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        600           ,
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         "                                                                                                                                                                  "
                                              600                                                 ,




    1.                                                           :                                                                                     –
                                  ,                                                                                                                ,
                                                                                                                  (        . 3-6)
    2.                                                               (       . 6-7)
    3.                                                                   –                                                        ,
                                                                                  (           . 7-9)
    4.                                    –                                                                           ,
                                                                                                                       (    . 9)
    5.                                                                                                                                -
                                                                                                              :                                -                    (           . 10)
    6.                                                   ,                                                                    ,                                                     –
                                          (   . 11-14)
    7.                   (   . 14)
    8.                                                                                (        . 14-19)




                     "                                                                                                                                     "
                 "                                                                                                                                          "



                                                    ,                                                                                                                   –
                                                        40                        ,                                                                             ,
                                                                                                                                           15-20
                                                             .                                    ,                                                                         .
                                              :                                                                                                            ,
    •

                              ,                                                           "                                               ",
             ,                                                                .                           .
    •                ,                                                                                                                         ,
             .
    •                ,
                                      ,                                                               .

                                                    .                                                                                 ,
:                                                                                            3


              ,                                                                               .
                                                                                                                                                                       ,
                                                         ,                                                                                  .

                      .

                          "                                                           "

                          "                                                               "                                                              .
                                                :
•                                                                                                                  ,                –

•                                    ,                                                                (1-2                                      ),
                                                                     –                            –
                                                                                                                                                     .

                                           ,                                                                                                    .



          600
                                                                         -                                                                               ,
                  ,                                                                                   .                                 ,
                          250                                        -                                                     33               ,
                                                                                                                                                                       .

                                                                                                              ,
                              ,                                                                                ,
"                                                                        ".




                                                    1.                                                                          :




                                                             ,                                                                                               .

                                                                 ,


                                                         ,                        •
                                                                                                  (16)
                                                                                  •                                                                              (2)

    •                                      (1-7)
    •                                                            (8-9)
    •                                    (9-10)
    •                                                                             •
    (11-13)                                                                                               ,            ,
    •                                                    (9-10)
    •                                                                             (17-20)
                                          (8)                                     •
    •                                                                                                                                                ,
                                  (14)                                                                    ,                 ,                   ,                 ,
    •
                                                                 –                (17-18)
                                         (4, 13, 15)
4                                                                            :




                                                                                 •
                                                                                         (31)
                                                                                 •
                                                                                                                                       (9)
                                                                                 •

                                                                                                   -
                 80%
                                                                                                                                                         (14)
                                                                                 •                                  ,
                 60%
                                                                                 (103)
                                                                                 •                                                     –
                 40%

                                                                                 (104-105)
                 20%
                                                                                 •                 ,                                             ,
                   0
                                                                                                                               -             :
                                                                                 -                                                                   ,
                                                                     ,
                                                                                                                        (32)
                           ,                                                     -                                                                   ,

                                .         : Education 107: 49-54, 1986                                                    (8)
                                                   (                 )           -                                                                   ,
    •                                         (2, 5, 21)
    •                                       (2)
    •                                                  (9)                                                   (33)


    •                                                        :

                               (22)
    •                                                                    :                   15
    -                                                                                        10
                 (14, 23-28)
                                                                                         )




    -                                                                                         5
                                                                                         (




                                (29-30)                                                       0
    -                                                            ,
                                            (7)                                               -5

                                                                                             -10

                                                                                             -15

                                                                                                                          ,

                                                                                               ,
             ,




                   100%                                                                                                                   ,
                                                                                                                      .          : Person-
                   80%
                                                                                     ality and Individual Differences 12: 1105-1116, 1991.
                   60%
         ,




                   40%

                   20%                                                           •                           (34-36)
                                                                                 •                                                               (37)
                       0




                                                       ,
                                                             ,
                                                                                 •                                                 :

                                                                                                                                             (38-40)
                                                       .                         •
                    : British Journal of Educational Psychology                                        (41-42)
        55: 164-166, 1985.
:                                                                               5




•                                                           (42)
•                                                                                                                         -
                                                   (42)
•
(43)
                                                                                               10

                                                                                               8
•                                                                (2, 42, 44)                   6
•
                         (9, 45-47)                                                            4

•                                                 (42)                                         2

                                                                                               0

•                                                                                              -2
                                                            :

                                                                                                                    " -                   ",
                                              ;                                                                 .                              ,
                                                                                           "                   "                  "               ".
                        (47)                                                                        : British Journal of Psychology 73: 57-68, 1982.


                                                                                       •                                                            :
                                                                                                                                      ,
                                                                                                          ;
                                                                                                      ,                          ;
                                                                                                                     (16)
           15%                                                                         •       "                                               ":
           10%
                                                                                                             (38-40)
            5%
                                                                                       •                                                                    (2,
                0                                                                      40, 50)
           -5%                                                                         •                                                            (51)
                                                                                       •          " -             " (52)
          -10%
                                                                                       •                                                                   (2,
          -15%                                                                         51, 53-54)
          -20%                                                                         •
                         1418                                                          (9)
    (      ),                                                                          •                                                         (43, 55-56)
                    ,          ,                                                       •                                                  (44)
                                                                                       •                                                          (9)
                                                13,8%        –
       ,                                .          : Amer-
                                                                                       •                                                         (9, 38-40,
    ican Journal of Health Promotion 14: 284-291, 2000.                                42-46, 51-52, 54-55, 57-64)


•
                                   (48)                                                •                                        (2, 42, 44, 54–55, 57–
•                                                                                      58, 60, 62, 65)
                    (9, 42, 45-46, 49)                                                 •                                             (42–43, 58)
                                                                                       •                                                                  (43,
                                                                                       45, 51, 59, 62)
•                                         :                                    ,       •                                      (43, 51, 55)
                                                                (38-40)                •                                                  (60)
•                                                                                      •                                           (60, 71)
                                                     (40)                              •                                              (44–45)
•                                                                                      •                                            (42, 66–70)
                                                                                       •                                                     (42, 55, 61,
                                                            (50)                       66–69, 72)
                                                                                       •                                                                (43, 66–
                                                                                       69, 73)
6                                                                                                  :




                                                                                                       •                                                        ,
                                                                                                                                                    (44)
                                                                                                       •
                                                                                                                                  (44)
                                                                                                       •
               2.0                                                                                                                                                             (54)
               1.5

               1.0
                                                                                                       •                                                    ,
               0.5                                                                                                                                                         ,
                 0
                                                                                                                          ,
                                                                                                                      :
                                                      ,
                                                                                                       -
                                                                   ,             14                                                   (53)
                                                                                                       -                                         (53)
                                         .                                                             •
                                                  (                         ),
                     ,                        ,                                       ,                (53)
                         ,                                                                             •
                      .          : Dissertation Abstracts In-
                                                                                                                  :
        ternational 38(7): 3372B-3373B, 1978.
                                                                                                       -
                                                                                                       (74)
                                                                                                       -              " -                               (
    •                                                                       (3)                                               ) (74)
    •                                                                       (44)                       •                                                                          :
    •                                                                                                                                             (75)
                                                                (39, 43–44)                            •                                                                  :
    •                                                         (43)                                     -                                                                  (76)
    •                                                                                                  -                                                                (76-77)
                                         (42)                                                          -                                                (76-77)
    •                                                                           ,                      -                                                                (76)
                                                                             (44)                      -
    •                                                 (43)
    •                            (51)                                                                                         (77)
    •                                                     (2, 44)                                      •                                           (78-79)




                                         2.



                                                                                                              .

                                                          –                               iq                          ,
                                                               .
                             ,                                                                                                               ,
                                                                       ,
                                                                                                                                  ,                                 ,

                                  (7).                                                                                        ,
                                                                                               ,                                                                    (2).
                                                                       iq                                                                                                             ,
                                                                                                                                                            ,
                                                                                           .                                           .                                              ,


                                         .
7




           3                                                                        40%

                                                                                    30%
           2
                                                                                    20%

           1                                                                        10%

                                                                                         0
           0
                                                                                -10%
           -1                                                                                                              ,
                                                                                                                                                  ,
                                      ,
                                                        ,
                                                                                                              (
    14
                                                                                    ),
              .            : Dissertation Abstracts In-
                                                                                                                     .                            :
    ternational 38(7): 3372B- 3373B, 1978.
                                                                          Perceptual and Motor Skills 39: 1031-1034, 1974.

•                                                                                                                               ,                     -

                                              (17-18),                          ,
                                                                                                                                  ,
(12)                                                         ,                                                                  (102).

                                                                                                 ,                          .                         ,
                                                                 (13).                                                                        ,
                                                                                             ,                                                        ,
                     ,                        ,                      ,                                                              ,
                                          ,
(3–4, 7, 15, 19–21);                                                                                                                   .
                                                                                                         Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly
(50)                -                             (38-40)                (80)
                                                                 .                                       ,
                                                                     .
           -                                                                                         ,                              ,
                                ,                                                                                    ,                                .


      3.

                                          ,
                                                                                                 .
                                                                                                              ,
                                      ;                                                                                                            ;
                                                       ,                                                                                          .
                                                                                                                                    .
                .
                                              ,

                                                                                                                         2000

                (77, 81)                          (9, 82).           ,                                       (47).         ,
                                                                                                                                                      ,
                                                                                                 50%-
                           (9, 83),
                                                                                                                                                      ,
                           –                                                                                                             17
8




                                                                                                                                          ,

                                                               :                                            .
                                                                                                                                                               ,
                                                                                                            ,                                                  ,
             20%
                                                                                                                        (84).
                  0                                                                                 ,
             -20%
                                                                                                                        ,                          ,
             -40%
                                                                                                ,
            -60%                                                                            ,
            -80%                                                                                                                                       .
                                                                                                                                                               ,
            -100%

                                   2 000
                                           ,                                                                                         (40).
                           ,           ,

                                                                                                                                                   (2, 21),
                                                                      .                                         ,
             : Psychosomatic Medicine 49: 493-507, 1987                                                                     (9–10, 14, 27).

                                   ,
                                                                                        ,
                                87%,
                             –   87%,
                            –     73%,
                          –    55%.                                                                     (                                     ).
                                                                                                    ,
                                   ,                                                                                                                           .

    13,8%                      ,                                                                                                      .
                                                   ,
                               (48).
                                                                                            .
                                           .                                                                                              .


                                                                       .


                                                                                       30
                                                       ,
                                                                       .
                      ,                                                                20
                                               ,
                                                                               (




                                                                       ,
                                                                                       10
                  ,

                                                                                       0
              ,                                                                    ,                                                                       -
                                                                   (81).                                            ,
                                                                       -
                                                                           -
                                                           -                                                                    .
                                                   ,
                                                               (15).            (                             ).           : The
                                                                           Journal of Creative Behavior 13: 169-180, 1979.
9



                                                                                                                                                              ,
                                                                                                                                                              ,

                                                                                                 ,
                                                                                                                                          ,                   ,

      0.8
                                                                                                                                 ,
      0.6                                                                                            ,                            ,
                                                                                         ,                                                            .
      0.4

                                                                                                                         ,
      0.2
                                                                                                             ,
           0
                                                                                                                                      ,
                                                                                                                                                  (42)
                                                                                                                             ,
                   ,

                                                                                      ,          ,
                                                                          Sumitomo Heavy Industries

               .          : Anxiety, Stress and Cop-
 ing^ An International Journal 6: 245-262, 1993.                                                 ,
                                                                          (45-46).
                                                ,
                       ,                                                                 ,

                            .
                                                                                                                                 ,
               ,                                                                                                                                              ,
                                                                                                         ,
                                ,                                                                                    ,
                                    ,
                                                     ,
                                                          (41).                              .


                                                    4.



                           ,


                                            ,
                                                                                                                 ,                            ,
       ,
                                                               .                     0


                                                                                 -5
                           (85-89),
        (90),                                                      (87–
88,   91–93),                                                                    -10
                           (88,         94–95)
                                           (87, 96–97, 101).                     -15
                                                                                                     ,
                                                                                                                                                          ,
                                                                      ,
                                                                                                                                      ,           ,
                                        ,                                                                                   –
                                                                                         .          : The Journal of Mind and
       ,                                                  .
                                                                          Behavior 8: 67-104, 1987.
10




                        5.


                                                40
                                                                                                 -                            ,
                   5                                                       -
                        ,                                                            .                                                                        .
                                                                                     ,   (1)                                                                  .      -       ,
                                ,                         .                                                                                                      American Psy-
          ,                                                                              chologist,                                                           31             .
                                                                                     ,                                                            ,
                                                                                                                      -
                                            ,                                                                     -                                       ,
                                                      –                                                   ,                                   ,
                        ,                                                                                                                                                        (98).
                            .                                                            (2)                                                                                   .       -
                                        ,                                                          ,                                                                          Journal of
                                                                                         Clinical Psychology,
                                    ,                                                              100                                                    .                       ,


                                                                                         ( . .                                                            )
                                                                                                                                                                  ,
                                                                                                                                                                              (65).
                                                                                         (3)                                              -                 -             (
              )




                                                                                                     ).                 -        ,
                                                                                                                  Journal of Social Behavior and Personality,
                   0
                                                                                                              ,
                  -.2
                  -.4
                  -.6                                                                                     ,                                                                   (40)
                  -.8                                                                    (4)                                                                              ,
                                                                                                                      .                                   -      ,       -
              (




                                                -                              146                                                                    Alcoholism Treatment
                                                                      ,                  Quarterly,                                   ,


                                    ,
                                                                                                                                                                      ,
                                             .                        : Journal
         of Clinical Psychology 45: 957-974, 1989.                                                                    ,                                                                   -
                                                                                                                                                                                      (69).
     "                                               ",


                        (98).
                                                                                               )




                                                                                                   0.8


                                                                                                   0.6


                                ,                                                                  0.4

                                                                           .                       0.2


                                                                                                     0
                                                                                               (




                            ,                                                        .                                                        -
                                                                                                                                  (                           42-
                                                                  :                                                           )                       ,
              -
                                                                                                                          ,                         ,
                                                                                                                                 .           : Journ-
                                                                                           al of Social Behavior and Personality 6: 189-248, 1991.
                                                              -        .
,                                                                        ,                                    11




                        6.                                                                                                             ,
                                                                        ,




                                                                                                                     •
                                                                                                                                                           .                                                   ,
    ,                                                                           ,                                                                                                                              ,
                        .                                                                            ,
                                                                    ,                                                                                           1%

                                                                                                                 ,                                                                                (ITED).
                                                                                                                 :         100%
                                                                            ,                                                          ,

            ,                                                                                                    ,             "       ,
                                                                                                                                                           ".
                .                                                                                                    "Des Moines Register"


                                                        ,                                                                                                                                                      .
                                                                                                                     •                                                                                 .
(                           ,           )                                           ,                        ;

                    ,                           ,               ,                   .                                                                                                          ,
                                                                                                                                   "                            "           "Destination Imagin-
                                                                                                             -       ation",
        ,                                           ,                                                    .                                                                            ,
                                                        "                                                                                                           ,
        "
                                .                                                                                              ,                                                                  –
                                                                                                                                                                                                   ,
                                                        ,                                                                                                               .
            .                                                                           16
                                                                150
                                                                                100 000.
                                                                                                                                   ,       -
                                                                                             .                                                                                        -                    ,

                                                                ,                                ,
                        1974 .                                                                                                                 "                                          "        ,

•                                                           .                                                                                                   40                            .
                                                                                                                     •                                           .
                                                100                                                              ,
                                                                                                                                                                                  ;
                                            ,                                                                    ,
                                                    ,                                    ,                                                         ,
                                    ,                                   ,                            ,                         ;                                                                       ,
                ,                       ,               ,                                                                          ,                   ,                              20          17
                                                                                                                 .                                                                                             .
12                                                                        ,                                                                   ,




                                                                                      •
                                                                                                         .

                                                                                                                                  ,
                                                                                                                                          .
                                                                                                                                                                            ,
               100

                75
                                                                                               ,                                                                            .
                50

                25

                 0
                                                                                                                         ,                            ,
                                                                                                                                      1972 .
           :




                           1995-97 . . 100%                                                                                                                                 ,
                                    ,                               ,                                            1971 .,
                                                                                                                                                  ,                         -
                                                                                                                 ;
                                                                ,
                                                    ,
                                                                                                         -
                           43%        46%
                                                                                                                     –
                                                                                                                                          ,
                                                                                                                                                                .
                                                            ,                     ,   •                                  .
                                                                                                             ,
                                            1986 .

     •                                          .   1990 .,                                                                               ,
                                                                                                                                      ,                             ;

                                                                                                     (3–4, 7),
                                            (GCSE),                                   (
                                                                              :                                                                ) (4),
     39%                             1990   .                                                                                                   (8),
                                     " "        " +",                                                                                         ,
                                                                                                                                                  (7),
                     14%.                                                                                                                                       (30),
     87%
                                        " "         " "             1990 .;
                                                                        54%.
         1990        . 89%
                                                                                                                             IQ
                                 " "            " ";
                                                  44,6 %.
                             ,
                                                " "             " +"
                                                                                               )
                                                                                          IQ




                                 ,                                                .                121

                                                    " +"                " "
     60%               ,                                                 ,
                                                      ,                    5
                                                                                            -




                                                                                                   116

                                                            " +"          " ",
                                                        .
                                                                                                             1985                                  1987
                                                                                            (




                                                                                                                                                                        ,

                                                                                                                                                            ,
     "U.K.     Mathematics             Challenge",
                                                                                                                                                          IQ
                                           200 000                            .                                                    .         : Per-
                                                                                          sonality and Individual Differences 12: 1105-1116, 1991.
,                                                  ,                                      13




                                                            (99),
                                         (3)
                                                                          (100).
•                               ."
                                          " (National Survey of                                 1.0
Student Engagement) -
                                                                                                0.8
                                                                                       ,
                                                                              , -               0.6

                                 "                                                              0.4

          "                                                                                     0.2

                                                                                                0.0
                        .
                                                                                                -0.2
                                                        135 000
                                                                                                -0.4
                                               613                                                                                                          ,
                                                  2000-2002   .
                                                                                                                      ,
                                             3%         "                                                                            (               " ")
                                                                                  ",
          7%                "
                                                                                                                                              ,
                                               ",                        4%
                                                                                                                             .          : Journal of
"                                                           ",                             Social Behavior and Personality 17: 93-121, 2005.
8%    "                                                                            "
                  26%           "
                                                                         '.
                                                                                           •                                     .


                                                                              1000
                                                                                                         130
                                                    ,
                                                                                                                                         .
                                               .                     ,
                                                                                                                                             .
              ,                                                  ,            39%
                                         ,
                                                                 ,            54%
                                                                                                                                                                .
                    ,
                                                                                       ,
                                                                                                                                                 ,
    35%                              ,
                                                             ,
                    ,           64%                                           ,
                                                                                                                                                            .


          .
14                                                                  ,




                                               7.

                                                          ,
                       "                                                                                            .
                   "

                                                                "                                                  "
                                                                                          .
           ,
               ,                                          ,                                                         ,

                                                                                                          ,
                                                                              .


     8.                                                                 ,

     (1)				 joa,	A.	 increased	 intelligence	 and	 reduced	
           t                                                         enbach,	J.;	dillbeck,	m.c.;	Jones,	c.h.;	and	
           neuroticism through the Transcendental                    Alexander,	 c.n.	 transcendental	 meditation	
           Meditation program. Gedrag: Tijdschrift                   and improved performance on intelligence-
           voor Psychologie 3:	167–182,	1975.                        related	 measures:	A	 longitudinal	 study.	
     (2)	 	 hecter,	 h.W.	A	 psychological	 investigation	
           S                                                         Personality and Individual Differences	12:	
           into the source of the effect of the                      1105– 1116,	1991.
           Transcendental Meditation technique. Disser-        (8)		 dillbeck,	 m.c.;	 orme-Johnson,	 d.W.;	 and	
                                                                     	
           tation Abstracts International	38(7):	3372B–              Wallace,	 r.K.	 frontal	 eeG	 coherence,	
           3373B,	1978.                                              h-reflex recovery, concept learning, and
     (3)	 	 ron,	A.;	orme-Johnson,	d.;	and	Brubaker,	P.	
           A                                                         the TM-Sidhi program. International
           The Transcendental Meditation program in the              Journal of Neuroscience	15:	151–157,	1981.
           college	curriculum:	A	4-year	longitudinal	study	    (9)	 	Alexander,	 c.n.;	 Langer,	 e.;	 newman,	
           of effects on cognitive and affective function-           r.i.;	 chandler,	 h.m.;	 and	 davies,	 J.L.	
           ing. College Student Journal 15:	 140–                    transcendental Meditation, mindfulness, and
           146,	 1981.                                               longevity. Journal of Personality and Social
     (4)				 illbeck,	 m.c.;	Assimakis,	 P.d.;	 raimondi,	
           d                                                         Psychology 57:	950–964,	1989.
           d.;	orme-Johnson,	d.W.;	and	rowe,	r.	               (10)	dillbeck,	 m.c.	 meditation	 and	 flexibility	 of	
           Longitudinal effects of the Transcendental                 visual perception and verbal problem-solving.
           Meditation and TM-Sidhi program on                         Memory & Cognition	10:	207–215,	1982.
           cognitive ability and cognitive style. Per-         (11)		 ixon,	 c.A.	 consciousness	 and	 cognitive	
                                                                     d
           ceptual and Motor Skills	62:	731–738,	1986.               development:	A	six-month	longitudinal	study	
     (5)		 	 Jedrczak,	A.;	Beresford,	m.;	and	clements,	             of	 four-year-olds	 practicing	 the	 children’s	
           G.	 The TM-Sidhi programme, pure                          Transcendental Meditation technique.
           consciousness, creativity and intelligence.               Dissertation Abstracts International	 50(3):	
           The Journal of Creative Behavior	19:	270–                 1518B,	 1989.
           275,	1985.                                          (12)		 arner,	t.Q.	transcendental	 meditation	 and	
                                                                     W
     (6)	 	 Jedrczak,	 A.;	 toomey,	 m.;	 and	 clements,	            developmental advancement: Mediating
            G.	 The TM-Sidhi programme, age, and                     abilities and conservation performance. Dis-
            brief test of percep tual-motor speed and                sertation Abstracts International 47(8):	
            nonverbal intelligence. Journal of Clinical              3558B,	 1987.
            Psychology 42:	161–164,	1986.                      (13)		 elderloos,	P.;	Lockie,	r.J.;	and	chuttoorgoon,	
                                                                     G
     (7)		 	 cranson,	r.W.;	orme-Johnson,	d.W.;	Gack                 S.	field	independence	of	students	at	maha	 ishi	
                                                                                                                  r
,                                                     15




     School	 of	 the	Age	 of	 enlightenment	 and	 a	             h.	 eeG	 power	 spectra	 and	 auditory	 evoked	
     Montessori school. Perceptual and Motor                     potentials in Transcendental Meditation
     Skills 65:	613–614,	1987.                                   (tm).	 Pflügers Archiv	 359	 (Suppl.):	 191,	 r	
(14)		 oddard,	P.h.	reduced	age-related	declines	of	
     G                                                           96	(Abstract),	1975.
     P300 latency in elderly practicing Transcen-           (24)		 andhöfer,	A.;	Kobal,	G.;	and	Plattig,	K.-h.	
                                                                 W
     dental Meditation. Psychophysiology 26:	529,	               Shortening of latencies of human auditory
     1989.                                                       evoked brain potentials during the Transcen-
(15)		 elletier,	 K.r.	 influence	 of	 transcenden-
     P                                                           dental Meditation technique. Zeitschrift für
     tal Meditation upon autokinetic perception.                 Elektroenzephalographie und Elektromyogra-
     Perceptual and Motor Skills	39:	1031–1034,	                 phie EEG-EMG	7:	99–103,	1976.	
     1974.                                                  (25)		 cevoy,	t.m.;	frumkin,	L.r.;	and	harkins,	
                                                                 m
(16)		 elderloos,	 P.;	 Goddard	 iii,	 P.h.;	Ahlström,	
     G                                                           S.W.	effects	of	meditation	on	brainstem	audi-
     h.h.B.;	and	Jacoby,	r.	cognitive	orientation	               tory evoked potentials. International Journal
     toward positive values in advanced participants             of Neuroscience	10:	165–170,	1980.
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                                                                 B
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Обзор научных исследований по программе "Образование на основе развития сознания"

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  • 2. 2 " " " " 600 , 1. : – , , ( . 3-6) 2. ( . 6-7) 3. – , ( . 7-9) 4. – , ( . 9) 5. - : - ( . 10) 6. , , – ( . 11-14) 7. ( . 14) 8. ( . 14-19) " " " " , – 40 , , 15-20 . , . : , • , " ", , . . • , , . • , , . . ,
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  • 4. 4 : • (31) • (9) • - 80% (14) • , 60% (103) • – 40% (104-105) 20% • , , 0 - : - , , (32) , - , . : Education 107: 49-54, 1986 (8) ( ) - , • (2, 5, 21) • (2) • (9) (33) • : (22) • : 15 - 10 (14, 23-28) ) - 5 ( (29-30) 0 - , (7) -5 -10 -15 , , , 100% , . : Person- 80% ality and Individual Differences 12: 1105-1116, 1991. 60% , 40% 20% • (34-36) • (37) 0 , , • : (38-40) . • : British Journal of Educational Psychology (41-42) 55: 164-166, 1985.
  • 5. : 5 • (42) • - (42) • (43) 10 8 • (2, 42, 44) 6 • (9, 45-47) 4 • (42) 2 0 • -2 : " - ", ; . , " " " ". (47) : British Journal of Psychology 73: 57-68, 1982. • : , ; , ; (16) 15% • " ": 10% (38-40) 5% • (2, 0 40, 50) -5% • (51) • " - " (52) -10% • (2, -15% 51, 53-54) -20% • 1418 (9) ( ), • (43, 55-56) , , • (44) • (9) 13,8% – , . : Amer- • (9, 38-40, ican Journal of Health Promotion 14: 284-291, 2000. 42-46, 51-52, 54-55, 57-64) • (48) • (2, 42, 44, 54–55, 57– • 58, 60, 62, 65) (9, 42, 45-46, 49) • (42–43, 58) • (43, 45, 51, 59, 62) • : , • (43, 51, 55) (38-40) • (60) • • (60, 71) (40) • (44–45) • • (42, 66–70) • (42, 55, 61, (50) 66–69, 72) • (43, 66– 69, 73)
  • 6. 6 : • , (44) • (44) • 2.0 (54) 1.5 1.0 • , 0.5 , 0 , : , - , 14 (53) - (53) . • ( ), , , , (53) , • . : Dissertation Abstracts In- : ternational 38(7): 3372B-3373B, 1978. - (74) - " - ( • (3) ) (74) • (44) • : • (75) (39, 43–44) • : • (43) - (76) • - (76-77) (42) - (76-77) • , - (76) (44) - • (43) • (51) (77) • (2, 44) • (78-79) 2. . – iq , . , , , , , (7). , , (2). iq , , . . , .
  • 7. 7 3 40% 30% 2 20% 1 10% 0 0 -10% -1 , , , , ( 14 ), . : Dissertation Abstracts In- . : ternational 38(7): 3372B- 3373B, 1978. Perceptual and Motor Skills 39: 1031-1034, 1974. • , - (17-18), , , (12) , (102). , . , (13). , , , , , , , , (3–4, 7, 15, 19–21); . Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly (50) - (38-40) (80) . , . - , , , , . 3. , . , ; ; , . . . , 2000 (77, 81) (9, 82). , (47). , , 50%- (9, 83), , – 17
  • 8. 8 , : . , , , 20% (84). 0 , -20% , , -40% , -60% , -80% . , -100% 2 000 , (40). , , (2, 21), . , : Psychosomatic Medicine 49: 493-507, 1987 (9–10, 14, 27). , , 87%, – 87%, – 73%, – 55%. ( ). , , . 13,8% , . , (48). . . . . 30 , . , 20 , ( , 10 , 0 , , - (81). , - - - . , (15). ( ). : The Journal of Creative Behavior 13: 169-180, 1979.
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  • 10. 10 5. 40 - , 5 - , . . , (1) . - , , . American Psy- , chologist, 31 . , , - , - , – , , , (98). . (2) . - , , Journal of Clinical Psychology, , 100 . , ( . . ) , (65). (3) - - ( ) ). - , Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 0 , -.2 -.4 -.6 , (40) -.8 (4) , . - , - ( - 146 Alcoholism Treatment , Quarterly, , , , . : Journal of Clinical Psychology 45: 957-974, 1989. , - (69). " ", (98). ) 0.8 0.6 , 0.4 . 0.2 0 ( , . - ( 42- : ) , - , , . : Journ- al of Social Behavior and Personality 6: 189-248, 1991. - .
  • 11. , , 11 6. , , • . , , , , . , , 1% , (ITED). : 100% , , , , " , ". . "Des Moines Register" , . • . ( , ) , ; , , , . , " " "Destination Imagin- - ation", , , . , " , " . , – , , . . 16 150 100 000. , - . - , , , 1974 . " " , • . 40 . • . 100 , ; , , , , , , , , ; , , , , , , 20 17 . .
  • 12. 12 , , • . , . , 100 75 , . 50 25 0 , , 1972 . : 1995-97 . . 100% , , , 1971 ., , - ; , , - 43% 46% – , . , , • . , 1986 . • . 1990 ., , , ; (3–4, 7), (GCSE), ( : ) (4), 39% 1990 . (8), " " " +", , (7), 14%. (30), 87% " " " " 1990 .; 54%. 1990 . 89% IQ " " " "; 44,6 %. , " " " +" ) IQ , . 121 " +" " " 60% , , , 5 - 116 " +" " ", . 1985 1987 ( , , "U.K. Mathematics Challenge", IQ 200 000 . . : Per- sonality and Individual Differences 12: 1105-1116, 1991.
  • 13. , , 13 (99), (3) (100). • ." " (National Survey of 1.0 Student Engagement) - 0.8 , , - 0.6 " 0.4 " 0.2 0.0 . -0.2 135 000 -0.4 613 , 2000-2002 . , 3% " ( " ") ", 7% " , ", 4% . : Journal of " ", Social Behavior and Personality 17: 93-121, 2005. 8% " " 26% " '. • . 1000 130 , . . , . , , 39% , , 54% . , , , 35% , , , 64% , . .
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  • 16. 16 , orme-Johnson, d.W.; and Wallace, r.K. Kohl- (43) Geisler, m. therapeutische Wirkungen der bergian cosmic perspective responses, eeG transzendentalen meditation auf den dro- coherence, and the Transcendental Meditation genkonsumenten. Zeitschrift für klinische and TM-Sidhi program. Journal of Moral Psychologie 7: 235–255, 1978. Education 12: 166–173, 1983. (44) arcus, S.V. the influence of the transcen- m (34) allois, P. modifications neurophysiolo iques G g dental Meditation program on the marital et respiratoires lors de la pratique des tech- dyad. Dissertation Abstracts International niques de relaxation. L’Encéphale 10: 139– 38(8): 3895B, 1978. 144, 1984. (45) aratani, t.; and hemmi, t. effects of tran- h (35) ppelle, S.; and oswald, L.e. Simple reac- A scendental meditation (tm) on the mental tion time as a function of alertness and prior health of industrial workers. Japanese Journal mental activity. Perceptual and Motor Skills of Industrial Health 32: 656, 1990. 38: 1263–1268, 1974. (46) aratani, t.; and hemmi, t. effects of tran- h (36) olt, W.r.; caruso, J.L.; and riley, J.B. tran- h scendental meditation (tm) on the health scendental Meditation vs. pseudo-meditation behavior of industrial workers. Japanese Jour- on visual choice reaction time. Perceptual and nal of Public Health 37(10 Suppl.): 729, Motor Skills 46: 726, 1978. 1990. (37) edrczak, A.; toomey, m.; and clements, G. J (47) rme-Johnson, d.W. medical care utilization o The TM-Sidhi programme, age, and brief test and the Transcendental Meditation program. of perceptual-motor speed and nonverbal intel- Psychosomatic Medicine 49: 493–507, 1987. ligence. Journal of Clinical Psychology 42: (48) herron, r.e.; and hillis, S.L. the impact of 161–164, 1986. the Transcendental Meditation program on (38) eeman, W.; nidich, S.; and Banta, t. influ- S government payments to physicians in Que- ence of Transcendental Meditation on a mea- bec: An update. American Journal of Health sure of self-actualization. Journal of Counsel- Promotion 14: 284–291, 2000. ing Psychology 19: 184–187, 1972. (49) farinelli, L. Possibilità di applicazioni della tec- (39) idich, S.; Seeman, W.; and dreskin, t. influ- n nologia della coscienza in aspetti di medicina ence of transcendental meditation: A replica- preventiva: una ricerca pilota. doctoral thesis, tion. Journal of Counseling Psychology 20: faculty of medicine and Surgery, university 565–566, 1973. of Padova at Verona, Verona, italy, 1981. (40) lexander, c.n.; rainforth, m.V.; and Gelder- A (50) lexander, c.n.; heaton, d.P.; and chan- A loos, P. Transcendental Meditation, self-actu- dler, h.m. Advanced human development in alization, and psychological health: A concep- the Vedic Psychology of Maharishi Mahesh tual overview and statistical meta-analysis. yogi: theory and research. in Transcendence Journal of Social Behavior and Personality 6: and Mature Thought in Adulthood, eds. m.e. 189–247, 1991. miller and S.r. cook-Greuter (Lanham, md: (41) rew, d.r. transcendental meditation and f rowman & Littlefield): 39–70, 1994. productivity. Academy of Management Jour- (51) erg, W.P. van den; and mulder, B. Psycho- B nal 17: 362–368, 1974. logical research on the effects of the Transcen- (42) lexander, c.n.; Swanson, G.c.; rainforth, A dental Meditation technique on a number of personality variables. Gedrag: Tijdschrift voor m.V.; carlisle, t.W.; todd, c.c.; and oates, Psychologie 4: 206–218, 1976. r.m. effects of the transcendental medita- tion program on stress reduction, health, and (52) urnbull, m.J.; and norris, h. effects of tran- t employee development: A prospective study in scendental Meditation on self-identity indices two occupational settings. Anxiety, Stress and and personality. British Journal of Psychology Coping: An International Journal 6: 245–262, 73: 57–68, 1982. 1993. (53) ackson, y. Learning disorders and the tran- J
  • 17. , 17 scendental Meditation program: Retrospects scendental Meditation program and criminal and prospects. A preliminary study with eco- recidivism in California. Journal of Criminal nomically deprived adolescents. Dissertation Justice 15: 211–230, 1987. Abstracts International 38(6): 3351A, 1977. (64) hen, m.e. A comparative study of dimen- c (54) hilds, J.P. the use of the transcendental c sions of healthy functioning between families Meditation program as a therapy with juvenile practicing the TM program for five years or offenders. Dissertation Abstracts International for less than a year. Dissertation Abstracts 34(8): 4732A, 1974. International 45(10): 3206B, 1985. (55) rooks, J.S.; and Scarano, t. transcendental B (65) ppley, K.r.; Abrams, A.i.; and Shear, J. e Meditation in the treatment of post-Vietnam differential effects of relaxation techniques adjustment. Journal of Counseling and Devel- on trait anxiety: A meta-analysis. Journal of opment 64: 212–215, 1985. Clinical Psychology 45: 957–974, 1989. (56) verbeck, K.-d. Auswirkungen der technik o (66) allace, r.K.; et al. decreased drug abuse W der transzendentalen meditation (tm) auf die with transcendental meditation: A study of psychische und psychosomatische Befindlich- 1,862 subjects. in Drug Abuse: Proceedings keit. Psychotherapie • Psychosomatik Med- of the International Conference, ed. chris J.d. izinische Psychologie 32: 188–192, 1982. Zarafonetis (Philadelphia: Lea and febiger): 369–376, 1972. (57) illbeck, m.c. the effect of the transcendental d Meditation technique on anxiety level. Journal (67) onahan, r.J. Secondary prevention of drug m of Clinical Psychology 33: 1076–1078, 1977. dependence through the Transcendental Medi- tation program in metropolitan Philadelphia. (58) andelent, t.; and candelent, G. teaching c The International Journal of the Addictions Transcendental Meditation in a psychiatric 12: 729–754, 1977. setting. Hospital & Community Psychiatry 26: 156–159, 1975. (68) ron, e.n.; and Aron, A. the patterns of A reduction of drug and alcohol use among Tran- (59) junggren, G. inflytandet av transcenden- L scendental Meditation participants. Bulletin tal Meditation på neuroticism, medicinbruk of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive och sömnproblem. Läkartidningen 74(47): Behaviors 2: 28–33, 1983. 4212–4214, 1977. (69) lexander, c.n.; robinson, P.; and rainforth, A (60) brams, A.i.; and Siegel, L.m. the transcen- A M. Treating and preventing alcohol, nicotine, dental Meditation program and rehabilitation and drug abuse through Transcendental Medi- at folsom State Prison: A cross-validation tation: A review and statistical meta-analysis. study. Criminal Justice and Behavior 5: 3–20, Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 11: 13–87, 1978. 1994. (61) ielefeld, m. transcendental meditation: B (70) oyer, A. the role of the transcendental r A stress reducing self-help support system. Meditation technique in promoting smoking cleveland V.A. medical center, cleveland, cessation: A longitudinal study. Alcoholism ohio, u.S.A. Paper presented at the Annual Treatment Quarterly 11: 219–236, 1994. convention of the American Psychological (71) lexander, c.n. ego development, personal- A Association, Los Angeles, california, August ity, and behavioral change in inmates practic- 1981. ing the Transcendental Meditation technique (62) aylord, c.; orme-Johnson, d.; and travis, f. G or participating in other programs: A cross- The effects of the Transcendental Meditation sectional and longitudinal study. Dissertation technique and progressive muscle relaxation Abstracts International 43(2): 539B, 1982. on eeG coherence, stress reactivity, and men- (72) hafii, m.; Lavely, r.A.; and Jaffe, r. medi- S tal health in black adults. International Journal tation and the prevention of alcohol abuse. of Neuroscience 46: 77–86, 1989. American Journal of Psychiatry 132: 942–945, (63) leick, c.r.; and Abrams, A.i. the tran- B 1975.
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