It is easy to understand the main concept of critical thinking and critical reasoning and also how to tackle a critical question

5. Critical thinking is that mode of thinking about
any subject, content, or problem in which the
thinker improves the quality of his or her
thinking by skillfully analyzing, assessing, and
reconstructing it. It presupposes assent to
rigorous standards of excellence and mindful
command of their use.

6. Critical thinking is self-directed, self-
disciplined, self-monitored, and self-
corrective thinking.

7. Example…Example…
What is your conclusion? We can’t go to a movie.
But why? Because a movie costs more than two dollars.
But how do we know this? We don’t!

8. Let’s one more a logical example…Let’s one more a logical example…
This is a dumbed-down version of a
Critical Reasoning problem. It’s easy
to argue with my logic when I present
my argument so simply.

9. 33rdrd
Example:Example:
Let’s donate the blood Mr. AhmadLet’s donate the blood Mr. Ahmad
a)a)Give blood is dangerous for my life.Give blood is dangerous for my life.
b)b) Sorry I am a doctor.Sorry I am a doctor.
c)c) Sorry I have HIV.Sorry I have HIV.
What is Ahmad’s conclusion I don’t want to give bloodWhat is Ahmad’s conclusion I don’t want to give blood

10. Message of give blood example:Message of give blood example:

12. Key TermsKey Terms
OfOf
Critical ThinkingCritical Thinking

13. Logic:Logic:
is the science that evaluatesis the science that evaluates
argumentsarguments

14. Argument:Argument:
is a group of statements including oneis a group of statements including one
or more premises and one and onlyor more premises and one and only
one conclusionone conclusion

15. Statement:Statement:
AA statementstatement is a sentence that is eitheris a sentence that is either
true or false, such as "The cat is on the mat."true or false, such as "The cat is on the mat."
Many sentences are not statements, such asMany sentences are not statements, such as
"Close the door, please" , "How old are"Close the door, please" , "How old are
you?"you?"

16. Premise:Premise:
AA premisepremise is a statement in anis a statement in an
argument that provides reason orargument that provides reason or
support for the conclusion. Theresupport for the conclusion. There
can be one or many premises in acan be one or many premises in a
single argument.single argument.

17. Conclusion:Conclusion:
A conclusionA conclusion is a statement in anis a statement in an
argument that indicates of what theargument that indicates of what the
arguer is trying to convince thearguer is trying to convince the
reader/listener. What is the argumentreader/listener. What is the argument
trying to prove? There can betrying to prove? There can be onlyonly
oneone conclusion in a single argument.conclusion in a single argument.

22. How to tackleHow to tackle
a Criticala Critical
ReasoningReasoning
QuestionQuestion

23. 4 Steps to Tackle a CR question4 Steps to Tackle a CR question
Step1. Identify the questionStep1. Identify the question
SStep2. Deconstruct the argumenttep2. Deconstruct the argument
Step3. State the goalStep3. State the goal
Step4. Work from wrong to rightStep4. Work from wrong to right

25. Identify the questionIdentify the question
Read the question stem first. Identify
the question type. Know what you’re
supposed to be doing and what the traps
tend to be for that type.

26. Identifying:Identifying:
ReadingReading
listeninglistening
watchingwatching

27. Deconstruct theDeconstruct the argumargumentent
Arguments are made up of building blocks, such
as premises, counterpremises, assumptions, and
conclusions.When reading the argument, we
want to take very brief notes that allow us to
deconstruct the argument into its building
blocks. What kinds of information do we have
and which pieces lead to which other pieces?
Knowing all of this allows with purposes.

28. Deconstructing:Deconstructing:
Cristiano Ronaldo, Presentation, our class?Cristiano Ronaldo, Presentation, our class?

29. StateState thethe goalgoal
Remind yourself of your
goal. At first, you might
take 20 or more seconds to
do this; as you get better,
you’ll only need a few
seconds to remind yourself.

30. Stating the goal:Stating the goal:
In 20 secondIn 20 second
What he say?What he say?
There is something wrongThere is something wrong
I should stop him.I should stop him.

31. Work from wrongWork from wrong to rightto right
Cross off wrong answers first, then worry about
finding the right answer. Don’t waste time trying to
decide whether B is actually correct when you
haven’t looked at C, D, or E yet. Eliminate, then
compare any remaining answers and think about
which is correct. Watch out for traps! During the
preceding steps, you’ll have already reminded
yourself of what traps to expect. for this type

32. WronWrongg to right:to right:
a)a) Presentation is not about footballPresentation is not about football
b)b) Ronaldo shirt number is 7 not 9Ronaldo shirt number is 7 not 9
c)c) Ronaldo is not muslim, because youRonaldo is not muslim, because you
started with besmillah.started with besmillah.
d)d) Impossible, you are not Ronaldo, youImpossible, you are not Ronaldo, you
are Fazil Ahmad.are Fazil Ahmad.

33. Message of this topic:Message of this topic:

36. The cost of producing radios in Country Q is ten percent less than the cost of producing radios in Country Y. Even after transportation fees andThe cost of producing radios in Country Q is ten percent less than the cost of producing radios in Country Y. Even after transportation fees and
tariff charges are added, it is still cheaper for a company to import radios from Country Q to Country Y than to produce radios in Country Y.tariff charges are added, it is still cheaper for a company to import radios from Country Q to Country Y than to produce radios in Country Y.

37. (A) Labor costs in Country Q are ten percent below those in Country Y.(A) Labor costs in Country Q are ten percent below those in Country Y.
(B) Importing radios from Country Q to Country Y will eliminate ten percent of the manufacturing jobs in Country Y.(B) Importing radios from Country Q to Country Y will eliminate ten percent of the manufacturing jobs in Country Y.
(C) The tariff on a radio imported from Country Q to Country Y is less than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Y.(C) The tariff on a radio imported from Country Q to Country Y is less than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Y.