Social studies encompasses multiple disciplines that are combined into lessons to provide students opportunities for greater inquiry about major world events and issues. Educators draw from subjects like history, geography, and economics. Geography lessons examine how physical features and natural resources influence civilizations. Economics lessons cover concepts like supply and demand. World history explores the rise and fall of classical empires and technological developments. Teachers use diverse approaches like learner-centered, where students discover solutions; society-centered, focusing on improving society; and knowledge-centered, ensuring access to powerful knowledge across disciplines. The primary goal is to help students make informed decisions as citizens.

1. Definition of Social Studies
SOC. SCI. 203
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE AND EVALUATION IN SOCIAL
SCIENCE
Perceived Program Needs and Diverse Program Approaches
Facilitator: Ms. Anthonette A. Monserrat Date of Presentation: April 15, 2023
(Sunday)
MAED- Social Science Professor: Arnold Abad C. Tenorio

2. Intended Learning
Outcome (ILO)
To know the nature and ideological perspective
in social science. To discuss the reasons to teach
social studies and the relevance of social
sciences curriculum in education
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3. Learning Objectives
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At the end of the lesson, you should be
able to:
1. Define the meaning of Social Studies;
2. Appreciate the program needs in social
studies;
3. Adapt different program approaches in
teaching social studies

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5. CURRENT DEFINITIONS OF SOCIAL
STUDIES
Edinyang and Mezieobi
(2013)
Defined social studies as an
integrated field of study that
probes man’s environmental
relationships and imbues
man with high-level
intellectual skills, social
skills and competencies
germane to solving man’s
environmental diverse
problems for better and
effective living.
Akpochato (2013)
Social study is a subject
that fosters a new and
integrated approach aimed
at resolving societal and
environmental issues.
Mezieobi, Ossai, and
Young (2013)
Social study is a program of
study that a society uses to
instill in students or learners
the knowledge, skills,
attitudes, and actions it
considers important in the
relationships human beings
have with each other, their
world, and themselves.
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6. CURRENT DEFINITIONS OF SOCIAL
STUDIES
Njok and Sunday(2014)
Posited that social studies is
an interdisciplinary subject
that enables the learners to
acquire a wide knowledge
of the surrounding complex
phenomena and forces that
influence man in his society.
Osakwe (2014)
Defines social studies
education as “an integrated
field of study that attempts
to study man in-dept within
the ramification of his
dynamic environments as
well as equipping him with
positive knowledge,
attitudes, values, and skills
for purpose of producing
competent, humane and
effective citizenry who can
contribute positively to the
good of the society”.
Danladi (2015)
Defined social studies as
the parts of the school’s
general education program
which is concerned with the
preparation of the citizens
for participation in a
democratic society.
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7. Historical Background of
Social Studies
20XX
Presentation title
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8. The United States of America
appeared to be the “mother
country” of Social Studies.
NCSS charged itself and its members with
the responsibility of working towards a better
understanding of Social Studies and its
importance in developing responsible
participation, social, political, and economic
lives. The organization has written several
position statements on the basic rationale for
Social Studies education and curriculum
guidelines. This has really influenced the
evolutionary development of Social Studies in
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9. Founded in 1921, National Council for the Social
Studies is the largest professional association in
the country devoted solely to social studies
education. NCSS engages and supports
educators in strengthening and advocating social
studies. With members in all the 50 states, the
District of Columbia, and 69 foreign countries,
NCSS serves as an umbrella organization for
elementary, secondary, and college teachers of
history, civics, geography, economics, political
science, sociology, psychology, anthropology, and
law-related education.
The mission of National Council for the Social
Studies is to provide leadership, service, and
support for all social studies educators.
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10. The World War II raised the concern for
constructing a better society from the sad
experiences of the war. To resolve this
post-war problem of adjustment being
faced by the citizens, more interest was
shown in Social Studies. This was
because the content of school curriculum
was identified as capable of helping to
construct a better society out of the
catastrophic one for the emerging Britons.
British educators therefore saw a liberal
education as a way to bring about greater
understanding of human kind.
10 Presentation title 20XX
https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/history-of-education-98203a08-d16a-4fdf-94b7-
3654407604c8

11. The thought of Social Studies for inclusion
in the school curriculum became more
prominent as it was recognized as
capable or helping the pupils and adults
become socially conscious and
responsible members of their society.
Hence, by 1944, the Social Studies
curriculum emerged during the
establishment of secondary education for
all, when the school leaving age was
raised from 14 to 15 years and teachers
had to be re-trained, as pointed by Lawton
and Dufour 1974.
11 Presentation title 20XX
http://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/health/2018/april/outraged-parents-say-graphic-sex-ed-class-breaks-virginia-law

12. NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR THE SOCIAL STUDIES (NCSS) defines social
studies as:
…the integrated study of the social sciences and humanities to promote civic
competence. Within the school program, social studies provides coordinated,
systematic study drawing upon such disciplines as anthropology, archaeology,
economics, geography, history, law, philosophy, political science, psychology,
religion, and sociology, as well as appropriate content from the humanities,
mathematics, and natural sciences.
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13. One meaning of the word social refers to
humans interacting. By definition, then, social
studies can be thought of as a study of
humans interacting. Social studies is not
simply a body of knowledge or a set of skills.
Instead, social studies is the process of using
knowledge and skills to study humans as
they interact in local, national, and world
communities.
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14. The primary purpose of social studies
is to help young people develop the
ability to make informed and reasoned
decisions for the public good as citizens
of a diverse, democratic society in an
interdependent world (NCSS).
14 Presentation title 20XX
https://www.solidgripe.com/tis-the-school-
season/

15. Perceived Program Needs
• Within the school program, social studies provides coordinated, systematic
study drawing upon such disciplines as anthropology, archaeology,
economics, geography, history, law, philosophy, political science,
psychology, religion, and sociology, as well as appropriate content from the
humanities, mathematics, and natural sciences.
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16. The National Council believes that effective social studies
programs include experiences that provide for the study of:
• Culture
• Time, Continuity, and Change
• People, Places, and Environments
• Individual Development and Identity
• Individuals, Groups, and Institutions
• Power, Authority, and Governance
• Production, Distribution, and Consumption
• Science, Technology, and Education
• Global Connections
• Civic Ideal and Practices
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17. Geography
• Expertise in geography gives students insight
into how borders, natural resources, and the
features of land masses have given rise to
civilizations and societies. Teachers explain the
characteristics of different countries around the
world, the societies that inhabit them, and the
more technical aspects of geography such as
map data interpretation.
• The geography of a region is intertwined with its
civilization. The geographic characteristics of a
region determine the kinds of food a society
consumes, the types of natural resources they
harness, and the overall economic conditions in a
17 Presentation title 20XX
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/344806915201536988/

18. Geography
• These resources and characteristics help determine the
political landscape in the country, allowing social studies
teachers to not only focus on physical geography, but also on
the different types of civilizations that have occupied that
area. To deepen their students’ understandings of different
cultures and their relation to geographic conditions, they
might allow each student to choose a country and report
about that country’s geographic and cultural characteristics.
• For example, students might create posters detailing the
geographic features of a country, like population, growth rate,
natural resources, and cultures. Then, students could also
bring in different kinds of food from that country to engage
students in their presentation.
18 Presentation title 20XX
https://itsajoyousjourney.com/world-geography-with-geography-
through-art-and-the-ultimate-geography-timeline-guide/

19. Economics
• Given the immense economic issues the entire
world faces, students must understand the
principles that drive economies around the globe.
Social studies teachers provide lesson plans
detailing the characteristics of macro and
microeconomics, from scarcity, supply, and
demand, to unemployment, inflation, and fiscal
policy.
• Instructors teaching economics might ask
students to chart household debt and its effects
on economic growth, or explore economic
philosophies that address the issues we face
today. In exploring the principles of supply and
demand, younger students might be tasked with
19 Presentation title 20XX
https://fee.org/articles/is-free-market-capitalism-bad-economics/

20. World History
• World history is an expansive topic in social
studies, one that merges knowledge of American
history, geography, and economics. With an
expanded understanding of world history, students
are better able to make connections from past
events to current world-wide issues.
• Teachers educate their students about the rise
and fall of classical civilizations like Greece,
Rome, and Persia. Many of the major political
philosophies and ideologies that exist today first
rose from those civilizations, meaning students
have greater chances to make connections to the
present.
20 Presentation title 20XX
http://learn.bcbe.org/course/view.php?id=3066

21. World History
• Social studies teachers also explore the major
technological developments of those
civilizations. Students today have grown up
around technology, and some may be surprised
to learn that the Internet hasn’t always just
“existed.” Teachers focus on the technological
innovations civilizations have introduced to the
world, and how those marvels have built upon
each other to create the modern world.
21 Presentation title 20XX
https://wallpaperaccess.com/world-history
Social studies encompasses multiple subject areas, including history,
geography, and economics. Educators combine these areas in
lessons that provide opportunities for greater student inquiry, giving
students opportunities to participate in group discussions about
major events or issues around the world.

22. Diverse Program Approaches
• Learner-centered approach
empowers the students to take
ownership of what they learn by
focusing on how the new knowledge
solves a problem or adds value.
Instead of simply pouring information
over the child’s mind, the facilitator
presents the student with an issue and
guides the class as they build a
solution. Students “discover” the new
information and come up with
solutions instead of passively waiting
for the teacher’s answers.
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https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fxqsuperschool.org%2Frethinktogether%2Fwhat-is-student-centered-
learning%2F&psig=AOvVaw3nzVnABrHyjdoN_sAz-
kMm&ust=1680916592891000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBEQjRxqFwoTCICRnbbMlv4CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAJ

23. • Society-centered approach goes
beyond focusing on the student and
focuses instead on a group or a
population. Society-centered focus on
educating a group of people—
whether a minority group or the world
as a whole—rather than a curriculum
or a student. The objective is to
improve society as a whole.
23 Presentation title 20XX
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsustainable-
environment.org.uk%2Fsociety%2Fsociety.php&psig=AOvVaw39ru6DtcpTuAQeDXTLeX5r&ust=1680916811144000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBEQjRxqFwoTCM
C8j57Nlv4CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE

24. • Knowledge-centered approach focuses
on students acquiring ‘powerful
knowledge’ (Young and Muller, 2013, p.
245) across a range of academic
disciplines ensuring that they have access
to a broad and balanced education. Within
a knowledge-centered curriculum, subjects
are taught at gradually increasing levels of
complexity leading to deeper knowledge
and understanding. According to Ellis
(2004, p.105), a knowledge-centered
curriculum ‘focuses on intellectual growth
and development, on challenging the
learner to go deeper into history, literature,
mathematics, the arts, and other subjects.’
24 Presentation title 20XX
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.teacheracademy.eu%2Fblog%2Fstudent-centered-learning%2F&psig=AOvVaw27arayCGazlvJRFGp7D6-
N&ust=1680916949999000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBEQjRxqFwoTCMD-reDNlv4CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAJ

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Constructivist approach
Collaborative approach
Reflective approach
Integrative approach
Inquiry-based approach

26. I hear and I forget.
I see and I remember.
I do and I understand.
Confucius
26 Soc. Sci. 203 2023

27. References
Harrison InyangAdmin at Project Kings LTDThe CEO of Project Kings research center
https://projectkings.com.ng/2020/12/22/current-definitions-of-social-studies
National Curriculum Standards for Social Studies: Executive Summary
https://www.socialstudies.org/standards/national-curriculum-standards-social-studies-executive-summary
Learner-centered education: providing students with valuable skills
31/03/2017
https://www.oneyoungworld.com/blog/learner-centered-education-providing-students-valuable-skills-
0#:~:text=Learner%2Dcentered%20education%20empowers%20the,as%20they%20build%20a%20solution.
Philosophies of Education: 2 Types of Society-Centered Philosophies
390 & 10
https://www.theedadvocate.org/philosophies-education-2-types-society-centered-
philosophies/#:~:text=Society%2Dcentered%20philosophies%20go%20beyond,a%20curriculum%20or%20a%20student.
Knowledge-centred curriculum - My College
https://my.chartered.college/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Knowledge-centred_Simon.pdf

28. Thank you 