An overview of MPLS and BGP done for a school class

1. By:
● Lesly Sandoval
● Gino McCarty
● Adam Cranford
Multiprotocol Label Switching
(MPLS)
Prof. Mostafa Ammar
Computer Networks II
Spring 2014

2. ● 80’s & 90’s - Internet
● The “Fish Problem”
● 1990 - ATM
○ Scalability and overhead
● 1995 - Internet explosion
● 1996 - Cisco Tag Switching
● 1997 - IETF MPLS group
History
Lowest Cost path to destination

3. ● Switching based on fixed 20
bit labels
● Decoupling routing and
forwarding
● Explicitly Routed Tunnel
○ Label Stacking
What is MPLS?

4. ● Label Edge Router (LER)
● Label Switch Router (LSR)
● Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC)
● Label Switch Path (LSP)
● Forwarding Information Table (FIT)
What is MPLS?

5. Data Plane
● IP Forwarding Table
● Label Forwarding Table
Control Plane
● IP Routing protocols
● IP Routing table
● Label Information Based (LIB)
● Label Distribution Protocol

6. MPLS Applications

7. ● Traffic engineering (MPLS-TE)
● Services:
○ VPN
○ AToM
○ QoS, DSCP, CoS - Bandwidth Management
MPLS Applications

8. ● Dynamic
● Load and Delay Based Traffic
Management
● Replacement for ATM-PVC which
are Fully Meshed
● RSVP (Resource Reservation
Protocol)
Traffic Engineering

9. VPN Service Types
● Layer 2
○ Customer Handles all
Routing
● Layer 3
○ ISP Participates in
Routing
○ MP-BGP

10. Anything over MPLS (AToM)
● L2 packetized encapsulation
○ HDLC (High Level Data Link Control)
○ Frame Relay
○ ATM
○ Ethernet*
■ VLAN Trunking

12. MPLS Network

13. Class of Service Bit Field
● Experimental Bits
● RED Behavior

14. Queuing Design and QOS
● QOS
○ Quality of Service
● DSCP - Label
○ Differentiated Services Code
Point
○ COS - Class Of Service

15. Vendors

16. Hardware Providers

17. Cisco 7600 VS CSR
3 Slot Chassis
15 Mpps forwarding Rate
240 Gbps throughput
CISCO 7603 CISCO CSR
1152 Slots
922 Tbps total
Throughput
MPPS : million packets per second , Cisco Specific metric

18. Service Providers

19. MegaPath Backbone

20. MegaPath: Scenario 1
● Traditional Voice
Services require a
separate dedicated
connections
● Modern VoIP services
allow integrated IP and
Voice Traffic

21. MegaPath: Scenario 1
● Using MPLS allows the
company to have a single
dedicated line for voice
and data
● All data including voice
and video conferencing
benefit

22. MegaPath: Scenario 2
● Nationwide corporate
network using Point-to-
Point connection
● Company must manage all
connections and
communications in house
● Massive management
overhead

23. MegaPath: Scenario 2
● Service providers(SP)
like MegaPath offer a
way to connect the
companies entire
network
● Connection is through
SP’s MPLS backbone
and is now managed
by the SP
● Entire network benefits
from reliability, QoS
and security services

24. Questions