warming

10. Surging GHG Emissions – In 2010 CO2
emissions was the biggest amount on record
(higher than the worse case scenario by IPCC)
Increased future sea level rise – 2x more than
projected by working group of AR4. As high as
2m by 2100.
Global temperature increase – 2x temperature
increase (5.2degrees C compared to 2.4
degrees before)
Ocean Acidification – CO2 dissolving to form
What’s happened since 2006?

12. Low Carbon Developments - China

13. 1985
Urbanization
24% 52%
2012

14. Based on current trends, by 2025:
• Close to One Billion people in urban
centres by 2025.

15. HSBC, 2011

16. HSBC, 2011

17. HSBC, 2011

18. Energy Consumption % increased between 2000-2010
340% 240%Electricity consumption CO2 Emission
* Electricity consumption increased by 135% in 2012 compared to that in 2010
195%Oil consumption

19. Largest GHG emitter in total terms
(29% of world’s total)
Largest Energy Producer
2nd Largest Energy Consumer
2nd Largest Oil Consumer
China - Carbon & Energy Use

20. Per Capita CO2 Emission by Sector in 2010(IEA, 2010)

21. Reduce Carbon Intensity by 40-45% by
2020 - compared to 2005 levels (State
Council, 2009 – First time having specific
carbon emissions target).
12th 5 Year Plan - Reduce Carbon
Intensity by 17% by end 2015
China’s Carbon Targets

22. China High Speed Rail (>200km/hr average)
– 9,300km (Dec 2012)
Urban Metro Transit Systems – 17 cities
(2013)
Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Systems – About
30 systems nationally
Alternative Fuel Systems & Energy Efficient
Public Transport Initiatives

23. Urban Metro (excl Light Rail Systems)
4 lines in 3 cities 55 lines in 17
cities (excl HK)
87 lines in 25
cities
1995 2013 2015

24. Arup Sustainability Tools

25. Eco-Footprint, Integrated Resource Management Model +
SPeAR & other Carbon Tools

26. • Sustainability Benefits Modelling
The Adelaide City’s Integrated Design
Commission appointed Arup, to evaluate
the relative performance of three plausible
development futures for a city block within
Adelaide city and measured using Arup’s
Optimix methodology.
* Site
Urban IQ

28. Indicators and Measures
VIBRANCY
HEALTH
SMALL
FOOTPRINT
23 measures under the 4 themes of vibrancy, health, smaller footprint and resilience.
RESILIENCE

29. Associate typologies to model
Assign factors based on indicators to
typologies through GIS
Calculation outputs of indicators
based on typologies through GIS
Build design scenarios in 3d
Modeling process

31. Arup Case Studies – Ningbo Climate Resillience,
Changxindian Zoning Plan, Shanghai Expo & Zero Carbon

34. Urban System Plan National Urban System Plan
Provincial Urban System Plan
Proposed Low Carbon &
Sustainable Zoning Codes
3. Originality
Urban Masterplan City Urban System Plan
City Masterplan
Regulatory Plan
Site Plan
Indicators
Detailed Plan
Green Building
Renewable Energy
Water Resource
Microclimate
Green Infrastructure
1. Land Use
2. Land Area
3. Plot Ratio
4. Building Density
5. Building Height
6. Greening Rate
7. Car Parking

35. World Bank Climate Resilient City
- Ningbo

36. Developed an Urban Resilience Methodology:
Hazard Assessment. Risks like temperature rise,
precipitation, etc. at different climate change
scenarios were quantitatively forecasted.
City Vulnerability Assessment explored five
qualitative indicators – people, infrastructure,
economy, environment and government to represent
the overall city to examine the city’s ability against
identified risks.
Gap Analysis had two comprehensive inventories
– natural disaster and policy and program.
70 plus recommendations were identified with
priority needs for short, medium and long-term
World Bank – Ningbo Climate
Resilience Project

37. Changxindian Zoning Plan,
Beijing

38. 50%reduction in
CO2 emission
compared to BAU
Domestic water use
to be less than 110
litres/ p/d
Reduce domestic
waste generation to
0.8kg/p/day
100%of residents
within 400m of public
transport stops
At least 15%of
energy supply from
renewable energy
At least 15% of
residential development
for social housing
Changxing Low Carbon Community
Setting targets

39. Innovative Zoning Plan
500 hectares site south-west of Beijing city
Innovative approach to incorporate low carbon &
sustainable planning conditions into statutory zoning
plans.
First of its kind in the China urban planning system.

40. Shanghai World Expo Site –
Low Carbon Strategy Plan

41. Urban Best Practice Area (UBPA) – 0.15km2
Shanghai World Expo Site – 5.3km2
0 300 600 1500m
Shanghai EXPO
UBPA

42. Building
Infrastructure
Transportation
Energy Supply
Energy saving
Energy supply structure
Energy use
Operation energy
cost
Fuel cost
Carbon sink
Energy
consumption
Emission
Green space carbon sink
• Preparing Low Carbon Indicators and Construction Guidelines plus Cost-Benefit Analysis.
• LEED ND (Platinum) for UBPA site
• Start Up Area – Urban Best Practice Area (UBPA) Site as well as Overall Low Carbon
Strategy for entire Expo site (5km2).

43. Low carbon park management
• Low carbon plan
• Land development indicator
• Carbon emission monitoring
• Energy management
• Carbon trade
• Educational promotion
Low carbon business
• Business carbon emission report
• Employee low carbon handbook
• Energy saving incentives
Low carbon living
• Residents low carbon
handbook
• Low carbon life style
Operation
management
Community planning
• Community services
• Accessible facilities
• Open space
• Public transport
• Public services
Regional energy supply
• Clean energy ratio
Transportation
• Public transport ratio
• Non motorised transport
• Pedestrian paths
Building energy
• New building
• Existing building
• Green building ratio
Renewable energy
• Renewable energy ratio
Low carbon development
• Local policy tackling
climate change
• Local green building
standards
• Total emission
• Emission per unit area
• Energy consumption
per building area
Water
• Water saving equipments
• Non-traditional water source
• Rainwater sink and use
• Surface water quality
Green space
• Plant ratio
• Local plant index
Waste reuse
• Living waste collection
• Construction waste recycling
Microclimate
• Heat island
Building material
• Recyclable material ratio
• Reusable material ratio
• Construction material produced
within 500km
4 categories、41 indicators
Local policy Carbon Effect
* Note: indicators assessed in UBPA marked in red
Low Carbon Indicator System

44. New buildings energy saving rate 60%
Existing buildings energy saving rate 55%
Reused water use ratio 15%
Renewable energy ratio 20%
Rainwater Infiltration and use 85%
Open Space ratio 40%
Green buildings proportion 100%
Buildings
Energy
supply
Water
Green
space
Low Carbon Measures in the UBPA Site

45. 18 buildings (unchanged or modified) within UBPA
14 Low carbon technologies currently in use:
• Solar panel electricity generation
• Solar panel hot water
• Solar panel cooling
• Vertical wind power electricity generation
• Horizontal wind power electricity generation
• Biomass fuel
• Fuel cell electricity generation
• River water-source heat pump
• Building material energy saving
• Building structure energy saving
• Ventilation system energy saving
• LED lighting energy saving
• Rainwater collection and reuse
• Waste recycling

46. Zero Carbon Building Projects

47. 20 years of learning & sharing
on Zero Carbon Masterplans &
Projects
HK Science
Park
Barangaroo
Sydney
Vanke Green Building
Park Beijing
Upton
Square
Jubilee Wharf,
Penryn
BowZED
ZEDfactory
Stratford
City
Barratt GreenhouseKingspan
Lighthouse
Earth Centre
Conference
Building
Hanham Hall
BedZED
Dongtan
Samsung Zero
Energy House
Pennbury Eco-
town
HK CIC
ZCB

48. Moving research into delivery
• 20 years of testing: what works + what does not
• Economics is key to moving forward
• Mass adoption cannot afford BAU+10% cost
• Identifying combinations to solve this
• Partnering for implementation demo
• Deliver real examples for changing policies, codes &
expectations
HK Science
Park
Barangaroo
Sydney

49. Hong Kong CIC Zero Carbon
Architect: Ronald Lu & Partners
• On site zero-carbon
• Passive before active systems
• Nat vent for 34% yr

50. D-01
ZCBuilding Strategies
Output of PV panels

51. Energy Modelling for ZCB
Passive
Design Ac-ve
Design Low
&
Zero
Carbon
Technologies
Photovoltaic
Panels
and
Biodiesel
used
to
supply
remaining
energy
needs

54. Beijing Green Building Park -
Visitors Centre
Client : Vanke
Architect: Ian Bogle
Conference, exhibition, R&D offices
• Carbon Neutral
• BREEAM ‘Outstanding’
• Advanced passive design
• Natural Ventilation for 40% year
Mech plant 25% of BAU size
Energy
Reduction
‘Super-insulation’
• Triple glazing
• High air-tightness
• Night passive cooling
• Low energy design fitout
• Stack vent for high heat gain rooms
增加自然通风时段
Increase Natural Vent
增加自然通风时段
Increase Natural Vent
Energy Systems
• Micro-renewable CHP
• Activated thermal mass
• Labyrinth for ventilation pre-conditioning
• Very low pressure pumps fans

55. Comparison between Visitors Centre reduced size of plant
compared with a business-as-usual base-case.
4300m2 GFA
Summer 34ºC 65% RH
Uses: Visitor facilities
Conference
Exhibition
R&D offices
PAU
m3/s
Chiller
kW
Heat Rejection
kW
Boiler /CHP
kW(th)
4300m2 GFA
Summer 34ºC 65% RH
Uses: Visitor facilities
Conference
Exhibition
R&D offices
Base-case 6.75 549
127 W/m2
671 437
101 W/m2
Design 4.47 100
23 W/m2
143 126
29 W/m2
Reductions -34% -82% -78% -71%

56. Set quantifiable & verifiable
targets separately with specialist
advice & training for each stage
Maintaining Innovation Through to Delivery
• Client ……..…..............……………
• Design team …...........……...
• Detailed designers….. ....
• Construction Managers.......
• Contractors ….………
• Suppliers …………

57. Hong Kong 40 Storey Office Tower
- Zero Carbon for Zero extra Capital Cost
Aims to rewrite:
• Rewrite conventional design principles
• Rewrite Passive design principles
• Rewrite Fitout standards
• Rewrite planning & policy
• Rewrite building environmental Assessment method
• Rewrite expectations for all the stakeholders

And establish a new standard for sustainability.
What’s next? Carbon Negative?
Can this be
naturally
ventilated?
Integrated Arup design scope including:
 Concept design
 Fitout brief
 Building planning
 Initial cost advice
 Detailed design
 Construction drawings & specifications
 Review of site works
 Checking commissioning on behalf of developer

58. Conclusion
• Has to be a greater sense of urgency.
• What we have been doing and are
planning to do is not enough
• There are no quick fixes and a lot to
be done globally, regionally and
locally.
• Challenges abound but also lots of
opportunities.
• Technology is already here.
Collectively we can play our part in
this immense challenge.
yong-wei.chan@arup.com