2. Contents
Introduction
Core material
Coating Material
Synonyms of Microencapsulation
Reasons For Microencapsulation
Release Mechanisms
Types of Microcapsules
Advantage
Disadvantage
Application
3. Introduction
Definition:
"Microencapsulation may be defined as the process of surrounding or enveloping one
substance within another substance on a very small scale, yielding capsules ranging from less
than one micron to several hundred microns in size"“
It is define has an substance or Pharmaceutical material is encapsulated over the surface of
solid,droplet of liquid and dispersion of medium is known has Microencapsulation"
It is mean of applying thin coating to small particle of solid or droplet of liquid & dispersion.
Particle size: 50-5000 micron
2 phases: a) Core material b) Coating material
Also known as microcapsule, microsphere, coated granules, pene.
4. Core Material
The material to be coated. It may be liquid or solid or gas. Liquid core may be
dissolved or dispersed material.
Composition of core material
Drug or active constituent
Additive like diluents
Stabilizers
5.
6. Coting Material
Inert substance which coats on core with desired thickness.
Composition of coating:
Inert polymer
Plasticizer
Coloring agent
Resins, waxes and lipids
Release rate enhancers
8. Reasons For Microencapsulation
1) For sustained or prolonged drug release.
2) For masking taste and odor of many drugs to improve patient compliance.
3) For converting liquid drugs in a free flowing powder.
4) To reduce toxicity and GI irritation
5) Incompatibility among the drugs can be prevented by microencapsulation
6) The drugs, which are sensitive to oxygen, moisture or light, can be stabilized
by microencapsulation
10. Coating Material Properties
Inert toward active ingredients.
Stabilization of core material.
Controlled release under specific conditions.
Film-forming, pliable, tasteless, stable.
Non-hygroscopic, no high viscosity, economical
Soluble in an aqueous media or solvent, or melting.
The coating can be flexible, brittle, hard, thin etc.
12. TYPES OF MICROCAPSULES
Simple Microcapsules
Enteric coated Microcapsules
Mucoadhesive Microcapsules
Bioadhesive Microcapsule
Floating Microcapsules
Magnetic Microcapsules
Nanospheres
Floating and Effervescent Microcapsules
Colonic Microspheres
GI Specific Microspheres
13. Advantages:
To increase of bioavailability.
To alter the drug release.
To improve the patient's compliance.
To decrease evaporation rate of the core material.
To produce a targeted drug delivery.
To convert liquid to solid from.
14. Disadvantages
Difficult to achieve continuous and uniform film.
Shelf life of hygroscopic drugs is reduced.
Polymer may produce toxic effect.
Costly.
15. Application
Taste masking e.g. acetaminophen.
Sustain release e.g. aspirin
Conversion of liquid to solid e.g. clofibrate
Odor masking e.g. castor oil
Reducing gastric irritation e.g. phenylbutazone.
Stabilization to oxidation e.g. vitamin