IDRC14 Marc van den Homberg28082014
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5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice 24-28 August 2014 in Davos, Switzerland
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IDRC14 Marc van den Homberg28082014
- 1. Towards novel community-based collaborative disaster management approaches in the new information 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org environment Marc van den Homberg Martijn Neef This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 313308
- 2. Large-scale disasters: complex process involving many stakeholders 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 donors and advocacy groups social groups ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org media municipalities military organisations volunteers businesses needs capacities national governments International, national, local NGOs civilians critical infrastructures professional care organisations online technical volunteers
- 3. Many collaboration and information gaps in the recovery phase 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org
- 4. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org The new information environment
- 5. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org The new information environment
- 6. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org The new information environment
- 7. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org The new information environment • Technical layer – Information architectures, mobile platforms and devices, methods of handling rich, novel data streams • Social layer – Social use of new technologies to create, validate and distribute information through personal, local, regional and global networks • Socio-technical layer – Combination to develop novel capabilities for a wide variety of novel outcomes, including new crowd effects Ref Goolsby, 2013
- 8. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org The new information environment: opportunities and threats • On-line self-organizing volunteer initiatives > offline action • Digital volunteers for crisis mapping • Unbound volunteer initiatives (of not necessarily skilled volunteers) can interfere with professionally-led activities • Lower entry barriers for new organizations • More organizations: increasing competition and coordination problems • Fast information sharing and collecting • Misinformation gets more easily spread • Crowd manipulation or hysteria propagation
- 9. The Community Based Comprehensive Recovery (COBACORE) approach Match the collaboration issues with the new information environment opportunities • Develop a vision on how stakeholders can improve the 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org recovery process by working better together • Build a demonstration platform making use of the new information environment • Create a network of supporters that can adopt the outcomes and bring it into practice http://www.cobacore.eu
- 10. responding professionals 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org The COBACORE communities responding community affected community
- 11. responding professionals 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org The COBACORE issues responding community affected community needs & capacity matching
- 12. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org FUNCTIONS ISSUES • enhance information exchange • facilitate collaboration • improve needs and capacity matching information exchange needs & capacity matching collaboration support COBACORE functions
- 13. Features Functions Issues must-have should-have 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 COBACORE features ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org could-have information exchange needs & capacity matching collaboration support feature feature pack
- 14. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Ten core features • Four facilities to register actors, needs, capacities and activities • Three overviews of needs and capacities, actors and their activities, the baseline situation • Basic recovery monitoring views • Information exchange options • Matching needs with capacities – Category: 12 societal domains such as transport, health or education – Type: service or skill, information and asset (tangible or intangible) (sought for or offered)
- 15. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org The COBACORE platform Enhance information exchange >> shared understanding Facilitate collaboration >> re-directing and empowering Improve needs and capacity matching Effective Recovery Current processes Operational value Fits with procedures useful & usable for COBACORE platform
- 16. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org The COBACORE platform
- 17. The COBACORE platform 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org
- 18. • Developed in the COBACORE project under the direction of Kenny 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Meesters from Tilburg University • Goal – evaluate the platform by comparing user groups interacting with the platform and user groups using state-of-the-art social media (twitter, facebook, skype and trello) – improve cooperation and coordination skills of stakeholders by using the platform in a cooperative development game • Game design – table-top turn-based simulation game – evolving scenario: flood in Belfast area, three stages – user group profiles, goals for each user group, workflows and actions – duration about three hours
- 19. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Neighbourhood 1 4 p Neighbourhood 2 4 p Neighbourhood 3 4 p Neighbourhood 4 4 p Neighbourhood 5 4 p Affected communities Responding community 1 3 p Responding community 2 2 p Responding community 3 2 p Responding community Coordinating Professionals 3 p Responding professionals 1 3 p Professionals Game management 2 p Observers / instructors 8 p COBACORE groups Introduction Responding professionals 2 2 p Responding professionals 3 2 p Workshops
- 20. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org
- 21. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org The way forward • Platform development – Life cycle of needs and capacities – Overview that indicates the coverage and gaps – Who is doing what and where (3W) overview – Hybrid collaborative platform (digital and non-digital) • Game development – “Validate for use”: are learning objectives reached? • Facilitate adoption of both game and platform – Focus on all three layers: technical, social and socio-technical – For each user group slightly different, tailor-made interfaces – Piloting in other contexts – Use the platform also outside recovery phases for other purposes? • Let us know if you are interested!
- 22. Adopting the project outcome: COBACORE as a…. A global platform? A national or regional platform? A community-wide platform? A professionals-only platform? A thematic-oriented platform? Platform at end-user level or higher An all-purpose, all-hazard platform? 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org aggregation level? A government-led service? A community-managed platform? A first step towards an operational tool, an integrator on top of social media?
- 23. Added value for the Post 2015 Framework for 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Disaster Risk Reduction • Pre-zero draft priority area: – Preparedness for response, recovery and reconstruction: promoting regular disaster preparedness exercises – Understanding disaster risk: promote community-based training initiatives, considering the role of volunteers • Research: game and platform validated for use • Education and training: add to disaster preparedness exercises a game on coordination/information management • Implementation and practice: ensure adoption of the platform and game by developing tailor-made versions • Policy: stimulate incorporation of coordination/information management processes and exercises into (inter)national policy frameworks and disaster management plans
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Thank you Tina for your excellent introduction. My presentation will reflect the paper I wrote together with my TNO colleague Martijn Neef. However due to the broad range of stakeholders amongst you -as I am sure- I will in my presentation not elaborate into depth on the NGO perspective (as I did in my paper). Supporting organisations of this work are Cordaid one of the largest Dutch NGOs and TNO, the Netherlands Research and Technology Organisation and last but not least the EU FP7 COBACORE consortium
- Let me start by setting the scene. Large scale disasters are complex events involving many stakeholders. For example in the response and recovery phase in the Philippines in each cluster of the UN Cluster system were between 50 up to 560 organisations active. One can easily imagine that it will not be easy to match needs and capacities, especially so in the recovery phase
- Gaps at different levels: int, nat, reg and local, within an organisation (iNGO, nat NGO, local NGO) but also between organisations So how to deal with all these gaps?
- Well, luckily there is an important trend that can maybe be utilized. I will call this trend the new information environment. Here you see a picture of when I was in Bangladesh recently I asked people living in a very poor rural area to show their mobile phones and nearly everyone was able to show one, often even simple smartphones!
- And new developments are coming also each day, e.g. crowdsourcing has also developed into crowdgaming
- How to characterize the new information environment, wel we have different forms: social media, crowdsourcing/crowdfunding/crowdgaming etc, online collaboration tools and citizen capacity initiatives
- But also different layers
- Start mid 2013
- Affected professionals Resilient community
- Affected professionals Resilient community
- 10 features: facilities to register (a) actors, (b) needs, (c) capacities and (d) activities; options to match needs with capacities (e); option to obtain an overview of (f) needs and capacities, (g) actors and their activities and (h) the baseline situation; basic recovery monitoring views (i); and information exchange options (j). Needs and capacities are categorized via an expressive category and type system. A ‘category’ is one of twelve main societal domains that play a role in disaster recovery, such as transport, health or education. A ‘type’ is the sort of thing that is being sought or offered, where we distinguish three types: service or skill, information and asset (tangible or intangible). The combination of one or more categories with a type gives a simple yet expressive way to characterize needs, capacities, and activities. The COBACORE platform is implemented as a web service and is accessible through laptop or mobile device for each of the user groups: professionals, responding community and affected community
- A platform for more effective recovery through closing collaboration gaps and supporting self-sustaining communities Needs overview Community-generated data Community awareness Marketplace Volunteer management Volunteer training Activity mapping enhance information exchange facilitate collaboration improve needs and capacity matching
- The COBACORE platform is implemented as a web service and is accessible through laptop or mobile device for each of the user groups: professionals, responding community and affected community
- Observe, interpret and evaluate experiences of end-users Assess operational value of integrated parts in practice Test whether COBACORE has the right functionality Determine how COBACORE can be further improved Flood in Belfast Urban Area Several areas are affected to various extents Multiple organizations are responding We play 3 stages: Rescue & Relief (Wed) Recovery (Thu) Reconstruction & Development (Thu)
- Affected population: Divided over 5 neighborhoods, Responding community: Church, Scouting and ‘Facebook Response’ Responding professionals: Red Cross, Cordaid, Municipality, group of coordinating professionals. 37 participants in total and 8 observers from the COBACORE consortium. A mix of professionals from municipality and safety region, trained volunteers of NLRC and GRC and students participated in the evaluation. a two day evaluation was organized in Rotterdam to investigate the above research questions and hypotheses. On the first day background information about the COBACORE project and concept was provided to end-users, experts and stakeholders. Participants received a demonstration of the COBACORE platform and instructions to use its functionality. They performed a training session to familiarize themselves with the Belfast flooding scenario and their roles. On the second day participants used the COBACORE platform to perform the tasks associated with their roles. End-users and experts performed their tasks and experienced the COBACORE platform in simulated environment: the COBAgame. In the afternoon participants used a mix of social media (e.g. twitter, facebook) to be able to compare experiences. The behavior of participants was observed and logged in COBACORE and their opinions concerning collaboration, operational value, fit with procedures and usefulness and usability were gathered with questionnaires and focus group sessions. After both scenarios, discussion sessions were held to pinpoint which current functionalities and features of the platform needed improvement and how they could be improved. Results were used to answer research questions and hypotheses
- In pursuing the three strategic goals, and drawing from the knowledge and experience matured in the implementation of the HFA and the previous instruments, there is a need for focused, specific, yet mutually supportive actions in the local, national, regional and global contexts, in key priority areas, namely understanding disaster risk; strengthening governance to manage disaster risk; preparedness for response, recovery and reconstruction; and investing in social, economic, and environmental resilience.understanding disaster risk; strengthening governance to manage disaster risk; preparedness for response, recovery and reconstruction; and investing in social, economic, and environmental resilience.