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Health and Community Design
Overweight is Epidemic Rates in Adults ,[object Object],[object Object],                                                                            (
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1985 (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data  <10%  10%–14%
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1989 (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data  <10%  10%–14%
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1993 (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data  <10%  10%–14%   15%–19%
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1997 (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data  <10%  10%–14%   15%–19%  ≄20
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 2000 (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data  <10%  10%–14%   15%–19%  ≄20
(*BMI  ï‚ł 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) No Data  <10%  10%–14%   15%–19%  20%–24%  ≄25% (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 2002
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 2004 No Data  <10%  10%–14%   15%–19%  20%–24%  ≄25% (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
OBESITY  Risk Factors for the Chronic Disease ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Leading Causes of Obesity ,[object Object],[object Object]
Poor Nutrition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Physical Inactivity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Percentage of Trips in Urban Areas Made by Walking and Bicycling: North America and Europe 1995
The disappearing walk to school ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
20% to 30% of morning peak traffic is parents driving kids to school
Increasing Vehicle Travel
Explaining the Epidemic ,[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
 
Improving Health through Community Design
Traffic Calming
Street Lighting
Improving Street Crossings
Compact/ Mixed Use Development
Attractive Street Design
Street Design & Connectivity
Transit-Oriented Development
Community Design/ Health Links ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Public Health Impacts of the Built Environment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Acute Asthma Events Among Children and Youth During the 1996 Summer Olympic Games Data Source Type of Asthma Event Mean No. of Events Per Day % Change Baseline Period* Olympic Period+ GA Medical Claims Emergency care and hospitalizations 4.23 2.47 -41.6 HMO Emergency care, urgent care and hospitalizations 1.36 0.76 -44.1 Emergency Departments Emergency care and hospitalizations 4.77 4.24 -11.1 GA Hospital Discharges Hospitalizations 2.04 1.65 -19.1
Best Practices
King County, Washington ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ron Sims, King County Executive
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Health as a General Plan Goal  in King County, WA Seattle, Washington
Los Angeles County ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What Can Cities Do?  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Integrate Health into General Plan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Models in California ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Integrate Health into Specific Plans ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
California  Assembly Bill 437 Authorizes the county health officer to provide assistance to cities and counties with local land use planning and transportation planning processes as they relate to public health.

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Health + Community Design

  • 2.
  • 3. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1985 (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data <10% 10%–14%
  • 4. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1989 (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data <10% 10%–14%
  • 5. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1993 (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19%
  • 6. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1997 (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≄20
  • 7. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 2000 (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% ≄20
  • 8. (*BMI ï‚ł 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” person) No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≄25% (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 2002
  • 9. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 2004 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≄25% (*BMI ≄30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. Percentage of Trips in Urban Areas Made by Walking and Bicycling: North America and Europe 1995
  • 15.
  • 16. 20% to 30% of morning peak traffic is parents driving kids to school
  • 18.
  • 19.  
  • 20.  
  • 21.  
  • 22.  
  • 23. Improving Health through Community Design
  • 27. Compact/ Mixed Use Development
  • 29. Street Design & Connectivity
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34. Acute Asthma Events Among Children and Youth During the 1996 Summer Olympic Games Data Source Type of Asthma Event Mean No. of Events Per Day % Change Baseline Period* Olympic Period+ GA Medical Claims Emergency care and hospitalizations 4.23 2.47 -41.6 HMO Emergency care, urgent care and hospitalizations 1.36 0.76 -44.1 Emergency Departments Emergency care and hospitalizations 4.77 4.24 -11.1 GA Hospital Discharges Hospitalizations 2.04 1.65 -19.1
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43. California Assembly Bill 437 Authorizes the county health officer to provide assistance to cities and counties with local land use planning and transportation planning processes as they relate to public health.

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. We have never had an epidemic like this that we have been able to track so thoroughly and see. As I told you, this is conservative. About 60 million adults, or 30 percent of the adult population, are now obese, which represents a doubling of the rate since 1980.
  2. Marin, Co SR2S evaluation: 64% increase in number of kids walking to school with safety &amp; traffic calming improvements &amp; encouragement. CA SR2S evaluation: 15% of kids walked to school more often after physical improvements (vs. 4% when no improvements).
  3. Health Element or “Healthy Commumities” Component or integrated into existing Elements?