one of the carbon dioxide captre technolozy.

1. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR)
from the atmosphere

2. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) methods
refers to a number of technologies which reduce
the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

3. CDR is a different approach than removing
CO2 from the stack emissions of large fossil
fuel point sources, such as power stations
The latter reduces emission to the atmosphere
but cannot reduce the amount of carbon
dioxide already in the atmosphere
As CDR removes carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere, it creates negative emissions

5. Technologies for Carbon dioxide removal
bio-energy with carbon capture and
storage
biochar
direct air capture
• Artificial trees
• Scrubbing towers
ocean fertilization
enhanced weathering

6. Bio-energy with carbon capture and storage, or
BECCS, utilises biomass to extract carbon dioxide from
the atmosphere, and carbon capture and storage
technologies to concentrate and permanently store it
in deep geological formations.
BECCS is currently (as of October 2012) the only CDR
technology deployed at full industrial scale, with 550
000 tonnes CO2/year in total capacity operating,
divided between three different facilities
bio-energy with carbon capture and storage

9.  Biochar
Biochar is created by the pyrolysis of biomass, and is
under investigation as a method of carbon sequestration

12. Enhanced weathering
 Enhanced weathering refers to chemical approach
to geoengineering involving land or ocean based techniques.
 Examples of land based enhanced weathering techniques are in-situ
carbonation of silicates. Ultramafic rock has the potential to store thousands
of years worth of CO2 emissions according to one estimate.
 Ocean based techniques involve alkalinity enhancement, such as, grinding,
dispersing and dissolving olivine, limestone, silicates, or calcium hydroxide to
address ocean acidification and CO2 sequestration. Enhanced weathering is
considered as one of the least expensive of geoengineering options.
 One example of a research project on the feasibility of enhanced weathering
is the CarbFix project in Iceland

13. in-situ carbonation of silicates

15. A notable example of an atmospheric scrubbing process are
the artificial trees.
This concept, proposed by climate scientist Wallace S.
Broecker and science writer Robert Kunzig, imagines huge
numbers of artificial trees around the world to remove ambient
CO2.
The technology is now being pioneered by Klaus Lackner, a
researcher at the Earth Institute, Columbia University, whose
artificial tree technology can suck up to 1,000 times more
CO2 from the air than real trees can, at a rate of about one ton of
carbon per day if the artificial tree is approximately the size of an
actual tree.
The CO2 would be captured in a filter and then removed from the
filter and stored.
 artificial trees

18.  In 2008, the Discovery Channel covered the work of David
Keith, of University of Calgary, who built a tower, 4 feet wide
and 20 feet tall (1.2×6.1 meters), with a fan at the bottom that
sucks air in, which comes out again at the top.
 In the process, about half the CO2 is removed from the air. The
system demonstrated on the Discovery Channel was a
1/90,000th scale test system of the capture section, the
reagents are regenerated in a separate facility.
 The main costs of a full plant will be the cost to build it, and the
energy input to regenerate the chemicals and produce a pure
stream of CO2. To put this into perspective, people in the U.S.
emit about 20 tonnes of CO2 per person annually.
Scrubbing towers

20.  each person in the U.S. would require a tower like the one
featured by the Discovery Channel to remove this amount of
CO2 from the air, requiring an annual 2 Megawatt-hours of
electricity to operate it.
 By comparison, a refrigerator consumes about 1.2 Megawatt-
hours annually (2001 figures). But by combining many small
systems such as this into one large system the construction costs
and energy use can be reduced.
 it has been proposed that the Solar updraft tower to generate
electricity from thermal air currents also be used at the same
time for amine gravity scrubbing of CO2.Some heat would be
required to regenerate the amine.

21. Ocean fertilization
Ocean fertilization or ocean nourishment is a type
of geoengineering based on the purposeful introduction
of nutrients to the upper ocean to increase marine food
production and to remove carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere.

23. Thanks