15. Traffic relies on fossil fuel COMBUSTION a main source of urban air pollution a strong contributor to climate change
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17. [email_address] PDF online at www.ERSnet.org www.ersnet.org/publications/air-quality-and-health.html PDF is free : English French German Italian Turkish Catalan Portugues (2012)
18. Paradigm of spatial distribution of local traffic-related pollutants (such as nano-PM) along busy roads 0 100 200 300 meter
19. Adjusted prevalence [%] Adjusted prevalences (%) of respiratory health as a function of the residential distance from highway [m] ( Switzerland) Distribution of chronic cough in the Swiss population living along the North-South Transit highway (~1’800 adults, age 15-70) Hazenkamp et al, Env Health 2011 – online open access Wheezing with breathing problems Wheezing w/o colds Chronic cough Chronic cough or phlegm
24. Switzerland, 1990 - 2010 40‘000 Mio km/yr 60‘000 Mio km/yr 70‘000 tons of NOx / yr 10‘000 tons of NOx / yr GDP: 30‘000 Mio (in $) GDP: 70‘000 Mio (in $) Gross Domestic Product - GDP Vehicle Kilometers driven / year NOx Emissions from traffic, per year
25. Switzerland, 1990 - 2010 70‘000 tons of NOx / yr 10‘000 tons of NOx / yr NOx Emissions from traffic, per year Pollution & accidents, are NOT the „inevitable price to pay“ for economic growth and wealth! Vehicle Kilometers driven / year Accidents
26. NOx Emissions / yr Switzerland, 1990 – 2010 Air Pollution (PM10 concentrations)
27. SAPALDIA (done in adults; in Davos + 7 other Swiss locations) Primary funding: Swiss National Science Foundation Improvement of air quality DOES result in better health – also shown in two Swiss land-mark studies SCARPOL (in children) Less bronchitis Less bronchitis Slower aging of lung function Fewer new cases of asthma
28. Nevertheless: … wrong trends: 2005/1990-ratio of PM2.5 is >1.0 in the most populated regions of the world! Brauer et al, Env Sci Tech 2011
29. Wrong trends… 2005/1990-ratio of Ozone (O 3 ) is >1.0 in many regions of the world… Brauer et al, Env Sci Tech 2011
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32. The long trail of eco-health hazards… of the fossil fuel based ‚transport economy‘…
34. Risk of death and pneumonia in young cattle depends on ambient air quality (SO2) during the last 3 months before calving Waldner et al, Arch Env Occup Health 2010 And remember London Smog December 1952: not only >4‘000 death in humans – but thousands of cattle asphyxiated
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36. Thank you [email_address] www.swisstph.ch Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute welcomes you in Basel: Swiss TPH is an associate Institute of the University of Basel PDF online at www.ERSnet.org www.ersnet.org/publications/air-quality-and-health.html