Integrated Disaster Risk Management: Challenges for Its Implementation

1. Integrated Disaster Risk Management: Challenges for Implementation Hirokazu Tatano Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University, Japan

2. Contents Backgrounds: A decade’s activities (2001-2009) for DPRI-IIASA forum on Integrated Disaster Risk Management (IDRiM) Disaster Reduction Hyperbase (DRH) Expansion of IDRiM concepts From complex systems paradims to implementation sciences IDRiM Society

3. Background IIASA and DPRI, Kyoto Univ.(Amendola, Bayer, Okada) hosted 9 times for this series of international conferences, what we call IIASA-DPRI Forum on Integrated Disaster Risk Management (IDRiM). 2003 Kyoto: Nexus-IDRiM 2004 Ravello: Implementation Science 2005 WCDR: Thematic session : Case(study)-Station Field-Campus (CASiFiCA) Initiative 2007 Streza: Start discussion on IDRiM Society Oct. 15th2009, Kyoto, IDRiM Society Has been Lanched 2010, Sept 1-4, IDRiM10 at BOKU, Vienna, Austria

5. APEC-EqTAPSeminar, Jakarta, Sep. 2005 * 2005: UN-WCDR (World Conference on Disaster Reduciton) / HFA (Hyogo Frame for Action) 2005-2015 / "Disaster Reduction Portfolio" proposed by GoJ for implementation of HFA MEXT funding * 2005-2009: DRH Project (Disaster Reduction Hyperbase) / Compilation of "Implementation Technology")

7. Implementation technology:

8. Implementation oriented technology (IOT),

9. Process Technology (PT), and

11. * DRH-Asia web site DRH top page (ver.3.4 / as of April 2010)

12. * Contents of DRH (Knowledge and Wisdom for DRR) DRH Contents example (1) Application of satellite image (Japan) DRH Contents example (2) Seismic retrofit of school buildings (Japan) DRH Contents example (6) Indigenous Knowledge for Flood Disaster Reduction (China) DRH Contents example (4) Disaster risk assessment: public and private sector collaboration (Philippines) DRH Contents example (3) Seismic retrofit of housings (Indonseia) DRH Contents example (5) Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction (Indonesia)

13. Establishing IDRiM Concept What is integrated disaster risk management?

14. The first IIASA-DPRI meeting on Integrated Disaster Risk Management The purpose of the annual meetings is to present research and share ideas on selected issues of disaster risk management, keeping in mind the importance of integrating risk policy making with infrastructure development, communication, social networks and economic/financial planning. This first meeting focused specifically on reducing socio-economic vulnerability by mitigating natural and technological disaster risks and improving their financial management.

15. Integration of counter measures

16. City as a complex system

17. Ex：Activity overlaps between young and old people as a disaster risk potential Low High Safety Life in Community Niche Overlap Low High Land Use Built Environment Infrastructure Social Schemes Culture and Convention Natural Environment Ex. Effectiveness of hazard map type of information for disaster mitigation City B Vulnerable against Disaster Ex.Spatial-Temporal Impacts of the disaster on urban infrastructures City A Strong enough against the disaster Trade through road networks

18. The paradigm request for Multidisciplinary approach (not Interdisciplinary) Natural & social sciences, engineering, planning and management, financing, informatics, etc. Multi stakeholder involvement Specialist, citizens, governments, NGOs, business communities (e.g., insurance), etc.

19. Octopus Model:Multidisciplinary Approach We need multiple legs (polyped) which cling to other interface areas.

20. Reinforcing buildings (Landuse and Built Environment) Broad Road Fostering Community of Mutual Assistance (Infrastructure) Building Inspection and Auditing System (Life in community) (Social Schemes) Disaster Robust Culture (Culture and Convention)

21. Expansion of IDRiM concept Why we are gathering? Toward establishment of IDRiM Multi Stakeholder Approach requests for “Implementation”. What is Implementation Technology? Don’t us need scientific knowledge to find and implement IDRiM in the real world? Birth of “Implementation Science”

22. Integration KD: Spanning a gap between what we knowand what we do= Implementation knowledge

23. Three types of missing knowledge and One Already there (Okada 2005) Frontier knowledge: Still much unknown (eg. Location of active faults) Existing knowledge: Already much known (eg. Lessons learned from past disasters, predicted typhoon/hurricane approaching real-time. ) Implementation knowledge: Yet much unknown (eg. how to encourage and let people practice furniture nailing; still tacit and not formalized ) We do not know enough about the above fact. (eg. Self-isolation and Mindset by specialization)

24. Hurricane Catherina Well Imagined A year ago! When did this calamity happen? It hasn't—yet. But the doomsday scenario is not far-fetched. The Federal Emergency Management Agency lists a hurricane strike on New Orleans as one of the most dire threats to the nation, up there with a large earthquake in California or a terrorist attack on New York City. Even the Red Cross no longer opens hurricane shelters in the city, claiming the risk to its workers is too great.

25. Continued Gone with the WaterNational Geographic Magazine, Oct. 2004By Joel K. Bourne, Jr.Photographs by Robert Caputo and Tyrone Turner "The killer for Louisiana is a Category Three storm at 72 hours before landfall that becomes a Category Four at 48 hours and a Category Five at 24 hours—coming from the worst direction," says Joe Suhayda, a retired coastal engineer at Louisiana State University who has spent 30 years studying the coast.Suhayda is sitting in a lakefront restaurant on an actual August afternoon sipping lemonade and talking about the chinks in the city's hurricane armor. "I don't think people realize how precarious we are,"Suhayda says, watching sailboats glide by. "Our technology is great when it works. But when it fails, it's going to make things much worse."

26. Continued Gone with the WaterNational Geographic Magazine, Oct. 2004By Joel K. Bourne, Jr.Photographs by Robert Caputo and Tyrone Turner Such high stakes compelled a host of unlikely bedfellows—scientists, environmental groups, business leaders, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—to forget a radical plan to protect what's left. Drafted by the Corps a year ago, the Louisiana Coastal Area (LCA) project was initially estimated to cost up to 14 billion dollars over 30 years, almost twice as much as current efforts to save the Everglades.

27. Why NOT IMPLEMENTED?!! Mindset and Excused by High Priority Issues Improving Communication and De-segregation Structural Measures for Disaster Prevention Managing Poverty Increasing Risk Awareness and Capacity Building for Evacuation (Social-Colearning)

28. Nailing Furniture to the Wall(a Japanese Experience) ・Everybody agrees it’s important, but ・Very few people practices it. Why so?? ・Hypotheses to be continuously tested (for example): There are different groups of peoples with different attitudes. We need to identify some appropriate target people. -> “Social Marketing” Methods may be needed. Typology hypothesized: - I am eager to learn and practice it. Then I would like to assist others. -So far it was all right without it, so it will always be all right with me. -It is troublesome and I have more important things to do. -I would like to find some one who can help me but don’t know who he/she is. -Even if I can find someone like that, I still feel uncomfortable to have him/her step in my bedroom. Concerns are not known. Technology to listen their voices are needed! Find Viable Solution!

29. Where is Implementation Science? Applied Science Implementation Science Table: Categorization of science (Atsumi,2007)

30. THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR INTEGRATED DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT Launched on October 15th 2009, Kyoto, Japan

31. Objectives To promote interdisciplinary research and development on integrated disaster risk management contributing to the implementation of success models for efficient and equitable disaster risk management options. To promote knowledge transfer and dissemination of information and concepts on integrated disaster risk management

32. Features Integrated Disaster Risk Management Implementation science Information & Knowledge Sharing

33. Integrated Disaster Risk Management What should be integrated in DRM? Multiple hazards and risks: Human, Scocial Security: We are facing with not only natural hazards but also other hazards like, economic recession, losing jobs, etc. Natech: Natural hazards & Industrial accidents Countermeasures: Prevention, Mitigation, Risk-sharing, Retention/Preparation Decision Makers/ Stake Holders: Policymakers (International, national, local), NGOs, Citizens, academics, practitioners, Disciplines： Science(Natural, Social, Human), Arts: Engineering, Economics, Psychology, etc.

34. To whom do we want to reach knowledge & information ? Articles

35. What is the difference between IDRiM web journal and DRH? Implementation strategies, Knowledge and Technologies for Implementation Practice Academic Articles, including Implementation Science

36. The IDRiM Society pursues the following activities: Organization of research meetings, symposia and seminars; Publication of the International Journal of Integrated Disaster Risk Management (IDRiM Journal). Fostering of communication and exchange of knowledge and information between individuals and with academic and other related organizations

37. Join us! http://www.idrim.org/

38. Thank you for your attention! Next IDRiM Conference: Sept. 1-4 2010, BOKU in Vienna Contact: society@idrim.org