it's good for those who expect to take IELTS exam ^^

1. PPAARRAAGGRRAAPPHH
SSTTRRUUCCTTUURREE
LLeeccttuurreerr:: TTrraann HHaaii LLyy

2. PARAGRAPH
STRUCTURE
The three parts of a paragraph:
• Topic sentence
• Supporting sentences
• Concluding sentence

3. TOPIC SENTENCE
- The topic sentence states the main idea of the
paragraph.
- It not only names the topic of the paragraph but
also limits the topic to one or two areas that can
be discussed completely in the space of a single
paragraph
- The specific area is called the controlling idea
TOPIC SENTENCE = TOPIC + CONTROLLING IDEA
E.g. There are three reasons why Canada is one
of the best countries in the world.

4. Identify topics & controlling ideas in
the following topic sentences
+ Fixing a flat tire on a bicycle is easy if you follow
these steps.
+ Convenience foods are easy to prepare.
+ There are several advantages to growing up in a small
town.
+ In order to fully explore the wreck of the Titanic,
scientists must address several problems.
+ Most US universities require a 550 point TOEFL
score for a number of reasons.

5. Identify topics & controlling
ideas in the following topic
sentences
+ Fixing a flat tire on a bicycle is easy if you follow
these steps
+ Convenience foods are easy to prepare.
+ There are several advantages to growing up in a small
town.
+ In order to fully explore the wreck of the Titanic,
scientists must address several problems.
+ Most US universities require a 550 point TOEFL
score for a number of reasons.

6. TOPIC SENTENCE
Note: Topic sentence should not be too
general or too specific
E.g.
- There were 14 guests at my surprise
birthday party.
- My classmates gave me an unforgettable
surprise party for my 18th birthday

7. TOPIC SENTENCE
- American food is terrible.
- American food is tasteless and greasy
because American use too many canned,
frozen, and prepackaged foods and because
everything is fried in oil or butter.
- American food is stateless and greasy.

8. Identify effective topic sentences
1. My doctor is very kind to his patients.
2. Fried rice is easy to prepare if you follow
some simple steps.
3. I am going to write about my country.
4. I had an adventure in the jungle last year.
5. Video games are not bad for children.

9. • My doctor is very kind to his
patients: giving details prescription,
taking care of his patients very
carefully, and especially giving free-charge
medicine for the poor.
• The kindness of my doctors is shown
through his behaviors and emotion to
his patients.

10. • Culture, people, famous places, and
food are special things that you
cannot forget if you visit my
beautiful country.
• Video games are not bad for children
because of its entertainment value
and positive effect on brain’s
development.