1. Kelly Rodríguez
Listening and speaking V
Universidad de Nariñ0
March 2014
San Juan de Pasto

2. Vocabulary
Amber: yellow fossil resin.
 Bury: to place something in the earth and cover with soil.
 Burrow: an excavation in the ground made by an animal
such as: a rabbit, a fox.
 Compress: to reduce the size by pressing.
 Date: to find out the time of an event.
 Evolve: to develop gradually.
Fake: not authentic.
 Footprint: an impression made by a foot of a person or
animal.
Harden: to become harder.

3. Jawbone: the bone of the lower jaw.
 Mold: a container that gives shape to a substance.
 Rot: to decompose by the action of bacteria or fungi.
 Seabed: the floor of the sea.
 Seep: to filtrate through pores.
 Skull: the skeletal part of the head which protects the
brain.
 Smear: to spread a substance over a surface.
 Subsoil: the layer that is under the top soil.
 Trap: to catch an animal in a trap.
 Trace: an evidence.

4. Definition
Fossils are
traces of
animals
that live in
the past.

5. Types of fossils
1. Body fossils: are the remains of
the organisms.
Examples:

6. BonesHairTeethShellsLeaves

7. Footprints Burrows
2. Trace fossils : signs of animals.
Examples:

8. Fossilization processes
1. Natural mold.
2. Petrified wood.
3. Amber.
4. Carbonization.
5. Frozen fossil.

9. Steps of fossilization
process
1. An animal dies. Ex: a
fish.
2. The fish goes to the
seabed.
3. Mud and other
sediments bury the body
in the deeper of the
ocean.
4. Turns to fossil: takes
million of years and the
fossil will appear on the
surface of soil.

10. Facts about fossils
What are index fossils?
They are used to identify geologic
periods.
What was Piltdown man?
Piltdown man was a fake. The skull
was human and the jawbone came
from an orangutan.

11. Scientific importance
1. Identifying geologic periods.
2. Dating rocks.
3. It’s possible to know how the living beings
have evolved.
4. Determining environmental conditions.