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/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /tʃ/ /dʒ / /k/ /g/

/f / /v/ /θ/ /ð/ /s / /z / /ʃ/ /ʒ/
/m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /h/ /ɭ/ /r /

/w/ /j/
VOICE LESS SOUNDS
/θ/ as in thing
/p/ as in pen
/t/as in tea
/k/as in clock
/f/ as in photo
/s/ as in soon
/ʃ/ as in National
/t ʃ/ as in match
/h/ as in whole
Total = 9 sounds

VOICED SOUNDS
/b/ as in baby
/d/ as in odd
/g/ as in gas
/v/ as in van
/z/ as in buzz
/m/ as in sim
/n/ as in son
/ð/ as in then
/ʒ/ as in pleasure
/dʒ/ as in jump
/ ŋ / as in ring
/ɭ/as in led
/r/ as in run
/j/ as in yet
/w/ as in wet
Total = 15 sounds
Bilabial
(Upper Lip & Lower Lip)

/pbmw/

Dental
(Teeth & Tip of Tongue) / Ө ð /

Labio-dental
(Lower Lip & Upper Teeth)

/f v/

Alveolar
(Alveolar ridge & Tip and Blade of Tongue) / t d s z n l r /
Palato-alveolar
(Hard Palate – Alveolar & Tip-Blade & Front of Tongue)
/ t∫ dʒ ʒ ∫ /

Palatal
(Hard Palate & Front of Tongue)

/j/

Velar
(Soft Palate & Back of Tongue)

/kgŋ/

Glottal
Glottis (Vocal Cords)

/h/
/i:/ /ɪ/ /e/ /æ/ /ʌ/ /a:/
/ɒ/ /ɔ:/ /ɜ:/ /ə/ /ʊ/ /u:/
/eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /əʊ/

/aʊ/ /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/
5 LONG VOWELS
/a:/ As in dark
/i:/ As in seem
/ɔ:/ As in born
/ɜ:/ As in term
/u:/ As in moon

7 SHORT VOWELS
/e/ As in bat
/æ/ As in bet
/ə/ As in ago
/ɪ/ As in sit
/ɒ/ As in top
/ʌ/ As in but
/ʊ/ As in put
Towards /ɪ/

Towards /ʊ/

Towards /ə/

/eɪ/: As in say

/əʊ/: As in so

/ɪə/: As in mere

/aɪ/: As in buy

/aʊ/: As in now

/ɔɪ/: As in toy

/eə/: As in fair
/ʊə/: As in Poor

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44 traditonal sounds of English

  • 2. /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /tʃ/ /dʒ / /k/ /g/ /f / /v/ /θ/ /ð/ /s / /z / /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /h/ /ɭ/ /r / /w/ /j/
  • 3. VOICE LESS SOUNDS /θ/ as in thing /p/ as in pen /t/as in tea /k/as in clock /f/ as in photo /s/ as in soon /ʃ/ as in National /t ʃ/ as in match /h/ as in whole Total = 9 sounds VOICED SOUNDS /b/ as in baby /d/ as in odd /g/ as in gas /v/ as in van /z/ as in buzz /m/ as in sim /n/ as in son /ð/ as in then /ʒ/ as in pleasure /dʒ/ as in jump / ŋ / as in ring /ɭ/as in led /r/ as in run /j/ as in yet /w/ as in wet Total = 15 sounds
  • 4. Bilabial (Upper Lip & Lower Lip) /pbmw/ Dental (Teeth & Tip of Tongue) / Ө ð / Labio-dental (Lower Lip & Upper Teeth) /f v/ Alveolar (Alveolar ridge & Tip and Blade of Tongue) / t d s z n l r /
  • 5. Palato-alveolar (Hard Palate – Alveolar & Tip-Blade & Front of Tongue) / t∫ dʒ ʒ ∫ / Palatal (Hard Palate & Front of Tongue) /j/ Velar (Soft Palate & Back of Tongue) /kgŋ/ Glottal Glottis (Vocal Cords) /h/
  • 6. /i:/ /ɪ/ /e/ /æ/ /ʌ/ /a:/ /ɒ/ /ɔ:/ /ɜ:/ /ə/ /ʊ/ /u:/ /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/ /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/
  • 7. 5 LONG VOWELS /a:/ As in dark /i:/ As in seem /ɔ:/ As in born /ɜ:/ As in term /u:/ As in moon 7 SHORT VOWELS /e/ As in bat /æ/ As in bet /ə/ As in ago /ɪ/ As in sit /ɒ/ As in top /ʌ/ As in but /ʊ/ As in put
  • 8. Towards /ɪ/ Towards /ʊ/ Towards /ə/ /eɪ/: As in say /əʊ/: As in so /ɪə/: As in mere /aɪ/: As in buy /aʊ/: As in now /ɔɪ/: As in toy /eə/: As in fair /ʊə/: As in Poor