The document discusses how the Internet of Things (IoT) could help with disaster and risk management. It describes the IoT as physical objects connected to the internet that can be remotely monitored and controlled. Examples are given of projects using IoT technologies like sensors and earth observation data to help with early warning systems, monitoring health risks, and supporting critical decision making. The conclusion argues that the IoT should be further developed and integrated into frameworks like the post-2015 DRR accord, with an emphasis on open standards, secure and scalable infrastructure, and partnerships between technical and disaster management experts.

1. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
The trend towards theInternet of Things: What does it help in Disaster and Risk Management ?
Thomas UsländerFraunhofer IOSB, Germany

2. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Can theInternet ofThingsHelp UsAvoidDisasters?
http://www.datanami.com/2014/03/11/can_the_internet_of_things_help_us_avoid_disasters_/
DatanamiarticleofMarch 11, 2014
“[With] all the data and information we have right now, we can definitely make better decisions.”
Dr. Carlos Valdes, head of national seismological service for UNAM (Universidad Nacional Autónomade México)

3. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Content
1.What is the Internet of Things ?
2.Interoperability Challenge
3.Project Examples
4.Conclusion: Added value for the Post 2015 Framework for DRR

4. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Devices connected through the Internet  Internet of Things

5. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
•Internet-connected Objects
•unique identification
•location (GPS, GALILEO)
•embedded software (smart objects, cyber-physical systems)
•Internet technology (data, services)
Characteristics

6. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Internet ofThings in theGartner Hype Cycle 2013
Internet ofThings
Internet ofThings 2023
Will therequirementsofRiskandDisasterManagement bemet?
Big Data

7. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Sensors as Internet-Connected Objects
SocialMedia (crowdsourcing)
opticalsensors
in-situ/mobile sensors
(environment, buildings,…)
Smartphones(crowdsensing)

8. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Community Sense andResponse (CSR) Systems
http://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2014/7/176219-community- sense-and-response-systems/fulltext
http://csn.caltech.edu/
“~50 phones […] should be enough to detect
a nearby magnitude 5+
with close to 100% detection rate.” [Faulkner et al, 2014]

9. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Content
1.What is the Internet of Things ?
2.Interoperability Challenge
3.Project Examples
4.Conclusion: Added value for the Post 2015 Framework for DRR

10. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Internet of Things (1)
Physical World
Virtual World
Illustration taken from quantumcinema(c)
Internet ofThings

11. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Internet of Things (2) – Interoperability Challenge
Physical World Virtual World
Illustration taken from quantumcinema (c)
Infra-structure
Platform
Human
World
Services (e.g. Open Geospatial Consortium OGC)
(Smart) Solutions
TECHNOLOGY
BUSINESS MODEL

12. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
International Initiatives
EO sensors
EO Data
Web Services
EO System- of-systems
Services by Systems
federal
national
European
World
INSPIRE
GMES
Geo-Portal
Land Monitoring
Atmosphere Monitoring
Marine Environment Monitoring
Emergency Management
Security
Climate Change
GEOSS
Disasters
Health
Energy
Climate
Water
Weather
Ecosystems
Agriculture
Biodiversity
Functional Scope
RegionalScope
Spatial data infrastructure

13. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
GEOSS -A Global, Coordinated, Comprehensive and Sustained System of Earth Observing Systems
Slid
e 13
timely, quality, long-term, global information
basis for sound decision making.
disasters
health
energy
climate
agriculture
ecosystems
biodiversity
water
weather

14. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Content
1.What is the Internet of Things ?
2.Interoperability Challenge
3.Project Examples
4.Conclusion: Added value for the Post 2015 Framework for DRR

15. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
EO2HEAVEN (http://www.eo2heaven.org/) Impact ofenvironmental factorson health
Waterbornediseasecholera
Image: S. Woodborne, CSIR
Air Quality and/orAeroallergens
Image: UKZN
Durban,
Saxony
Uganda
HEALTH DATA
EARTH OBSERVATIONS
WEB-ENABLED PROCESSING,
MODELLING AND FUSION
RISK MAPS
ALERTING TOOLS

16. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
TRIDEC (http://www.tridec-online.eu/
•real-time intelligent information management supporting
•collaborative, complex critical decision processes in earth management
Two real scenarios:
•Tsunami Early Warning System (Natural Crisis Management)
•Drilling Operations (Industrial Subsurface Development)
16

17. 5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Upstream from
Sensor Systems
Downstream to
Target Groups
Decide-and-Act
IoT Infrastructure
Information Management Infrastructure
Management
Engineering
Context Models
(Geo-) Environment
Human Interaction
data acquisition
dedicated
channels
Basic Architecture ofWarning Systems
(Earthquake/Tsunami)

18. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Content
1.What is the Internet of Things ?
2.Interoperability Challenge
3.Project Examples
4.Conclusion: Added value for the Post 2015 Framework for DRR

19. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Support of the Implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action
•Early warning systems part of priority 2
–Assessment
•Up-to-now widely addressed using state-of-the art Internet technology
•Early warning systems shall be people-centred
–Assessment
•potential of the emerging Internet of Things to be exploited
•focus on the complementary capabilities of Internet- connected objects and humans

20. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Input to Post 2015 Framework for DRR: Research
Open, scalable, dependable and secure information and communication (ICT) infrastructure  DRR profile of the Internet of Things (IoT)
•rely upon open standards
•have well-defined service levels (also in times of stress !)
•work also (probably in limited fashion) in crisis situations
•be self-configurable, self-repairing and self-adapting
•have tailored applications with easy-to-use, intuitive user interfaces
•be open to all stakeholders
•obey data privacy and security regulations
–see OECD fair information principles

21. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Input to Post 2015 Framework for DRR (2)
•Education & Training
–how to design and use such an infrastructure (software engineers)
–how to develop DRR applications (software engineers)
–how to use the DRR applications (DRR experts, end-users)
•Implementation & Practice
–step-by-step as a global system-of-systems in a coordinated, multi- organizational (UN, WHO, WMO,…) endeavour
–support civil-military cooperation
•Policy
–need for common conviction, willingness and agreement of global, regional and local stakeholders
–public-private-partnerships
–continuous interdisciplinary dialogue, also between the DRR community (requirements) and the computer science community (capabilities)

22. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
DRR Strategy
IoT Infrastructure
Business Services
View ofDRR Expert
SpecificServices
GenericServices
View ofICT Expert
DRR requirements
IoT capabilities/ services
gap
Bridge theGap
Future IDRC sessiontopic?

23. 5thInternational Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014
‘Integrative Risk Management -The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland
www.grforum.org
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Usländer
Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhoferstr. 1
76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
e-mail: thomas.uslaender@iosb.fraunhofer.de
It’s a great time we are living in !