Russ Johnson - Understanding Disasters: Geospatial Technologies in Risk Reduction and Disaster Management

Plenary Session 4
Understanding Disasters:
Geospatial Technologies in Risk Reduction and Disaster
Management

GLOBAL RISK FORUM
GRF DAVOS

GRF
“From Thought to Action”

Russ Johnson
Director of Public Safety
Esri

Dr. Joaquin Ramirez
Principal Consultant
DTS Wildfire

Knowing the Enemy Geospatially

Wendi Pedersen
GIS Analyst/Rapid Mapping Expert
UNOSAT -
United Nations Institute for Training and Research

Satellite Analysis for Disaster Monitoring and Response

Dr. Heather Bell
Science Advisor
Pacific Disaster Center

Geospatial Technologies for Understanding Risk

Ryan Lanclos
Emergency Management Industry Manager
Esri

Jeff Baranyi
Senior Public Safety Solutions Engineer
Esri

GIS and Disaster Management :
“Building a Common Operating Platform”

Maps help us relate and understand…

…filter away the noise.

2008 VP Debate
City of Houston
Tampa Super Bowl

Commonwealth
Of
Kentucky

Univ of Alabama

BP Oil Spill

Golden Guardian Exercise

Obama Inauguration
Virginia - VIPER

Apps help us relate and understand…

…filter away the noise.

I need knowledge…

• Are we prepared?
• Where are we vulnerable?
• Can we support damage assessment?
• What is the current situation?
• What are our partners doing?
• Are we talking to the public?

Answer the need for knowledge…
A Common Operating Platform

Supporting the Emergency Management Lifecycle…

Empower everyone…
Supporting the Mission

Planning &
Response Recovery
Mitigation

Data Planning and Field Situational Citizen
Management Analysis Mobility Awareness Engagement

National Response Framework - ESF

Mission Specific Maps and Apps
Command

Operations

Logistics

PIO

…Aligning with EM workflows

Common Operating Platform…

Logistics Operations Command PIO

ICS
Alignment

National Response Framework
ESF 1- 15

Planning &
Analysis
Existing Systems

…that answers the need for knowledge.

Empower Everyone…
Smart Phones Social Media

Tablets

Web Sites

Platform

Desktop Browsers

Online

…everywhere.

Transform information into knowledge to action.

GIS for Disaster Management
Common Operating Platform

• Reference Architecture
• Common Repository Tools and Data
• Mission Specific Templates
• Open and Extensible
• Empowers the Organization

Operation Scenario
• Daily Operations for Preparedness
• M 7.7 Earthquake
• Multi-Agency Response

Commonwealth of Kentucky
New Madrid Seismic Zone

Emergency Management Roles

• Watch Officer
• Planning Officer
• Assessment Team
• PIO
• GIS Specialist

Data Management

• Collect
• Manage
• Collaborate
• Operationalize

Planning and Analysis

• Vulnerability Analysis
• Collaborate
• Prepare

Field Mobility
• Enable Workflows
• Align to Mission
• Update in Real Time

Citizen Engagement

• Communicate
• Connect
• Engage

Situational Awareness
• Aligned to Organization
• Mission Specific Apps
• Enhanced Situational Awareness

Public Safety Resource Center
Templates to help you get started

• Disaster Management
- Common Operational Picture
- Damage Assessment
- Maps
- Flood Planning
- Citizen Service Request
- Special Events
• Fire
- Run Book
- Station Wall Map
- Pre-fire Planning
• Humanitarian
- OpenStreetMap Editor, Ushahidhi Add-in

GIS for Disaster Management Workshop

• Tuesday - 6:30pm – 7:15pm Dischma Room
• Wednesday - 7:15pm – 8:00pm Dischma Room
• Abstract:
- Learn best practices and resources to implement GIS in
support of disaster management.
- Topics will include:
- Configure your Flex Viewer for Situational Awareness
- Deploy GIS in a mobile environment
- Getting Started with ArcGIS Online
- Baseline Template resources for common disaster management
workflows

Summary

• Focus on a Common Operating Platform
• Empower the Organization
• Align with the Mission
• Answer the need for Knowledge.

Data Planning and Field Situational Citizen
Management Analysis Mobility Awareness Engagement

Dr. Joaquin Rameriz
Principal Consultant
DTS Wildfire

knowing the
enemy
geospatially
NEAR-REALTIME WILDFIRE
SIMULATIONS TO SUPPORT
Dr Joaquin Ramirez
DTSWildfire Tecnosylva

Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Rapid Response System at NASA/GSFC http://youtu.be/eET7jwJOOqA

750 m€
fire
season
160.00
0
ha lost

MODIS SENSOR IMAGERY
TERRA SATELLITE
28/06/2012 11:35

TERRA SATELLITE
29/06/2012 12:05

FIRE: CORTS DE PALLARS
BURNT AREA: 11.770
ha

TERRA SATELLITE
30/06/2012 11:10

FIRE: CORTS DE PALLARS
BURNT AREA: 24.012 ha
(+9.143)
FIRE: ANDILLA
BURNT AREA: 5.371 ha

http://www.nifc.go
v/fireInfo/fireInfo_
statistics.html

12000000 300000

10000000 250000

8000000 200000

fires
acres burnt

6000000 150000

4000000 100000

2000000 50000

Fires
0 0
Acres
1960

1964

1966

1968

1970

1974

1976

1978

1980

1984

1986

1988

1990

1994

1996

1998

2000

2004

2006

2008

2010
1962

1972

1982

1992

2002

Where do we go
Fire scenarios from 2010 to 2070 (ATSR Fire Atlas based)

Krawchuk MA, Moritz MA, Parisien M-A, Van Dorn J, Hayhoe K, 2009. Global Pyrogeography:
the Current and Future Distribution of Wildfire. PLoS
ONE 4(4): e5102. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005102
Climate projections include 2010–2039 (A,), 2040–2069 (B) and 2070–2099 (C).

Fire Paradox
The better
we are
fighting
fires, the

If you know
yourself and
your enemy,
you can win a
hundred

FB: A YOUNG
SCIENCE
Harry T. Gisborne Jack S. Barrow

Director
of the
First true Missoula
specialist in Fire Lab The Mann

topography

http://goo.gl/amuxP

weather

extr
http://goo.gl/WkiKO

fuels

overs
http://goo.gl/WkiKO

= extreme
behavior
fires

and art of
Where isSimgoing
Fire it
to be in the next
hours?
When can we expect
to stop it?

Models are out
there
Models completed in period 1990-
12 Physical 2007
7 quasi-physical
15 empirical
5 quasi-empirical
11 simulation
22 mathematical analogous
Andrew L. Sullivan
Wildland surface fire spread modelling, 1990–2007
International Journal of Wildland Fire
Volume 18 Number 4 2009
.

take sims
We need to
from the lab…

LANL Coupled Fire/Atmosphere Modeling, FIRETEC
http://ees.lanl.gov/ees16/FIRETEC.shtml

operation
to the
personnel…

to theIncident
Command Post …

… to support
safer operations

Users expect
relevant
information

Ignition points
from fire fire
department CADs
progres
sion

Immediate
results where fire
the fire will
arrive in the
next few hours
progres
sion

risk on
vulnerable evacuat
assets (homes,
power lines, …) ion
time

Allows
preparedness evacuat
planning for
evacuation
purposes
ion
time

www.wildfireanalyst.c
On scene inmediate
om a

INTUITIVE
mylesdgrant/5434978427

POWERFUL
toptechwriter/338573258

WILDFIREMAPS.COM
BURNENGINE

www.wildfiremaps.com
On scene inmediate a

Whitewater-
Baldy Complex
100.000 ha

Kristen Allis
BLM FBAN Type

13.000 ha / 4
La Jonquera
hrs
c Castellnou
alyst Chief
ian Firefighters

Strategic
analysis in 20

accurate informat
decission making

Wind

accurate informat
decission making

60 % resources r
based on the sim

Office: +1 905.727.8352 Office: +34 987.849.486
Mobile: +1 970.213.4635 Mobile: +34 696.922.909

dtswildfire.com | dtsgis.com

More Information

www.DTSwildfire.com
www.fiRESPONSE.com
www.WildfireMaps.com
www.WildfireAnalyst.com

not least because at
some time you may have
the opportunity to

turn him into a
friend Margaret Thatcher

Wendi Pedersen
GIS Analyst/Rapid Mapping
Expert
UNOSAT -
United Nations Institute for
Training and Research

Satellite Analysis for
Disaster Monitoring and Response

Wendi Pedersen

4th International Disaster and Risk Conference 2012, Davos Switzerland

98

UNOSAT: A Centre of Excellence for Satellite Analysis

UNOSAT is the Operational Satellite Applications Programme of UNITAR – entirely
dedicated to researching and applying solutions for satellite derived geospatial
information, integrated systems (GIS, navigation, and geo-positioning), and
knowledge transfer

Launched in 2000 as a project, it has evolved into a mature UN Centre of Excellence
with global outreach supported by a network of partners worldwide,

UNOSAT means over 1000 maps/analyses since 2000, tasking in over 250 disasters,
emergencies & conflicts; professional training; research & methodology

CERN support :30,000 core computing cluster , unlimited IT power and data storage

TRENDS 99

GIS as a resource

Illustration

Planning and operations (HQ vs.
Field )

Up to date and cost effective

Web-based, in the cloud, real-time

GIS as an enabling environment

Enables information to flow through emergency cycle phases and clusters

Readily available and inter-operable : one image is worth 1000 words

The “power of where” and the geospatial dimension as analytical tool

A solution capable of generating information management processes

UNOSAT - AREAS OF OUTPUT 100

Humanitarian Aid and Relief Coordination

• Crisis & Situational Mapping

• Damage assessment

Human Security

Monitoring

Human Rights

Safety and Security

Territorial Planning and Monitoring

Capacity Development & Technical Assistance

In-country project development

101

UNOSAT rapid mapping by type of emergency
2011

Exercises
7% Floods
29%

Complex
36%

Landslides Storms Earthquakes
3% 11% 3%

Tsunamis Technical/Chemical
4% Volcanic activities
4% 3%

102

Pakistan Floods 2010

Inhabitable or
destroyed homes Section of Hunza Lake 2010

Damaged
infrastructure
Economic damage,
agriculture loss

103

Hunza Landslide: January 4th 2010

A massive landslide blocked the Hunza river near Attabad in Gilgit-Baltistan
creating a natural dam that retained river water during the glacial melt season.

Blocked flow of the Hunza River for 5 months.

16.37km of Karakoram Highway (KKH) Flooded

As of 31st May lake size ~ 875 ha

106

Flood progression

15th May 2010 21st May 2010 31st May 2010

107

Pakistan flooding 2010

Natural aspects
Event start: End of July

Heavy rainfall in northern Pakistan
(Monsoon)

Flood extents from Swath valley to the
Arabic Sea

More than 37.000 Km2 of inundated land

Precipitated Water > Carrying capacity of
Indus River

Operational aspects
Multiscale analysis
MODIS, Radar, Optical

Different scale products delivered to end
users

109

Pakistan flooding 2010 – Human impact (18th August)
Progress within 10 days
Large Cities like Jacobabad are affected 120 – 150km

Flood Start of
prognosis Water
for the next Overflow
day

Sukkur Barrage causes retaining
Flooding further downstream
water further upstream

111

Highly dynamic flooding
extent clearly required
more rapid and diverse
analysis report products

Multiple single page A4
“Situational Update” reports
produced with satellite
imagery usually acquired
same day

More focus on describing
current status in near real
time and even trying to
estimate flood movement in
next 48hrs

112

6) Comprehensive
time series of flood
datasets allowed
additional products

Final flood water
analysis was conducted
in October 2010
(Disaster started in late
July!)

Terrasar-X from 21st September 2011 

• Multi-temporal analysis; disaster imagery
& archive imagery

• Use of multiple sensors to get the fullest
coverage of affected areas

• Deliverables given to end users were all
vectors derived from imagery analysis

Final Vector output
Satellite Image

Satellite-derived Information 115

Information from regional-scale images
Mekong River (Cambodia), 2008-floods
Flood extent
Reference image Disaster image Flood interpretation

Credits: UNOSAT; ESA
RADARSAT

117

New Product type request
from Local and
international agencies for
a Cumulative Maximum
Flood Water Extent

Dynamically combined all
flood water extents from
multiple dates and locations
into a single dataset

Continuously updated as
flood waters moved further
south inundating new areas
over one month after start of
disaster event

UNOSAT Satellite-derived maximum flood water
extent (July –October 2010) = 37,500km2
(controlled for normal pre-flood water extent
of rivers, reservoirs, lakes, etc. )

Total area of Pakistan = 796,662km2
(excluding Jammu Kashmir)

119

Conflict between Media, Government and Satellite-Based
Estimates of the Pakistan Flooding Extent:

“20% or 1/5th of Pakistan”
“As large as England”
“approximately 130.000 Km2”

Total flood inundated area,
within 5 weeks, is according to UNOSAT
analysis 4.7% of the country.
20 % of Pakistan

4.7 %

Relative comparison of inundated area

120

Baseline geographic data combined with
satellite imagery – Pakistan floods 2010
Google UNOSAT
Map
Maker + Flood
Water
Data for Analysis
Pakistan

Impact: Detailed and
comprehensive preliminary
damage analysis, feedback
into DRR

121

Pakistan flooding 2010 Human impact

GIS Analysis
Cross-referencing with other data-sets allows more detailed analysis
 beyond natural impact

Quantifying the impact on population is still difficult
 populated places are available but no accurate pop. Figures

Also documenting the impact on infrastructure (bridges, roads, hospitals...)

122

Flood extent data sharing

Social media integration, improved understanding, validation

Automatic geo-positioning and mapping of photos,
videos, text, voice (Android+)

Cost-efficient solutions (smart compression)

Tested in exercises, used in Haiti, Nigeria, Pakistan,
Thailand

GPS cameras, mobile phones (Android, iPhone)

124

Download the ASIGN Android App

www.geo-pictures.eu

125

Moving Forward Beyond Disaster Response

Disaster Risk Reduction capacity building

Increase in number of training courses in GIS and disaster risk reduction & response

Copenhagen, Nigeria, Costa Rica

Land-use analysis

Environmental impact analysis

Infrastructure Data

Roads, urban extents, ect. in remote areas where

disaster risk and vulnerability is high

126

In-country capacity development Activities

Strategic territorial planning & management

Where are things located ? Where should they be ? How to move them?

implementation and good
awareness phase analytical phase
governance phase

PREPAREDNES DIAGNOSTIC PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION AND FOLLOW UP

identification and
knowledge of
assessment of the definition of a local development
the territory implementation and evaluation
current situation strategy according to the diagnostic
(information and monitoring
and trends (SWOT plan
gathering)
analysis)

Geographic Information System

130

Thank you for your kind attention!

Questions?
Our services www.unitar.org/unosat

Your questions wendi.pedersen@unitar.org

Dr. Heather Bell
Science Advisor

DisasterAWARE

Fostering Disaster-Resilient Communities through
Information, Science, Technology and Exchange

International Disaster Risk Conference
26-30 August 2012
Davos, Switzerland

Presented By: Heather Bell, PhD

(c) Copyright 2006-2012 - PDC University of Hawaii: Managing Partnering

Risk and Vulnerability Assessment at PDC

Security and Sustainability through the Support of Disaster Risk
Reduction

(c) Copyright 2006-2012 - PDC

Components of Disaster

Hazard
Event Characteristics
In Exposed Area

Level of
Exposure/ Vulnerability
Affected Area
Disruption
of Exposed
Beyond
Elements
Ability to Cope

Human-Environment Coping Capacity
System of Exposed
Elements

Connectivity

PDC Addresses Each of these Components –
Singly and in Combination

Global Risk Assessment Project
 National Level Risk
Assessment for Globe
 Data and Results
Integrated Into PDC’s
Applications
 Support Familiarization
and DM Decision Making
 Visualize and Interact with
Contextual Data at
Multiple Levels
 Make Relevant Contextual
Data Easily Available in
Multiple Forms

© Copyright 2012 - PDC

PDC’s DisasterAWARE
 Integrated Multi-
Hazard Monitoring and
Early Warning
 Integrated Modeling
 Dynamic Data
 Historical Hazards
 Assets, Infrastructure
and Population Data
 Automated Reports
 Information Sharing
 Mobile Apps

© Copyright 2006 - 2012

Assessment Approach
 Multi-Hazard Risk is average of Multi-Hazard
Exposure, Vulnerability and Lack of Coping Capacity
 Multi-Hazard Exposure based on estimated average
annual exposure of GDP and Population to EQ,
Tsunamis, Floods and Tropical Cyclone Winds
 Vulnerability and Capacity considered hazard
independent
 Composite Index approach allows drill down into
drivers of Hazard Exposure, Vulnerability and Coping
Capacity

Global RVA Components
Multi-Hazard Vulnerability Coping
Exposure • Health Status Capacity
• Access to Clean
• Raw Exposure Water • Governance
• Pop • Access to Info • Economic
• GDP • Economic Strength
• Relative Constraints • Infrastructure
• Marginalization • Comms
Exposure
• Population • Transport
• Pop Pressures • Healthcare
• GDP • Environmental • Environmental
Stress Strength
• Recent Impacts
• Displaced
Populations


Global RVA Index Approach
MH Exposure Vulnerability Coping Capacity

Environmental Economic Strength of
Infrastructure
Strength Strength Government
Average Biome Voice and
Protection GNI per capita
Accountability
% Protected Area
Marine Reserves per Capita Control of Corruption

% Protected Area
Terrestrial Rule of Law

Government
Effectiveness
Healthcare Communications Transportation
Political Stability
Physicians per 10,000 Fixed & Mobile phone Airport & Seaport
persons subscriptions per 100 Density
Nursing & Midwifery persons Road and Railroad
per 10,000 persons Secure Internet Servers Density
Hospital Beds per per million people
10,000 persons
DM Social Media Scale

Risk Component Index:
Coping Capacity

Sub-Component
Index: Infrastructure

Sub-Index: Health
Care Capacity

Indicator: Hospital Beds
per 10000


Of the Countries “Affected” by the Tsunami,
Which Might Be Least Capable of Dealing with
the Effects?


Do We Have the Right Resources?


Who Might Be Left Out of Response or
Recovery Processes?


Is the Outreach Approach
Appropriate?


What About School Based
Campaigns?


PDC
1305 North Holopono Street, Suite 2,
Kihei, Hawaii 96753
http://www.pdc.org, info@pdc.org
Fostering Disaster-Resilient Communities Through 1-808-891-0525 - 1-808-891-0526 (Fax)
Information, Science, Technology, and Exchange

DisasterAWARE

Heather Bell, PhD
Science Advisor

Questions? Editor-in-Chief, Risk,
Hazards & Crisis in Public
Policy
808.891.7942
hbell@pdc.org

www.pdc.org
www.psocommons.org/rhcpp

(c) Copyright 2006-2012 - PDC University of Hawaii: Managing Partner

Might Water Bourne Disease Be Exacerbated?


Is the Population Already Unhealthy?


Can the Health System Likely Handle an
Emergency?


What about other Impacts of Disaster?


Do We Have the Right Supplies?


Who Might Be Left out of Response and
Recovery Processes?


Is the Outreach Approach Appropriate?


What about School Based Campaigns?


What about Format?


Russ Johnson - Understanding Disasters: Geospatial Technologies in Risk Reduction and Disaster Management

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Russ Johnson - Understanding Disasters: Geospatial Technologies in Risk Reduction and Disaster Management