Unit 7 The Christian Kingdoms

Unit
7

The
Chris-an
Kingdom

Essen-al

Vocabulary

Chris&an-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐Cris&anos

Decline-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐Disminución

Dynasty-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐Dinas5a

County-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐Condado

Expansion-‐-‐-‐-‐Expansión

Feudal
Stat-‐-‐Estado
feudal

Independence-‐-‐-‐Independencia

Islamic-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐Islámico

Jewish-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐Judío

Manuscript-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐Manuscrito

Military
Orders-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐Órdenes
Miltares

Reconquest-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐Reconquista

Repopula&on-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐Repoblación

Resistance-‐-‐-‐Resistencia

Stockbreeding-‐-‐Ganadería

1
How
did
the
Chris-an
kingdoms
begins?

-‐The
Muslims
conquered
almost
the
en&re
Iberian
Peninsula

except
for
Cantabria
and
the
Pyrenees.
Many
visigoths
took

refuge
in
these
areas,
where
they
founded

Chris&an
Kingdoms

between
the
8th
and
9th
centuries.

-‐The
Chris&an
kingdoms
coexisted
with
Al-‐Andalus
for
eight
hundred
years.

They
traded
together,
and
there
were
some
cultural
exchanges,
but
they
also

Fought
over
territory.

Chris-an
resistence

Asturias
and
León

The
kingdom
of
Asturias
emerged
in
the
forst
half
of
the
8th
century.

In
718,
the
Visigoths
chose
Pelayo
as
their
king.
He
defeated
the
muslims

at
the
baXle
of
Covadonga
in
722.
The
court
was
established
in
Oviedo

In
the
10th
century,
the
capital
of
the
kingdom
was
moved
to
León,
and

the
region
became
the
Kingdom
of
León.

True
or
False

a)  The
Chris&an
kingdoms
were
founded
in
Cantabria
and
the
Pyrenees

between
the
8th
and
9th
centuries

b)
The
Chris&an
kingdoms
co-‐existed
with
Al-‐Andalus
for
seven
hundred
years

c)
Pelayo
fought
the
Muslims
at
the
BaXle
of
Covadonga
in
733.

d)
The
kingdom
of
León
was
established
in
the
10th
century

2)
Why
did
the
Chris&an
live
in
mountainous
regions?

Cas-le

Under
the
Caliphate
of
Córdoba,
the
Muslims
aXacked
León.
At
the
same
&me,

Cas&le
provided
defence
against
Muslims
aXacks
from
the
valley
of
the
River
Ebro.

It
was
divided
into
coun&es
under
count
Fernán
González(
930-‐970)

In
1035
Cas&lle
became
an
independent
kingdom.

What
was
the
art
of
the
Chris-an
kingdoms
like?

Asturian
art

Asturian
art
developed
between
the
8th
and
10th
centuries.

The
best
examples
are
small
stone

chucrches
in
or
near
Oviedo
suchs
as

San
Miguel
de
Lillo

However,
the
best
known
is
Santa
María
del
Naranco,
which
was
originally
built

as
a
palace
but
later
used
as
a
church.

Asturian
art
also
included
some
ﬁne
gold
and
silverwork,
such
as
the
Cross
of
the

Angels

Mozarabic
art

The
Mozarabic
style
emerged
in
the
Chris&an
Kingdom
in
the
10th
century.

It
was
developed
by
Mozarabs
who
had
run
away
from
Al
Andalus.

-‐The
interiors
of
the
churches
are
similar
to
muslim
art
in
their
use
of

Horseshoe
arches
and
capitals.
The
best
example
is
the
church
of
San
Miguel
de
Escalada

Mudejar
art

Mudejar
art
emerged
in
the
12th
century
in
Sahagún,
León.

Mudejar
was
the
name
given
to
the
Muslims
who
remained
in
the
Chris&an

Kingdoms
aier
the
Reconquest.

The
buildings
constructed
by
these
Muslims
was
characterized
by
the
use

of
bricks
and
cereamics
&les.
In
Seville
we
have
remains
of
these
style

Read
the
sentences.
What
do
they
refer
to?

1.  These
were
the
three
styles
of
art
characteris&c
of
the
Chris&an
kingdoms

2.  This
style
developed
between
the
8th
and
10th
centuries.

3.  These
features
are
chracteris&c
of
Islamic
art.

4.  Bricks
and
ceramic
&les
were
used
in
the
style
of
art.

Could
you
imagine
how
it
would
be
a
royal

recep-on
when
the
building
was
a
palace?

Santa
María
del
Naranco

(Oviedo)

4
The
Three
cultures

Aier
the
conquest,
there
was
three
main
cultures:
Chris&an,
Islamic
and
Jewish.

These
group
usually
lived
separately.
They
did
not
intermarry,
and
they
had

Their
own
customs.

-‐The
Chris&ans
were
the
dominant
group.

-‐The
Mudejars
many
of
them
moved
to
Granada

-‐The
Jews.
Their
rela&ons
with
the
other
group
were
tense,
especially
from
the
14
th

century
onwards.
They
were
some&mes
persecuted.

Toledo
is
called
The
City
of
the
Three
Cultures.
Why?

5
The
Road
of
San-ago

-‐When
did
the
pilgrims
start
to
go
to
San&ago?

-‐Why
was
San&ago
a
popular
des&na&on
for

pilgrims?

-‐In
what
ways
was
the
Road
important
to
Cas&le?

Answer
theses
ques&ons
aier
read

page
number
64

!
Tell
us
something
about
the
clothes
that
the

pilgrims
worn

Analyse
a
biography:
El
Cid,
legend
and
reality

Read
page
65
and
answer
the
ques&ons

Unit 7 The Christian Kingdoms

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