a slideshow giving indicators for health inequalities in the city of Westminster

1. How wealth affects health in
your local authority area
In Westminster
The average life expectancy... hides significant variation ...and the quality of life
based on where you live.. your fellow citizens lead

2. This slideshow looks at Westminster local authority
and is based on the Marmot report ‘Fair Society
Healthy Lives’
It is divided into two parts:
 Key indicators of health inequalities laid down by
Marmot report
 Indicators relating to the social determinants of health
inequalities
Children achieving a Young people not in People in receipt Means tested
good level of employment, educat of means tested benefits by area of
development aged 5 ion or training benefits deprivation
The Marmot report covers much more, including Show
a detailed range of policy initiatives me

3. HEAT MAP SHOWING INDEX
OF MULTIPLE DEPRIVATION
FOR YOUR AREA
This presentation also comes with a heat
map showing small area based levels of
deprivation in your local authority area. This
uses the Index of Multiple Deprivation data
which both the Marmot report and the UCL
Institute of Health Equity refer to.
The map is there to make it easier for you to
refer and compare different neighbourhoods
in your area. It includes a radial graph
showing the seven domains of deprivation
that go to make up the Index of Multiple
Deprivation. For technical reasons both the
map and radial graph reverse the number
range contained in the Marmot report:
Decile 1 is now least deprived and Decile
10 = most deprived.
This is so that the data is aligned to the
Decile range shown in the accompanying
heat map and radial graph.

4. Key indicators
HEALTH INEQUALITIES IN WESTMINSTER

5. In Westminster the average life expectancy at
birth is 83.8 years for men and 86.7 for women
London
England
Women
Men
Westminster
74.0 76.0 78.0 80.0 82.0 84.0 86.0 88.0
Years

6. But those living in the most deprived areas of Westminster have a lower life
expectancy compared to those in the most affluent areas
95.0
90.0
85.0
80.0
Years
75.0 men
70.0 Women
65.0
60.0
Dec 10 Dec 9 Dec 8 Dec 7 Dec 6 Dec 5 Dec 4 Dec 3 Dec 2 Dec 1
men 75.4 77.0 81.6 81.3 83.5 85.7 86.5 86.2 88.1 93.0
Women 81.4 82.5 84.1 85.8 87.1 87.0 91.3 87.1 89.3 90.0
Most deprived Decile range Least deprived
areas areas
Check the heatmap
to see which decile
16.9 Years The inequality in male life expectancy in Westminster your neighbourhood
between the most and least deprived areas falls into. Click on an
area of the map for
The inequality in female life expectancy in more information
9.7 Years Westminster between the most and least deprived
areas

7. And the inequality in ‘disability-free life
expectancy’ (DFLE) is even greater
The inequality in male life The inequality in Disability
16.9 Years 17 Years
expectancy in Westminster -free life expectancy for
between the most and least men in Westminster
deprived areas between the most and
least deprived areas
The inequality in female life The inequality in Disability
9.7 Years expectancy in Westminster
14.4 Years -free life expectancy for
between the most and least women in Westminster
deprived areas between the most and
least deprived areas
Those living in areas of high Disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) is the average
deprivation not only die earlier but number of years a person could expect to live without
also spend more of their years an illness or health problem that limits their daily
coping with a disability activities. An inequality of 17 years means that a DFLE
for the best off in Westminster is 17 years higher than
for the worst off.

8. Health inequalities result from social inequalities
95.0
90.0
85.0
80.0
Years 75.0
70.0
65.0
60.0
Dec 10 Dec 9 Dec 8 Dec 7 Dec 6 Dec 5 Dec 4 Dec 3 Dec 2 Dec 1
Social inequality indicators used to predict health outcomes*
The London Health
Observatory (LHO) and the
UCL Institute of Health
Equity have produced the
following key indicators Children achieving Young people not People in receipt Means tested
relating to the social a good level of in of means tested benefits by area
determinants of health development employment, edu benefits of deprivation
outcomes
aged 5 cation or training
*see spine charts in
Marmot report

9. In Westminster 55 % of children achieved a good level of
development at age 5 (Year 2011)
Children achieving a good level of This is significantly lower
development at age 5 than the London and
60.0 national average
59.0
58.0 The highest priority in the Marmot Review
Percentage
57.0 is the aim to give every child the best start
56.0 in life, as this is crucial to reducing health
55.0 inequalities across the life course. As the
54.0
foundations of human development are
53.0
laid in early childhood, the review
52.0
Westminster England London
proposed an indicator of readiness for
school to capture early years
development.
indicators used
to predict
health Children achieving Young people not People in receipt Means tested
outcomes a good level of in of means tested benefits by area
development employment, edu benefits of deprivation
aged 5 cation or training

10. In Westminster, 4.9 % of young people are not in
employment, education or training
Nov 2010 - Jan 2011 Nov 2009 - Jan 2010
This is a modest improvement on the
8.0
previous period – and significantly below
7.0
the England average
6.0
Percentage
5.0
4.0
Non-participation of young people in
3.0 education, employment or training
2.0 between the ages of 16 and 19 is a major
1.0 predictor of later unemployment, low
0.0 income, depression, involvement in crime
Westminster England London and poor mental health
indicators used
to predict
health Children achieving Young people not People in receipt Means tested
outcomes a good level of in of means tested benefits by area
development employment, edu benefits of deprivation
aged 5 cation or training

11. In Westminster, 15.6% of people were in receipt of means
tested benefits (Year 2008)
Year 2008 Year 2005 This is a modest decrease
25.0 from year 2005 to year
20.0 2008
20.6
18.8
Percentage
15.0 17.4 “An adequate and fair healthy standard of
15.6
14.6 15.5 living is critical to reducing health
10.0
inequalities. Insufficient income is
5.0 associated with worse outcomes across
virtually all domains, including long-term
0.0
health and life expectancy.” pg 120 of
Westminster England London
Marmot report
indicators used
to predict
health Children achieving Young people not People in receipt Means tested
outcomes a good level of in of means tested benefits by area
development employment, edu benefits of deprivation
aged 5 cation or training

12. In Year 2008,15.6% of people lived in households in receipt of means tested
benefit – but this masks significant variations based on area
Year 2008 Year 2005 In Westminster, when you
50.0
compare the worst off areas with
45.0
40.0
the best off, there is a difference
35.0 of 39.7* percentage points.
Percentage
30.0
For example those areas falling into the
25.0
bottom decile (decile 10) have a far higher
20.0
concentration of their population on
15.0
benefits (around 40%) compared to decile
10.0
1 (around 2.5%)
5.0
0.0 * To be treated with caution - figure is
Dec 10 Dec 9 Dec 8 Dec 7 Dec 6 Dec 5 Dec 4 Dec 3 Dec 2 Dec 1 subject to significant confidence intervals
indicators used
to predict
health Children achieving Young people not People in receipt Means tested
outcomes a good level of in of means tested benefits by area
development employment, edu benefits of deprivation
aged 5 cation or training

13. The average life expectancy... hides significant variation ...and the quality of life your
based on where you live.. fellow citizens lead
To summarise:
each of the indicators below is used to predict the health
outcomes above
The London Health
Observatory (LHO) and the
UCL Institute of Health
Equity have produced the
following key indicators Children achieving Young people not People in receipt Means tested
relating to the social a good level of in of means tested benefits by area
determinants of health development employment, edu benefits of deprivation
outcomes
aged 5 cation or training
*see spine charts in
Marmot report

14. Doing nothing is not an option
The Marmot report outlines a range of policy initiatives from
early years education to a minimum income for healthy living.
Those who claim that such policies are unaffordable in
the present economic climate, must weigh that claim
against the cost of doing nothing:
– £31-33 billion in productivity
losses
– £20-32 billion in lost taxes and
higher welfare payments
– costs in excess of £5.5 billion
in additional NHS healthcare
costs every year
Marmot
report

15. Slideshow by Gavin Barker
www.gavin-barker.com
KEY SOURCES
Click to access source
London Health Observatory
UCL Institute of Health Equity
YOU ARE FREE TO USE THIS SLIDESHOW
AS A TEMPLATE FOR YOUR OWN –SEE
NEXT SLIDE
Should you do so, please delete my name and substitute the picture in slide 14 (copyright
restrictions by istockphoto apply). To embed a section of the map in your website, please
contact me gavinbark@gmail.com
Use the data for your local authority located at the London Health Observatory
This is available for upper tier local authorities in England only (excluding the City of
London and Isles of Scilly)

16. Slideshow by Gavin Barker
www.gavin-barker.com
KEY SOURCES
Click to access source
London Health Observatory
UCL Institute of Health Equity
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