Non-Western art from Oceania and India

1. NONWESTERN ART
AN OVERVIEW

2. OCEANIA

4. Oceanic art or Oceanian art comprises the creative works
made by the native people of the Pacific Islands and
Australia, including areas as far apart as Hawaii and Easter
Island. Specifically it comprises the works of the two groups
of people who settled the area, though during two different
periods.
They would in time however, come to interact and together
reach even more remote islands.

5. MICRONESIA
MELANESIA
POLYNESIA
AUSTRALIA

7. AUSTRALIA AND INTERIOR MELANESIA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA)
AUSTRALO-MELANESIANS
40,000 to 60,000 years ago

8. MICRONESIA, ISLAND MELANESIA, POLYNESIA
AUSTRONESIANS
30,000 years ago

9. LAPITA CULTURE
(descendants of the second wave of Austronesians)
Around ,1,500 BC
MORE REMOTE ISLANDS IN OCEANIA
SAMOA, TONGA, FIJI BY 1000 BC

10. Chronological dispersal of Austronesian people across the
Pacific (per Bellwood in Chambers, 2008

11. Best-fit genomic mixture proportions of Austronesians in Island Southeast Asia and
their inferred population movements, showing rates of admixture with pre-existing
Australo-Melanesian populations[3

12. New Caledonian women
Fijian musicians

13. A boy from Vanuatu
Ati girl from the Philippines

14. Aboriginal Australian dancers Papuan girls

15. Andanamese Men

16. VARIETY IN ART
Themes of Fertility and Supernatural
Tattooing
Petroglyphs

17. Malagan
carvings, Papua
New Guinea:
Malagan wood
carvings are
created for use
in malagan
ceremonies.
The variety and beauty of
the masks of Oceania-
Melanesia are highly
developed and relate to
use in ceremonies. The
mask was regarded as an
instrument of revelation,
giving form to the sacred.
This was accomplished by
linking the mask to an
ancestral presence, thus
bringing the past into the
present.

18. The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Prehistoric Stone Sculpture from
New Guinea | Essa
Detail of textile from Oceania

19. Moꞌai (Spanish: moái), are monolithic human figures carved by the Rapa Nui people on
Easter Island in eastern Polynesia between the years 1250 and 1500.
These moai were restored in the 1990's by a Japanese research team after a
cyclone knocked them over in the 1960's.

20. Map of Easter Island using moai to show locations of various ahu

21. Nan Madol, Lost city in the
Pacific
Nan Madol is an archaeological site
adjacent to the eastern shore of the
island of Pohnpei, now part of the
Madolenihmw district of Pohnpei
state in the Federated States of
Micronesia in the western Pacific
Ocean.
Nan Madol was the capital of the
Saudeleur Dynasty until about 1628.

22. Mysterious Ruins of Nan Madol - The people who
built it – the Saudeleur – ruled these islands for more
than a millennium, yet there is nothing left of them
but legend and the crumbling black basalt ruins.
No art, no carvings, no writing. They were known to
be deeply religious, tyrannical and cruel, and the
remains of their civilization are often viewed with
fear and superstition by modern-day Pohnpeians.

23. INDIA

25. Includes present-day India,
Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal,
Bhutan and Eastern Afghanistan

26. Traditional Indian art usually had a
religious character and Buddhism,
Hinduism, and later Islam, have been a
common theme throughout the
centuries.
The pieces often feature mythological,
human, and animal forms and had
elaborate ornaments. Unlike other areas
influenced by Islam, Indian art didn't
abandon figurative representations

27. Cave paintings in the Bhimbetka archeological site (c. 7,000 BCE)
Or a 290,000 year old tradition
ROCK
ART

28. The people of the Indus valley
civilization on the border of
modern India and Pakistan
produced the earliest known Indian
art sculptures, from between 2500
and 1800 BCE.
They were small terracotta and
bronze figures depicting animals
and humans, like cows, monkeys,
and dancing positions.
INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
3300 – 1750 BC

29. The north Indian Maurya Empire
flourished from 322 BCE to 185
BCE, and at its maximum extent
controlled all of the sub-continent
except the extreme south as well
as influences from Indian ancient
traditions, and Ancient Persia, as
shown by the Pataliputra capital.
MAURYAN EMPIRE

30. YAKSHA
STATUARY -used for worship
-object of an important cult in the early
periods of Indian history, many of them
being known such as Kubera, king of the
Yakshas, Manibhadra or Mudgarpani.
-were later incorporated into Buddhism,
Jainism or Hinduism
The Yakshas are a broad class of
nature-spirits, usually benevolent,
but sometimes mischievous or
capricious, connected with water,
fertility, trees, the forest, treasure
and wilderness.

31. Buddhism originated in India at some point
in the 6th century BCE. Religious artists
made sculpture pieces, including stone and
bronze. They also produced magnificent
examples of Indian cave art, with entire
temples being carved in stone and decorated
with Greek-influenced columns and
sculptures.
By the 5th century CE, sculpture was a
common practice among Indian Buddhists
and Hindus.
Ajanta Buddhist art
cave temples (2 BC –
7th AD

32. BUDDHIST ART
150 BC – 500 CE
Illumination of Buddha

33. SHUNGA DYNASTY
(185 – 72 BC)
The Great Stupa at Sanchi, c.
273 BCE – 232 BCE
(Mauryan Empire), enlarged c.
150 BCE – 50 BCE (Shunga
Dynasty)

34. Elaborately
moulded terracotta
plaques
surface detail, nudity, and
sensuality
women, some of which are
thought to be goddesses, who are
mostly shown as bare-chested
and wearing elaborate
headdresses
Shunga Period
1st century BC
5 x 3 ¾ inches

35. SATAVAHANA DYNASTY
1ST OR 3RD BC – 3RD CE
Also referred to as the Andhras
in the Puranas, were an ancient
Indian dynasty based in the
Deccan region.

36. AMARAVATI STUPA
Ruins Model of the original stupa

37. Depiction of the stupa from the siteLocator Map

38. Karla Caves, Karli Caves, Karle
Caves or Karla Cells, are a
complex of ancient Buddhist
Indian rock-cut caves at Karli near
Lonavala, District Pune
Maharashtra.
KARLA CAVES

39. Karla Chaitya section in
perspective.

40. Entrance at extreme right

41. AJANTA CAVES
(EARLY PHASE)
30 (approximately) rock-cut
Buddhist cave monuments
which date from the 2nd
century BCE to about 480
CE in Aurangabad district of
Maharashtra state of India

42. Panoramic view with cave numbers

43. Front of cave 1
Cave 1 interior

44. Murals in Cave 1
The
Bodhisattva of
compassion
Padmapani
with lotus
The king announces he
abdicates to become an
ascetic

45. Cave 6
Buddha in the upper
level, deers below and
apsaras above (artificial
lighting)

46. Kushan art inherited the Greco-Buddhist art
and Mahayana Buddhism flourished, and the
depictions of Buddha as a human form first
appeared in art.
KUSHAN EMPIRE
(30-375 AD)
One of the first representations of the Buddha,
Kushan period, 1st–2nd century CE

47. The Gupta period is generally regarded as a
classic peak of north Indian art for all the
major religious groups. Although painting
was evidently widespread, and survives in
the Ajanta Caves, the surviving works are
almost all religious sculpture.
GUPTA ART
(320 – 550 BC)
Seated Buddha,
5th century CE,
Sarnath Museum

48. Krishna killing the horse-
demon Keshi, ca. 5th century
CE, Metropolitan Museum of
Art

49. Emergence of Hindu
Temple (Nagara style)

50. The Meenakshi temple complex of Madurai, mostly built between
1623 and 1655 CE, a large complex in the Dravidian architecture
of South India, dominated by gopuram gatehouse towers. The two
main shrines are much smaller, with gold tops

51. END
THANK YOU!!!

52. Midterm Exam
COVERAGE:
WHAT IS ART?
MESOPOTAMIAN ART
EGYPTIAN ART
ANCIENT INDIA, AFRICA AND OCEANIA
ANCIENT GREEK ART
ANCIENT ROMAN ART

53. Midterm Exam
TYPES OF QUIZZES
TRUE OR FALSE
MATCHING TYPE
ENUMERATION OR LISTING
ESSAY
ART/DESIGN CREATION

54. Midterm Exam
FEBRUARY 17
4:30 TO 5:40 PM
BRING THE FOLLOWING:
YELLOW PAPER (1- 2 PCS)
OSLO PAPER (1-2 PCS)
BALLPEN AND ART MATERIALS (PENCIL, ERASER,
COLORED PENCILS)