Database

Web
+ Database
Useful
Web Apps
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Interdisciplinary Web Development

The Value of Databases
• Databases and Database Management Systems (DBMS)
transform large quantities of data into specific and
valuable information for accomplishing some goal.

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AMP
Today’s Dominant Web Architecture

• Apache – open source Web server
• MySQL – open source database
• PHP – programming language that
works in HTML to provide
interactivity with MySQL

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AMP
Today’s Dominant Web Architecture

•
•
•
•
•

LAMP (Linux AMP)
SAMP (Solaris AMP)
WAMP (Windows AMP)
MAMP (Mac AMP)
XAMPP (Cross Platform AMP + Perl)

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http://iSpace.ci.fsu.edu/~username/mysite/index.html?name=geo

HTML REQUEST w/DATA
HTML REQUEST w/DATA

Web
Server

PHP
Database
Server

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SQL Command
SQL Command


PHP-created HTML

Web
Server

PHP
Database
Server

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data


Our Focus
PHP-created HTML
MySQL
Database
Server

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SQL
SQL

data

PHP


Databases

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Database

• A collection of data organized to meet user’s
needs.
File or Table
Field
(Attribute)

Records
(Entities)

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Database Fields
• Fields are set to hold
specific types of data.

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Database

A Database
is a
collection of
files/tables

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Database Heirarchy

Table

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Keys and Primary Key
• Key: A field in a record that is used to identify
the record
• Primary key: A field that uniquely identifies a
record
– A primary key field prevents duplicate records
from occurring in a table.

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Primary Keys

Which field would act as the best
primary key?

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Primary Key

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The Relational Model
• In a relational database, tables are linked (related) through
common fields.

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Relation Types
• One-to-many

– Most typical
– Makes use of primary key

• One-to-one
• Many-to-many

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MySQL
An open-source, relational database
ideal for use with PHP

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MySQL - Installation
• MySQL is included with AMP
• and installed on iSpace
http://localhost

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http://tools.ci.fsu.edu

MySQL – Creating a Database
• For security reasons MySQL accounts are
created through MySQL Administrative Tools
• Creating a MySQL account is the only
database command that cannot be issued
from PHP code.

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MySQL – Creating a Database
https://ispace-tools.cci.fsu.edu

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You will need this
You will need this
information for
information for
use in your PHP
use in your PHP
Code
Code

Click Edit to manage the database
Click Edit to manage the database
with phpMyAdmin
with phpMyAdmin

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phpMyAdmin
is a popular application
for managing mySQL
databases. It’s provided
at tools.ci.fsu.edu and
also often included with
AMP.
Here you can click a
database name to access
its properties and tools.
You can even create new
databases from here.
Note that whenever
prompted for charset or
collation select UTF-8
Unicode (utf8).

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Access MySQL Database
We will use phpMyAdmin
to:

We will use PHP to:

•Create our databases
•Create tables in the databases
•Create fields in the tables
•Manage the database
•Examine table data

• Enter records into tables
from HTML forms
• Read records from tables
and output to HTML pages

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When I click my database link in phpMyAdmin, I am prompted to create a table.

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Then I create fields for my table.

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I can then use the
Insert tab to enter
records into the table.

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The browse buttons allows you to view the contents of the table.

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You can also run SQL
queries on your data from
within phpMyAdmin.

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MySQL & phpMyAdmin
• phpMyAdmin is a useful tool for manipulating mySQL
databases; however, in order to work with Web-generated
data, the mySQL database must be accessed from the HTML
code using PHP.

MySQL
Database
Server

SQL
SQL

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SQL
SQL


PHP

MySQL & phpMyAdmin
• Either method of interacting with the database
requires knowledge of SQL
MySQL
Database
Server

SQL
SQL

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SQL
SQL


PHP

SQL – The Basics

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Database Strengths
 The power of a database and DBMS lies in the
user’s ability to manipulate the data to turn up
useful information.
• Data can be sifted, sorted
and queried through the
use of data manipulation
languages.

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Data Manipulation Language
• A Data Manipulation Language (DML) is a specific
language provided with the DBMS that allows people
and other database users to access, modify, and
make queries about data contained in the database,
and to generate reports.
• Structured Query Language (SQL): The most popular
DML.
– SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE JOB_CLASSIFICATION = ‘C2”

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SQL Commands
SELECT - extracts data from a database
UPDATE - updates data in a database
DELETE - deletes data from a database
INSERT INTO - inserts new data into a database
CREATE DATABASE - creates a new database
ALTER DATABASE - modifies a database
CREATE TABLE - creates a new table
ALTER TABLE - modifies a table
DROP TABLE - deletes a table
CREATE INDEX - creates an index (search key)
DROP INDEX - deletes an index
From www.w3schools.com/sql

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Employees Table

SELECT
SELECT field_names(s)
FROM table_name

Employee_Id LastName
1 Baldauf
2 Svendson
3 Pettersen
4 Willis
5 Smith

FirstName
Ola
Jon
Kari
Carl
Jason

Address
120 Main St
3 Bogus Dr
2413 Sayer Ave
12 Bacon Cr

Examples:
SELECT LastName,FirstName FROM Employees
LastName
Baldauf
Svendson
Pettersen
Willis
Smith

SELECT * FROM Employees
1 Baldauf
2 Svendson
3 Pettersen
4 Willis
5 Smith

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FirstName
Ola
Jon
Kari
Carl
Jason

FirstName
Ola
Jon
Kari

Address
120 Main St
3 Bogus Dr
2413 Sayer Ave

City
Chicago
Tallahassee
Tallahassee

Carl
Jason

12 Bacon Cr

Atlanta


City
Chicago
Tallahassee
Tallahassee
Atlanta

Employees Table

SELECT

1 Baldauf
2 Svendson
3 Pettersen
4 Willis
5 Smith

SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value

FirstName
Ola
Jon
Kari
Carl
Jason

Address
120 Main St
3 Bogus Dr
2413 Sayer Ave
12 Bacon Cr

Example
SELECT * FROM Employees WHERE LastName=’Willis'
4 Willis

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FirstName
Carl

Address
12 Bacon Cr

City
Atlanta


City
Chicago
Tallahassee
Tallahassee
Atlanta

SELECT

Employees Table
1 Baldauf
2 Svendson
3 Pettersen
4 Willis
5 Smith

FirstName
Ola
Jon
Kari
Carl
Jason

Address
120 Main St
3 Bogus Dr
2413 Sayer Ave
12 Bacon Cr

SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
AND/OR column_name operator value
Example
SELECT * FROM Employees WHERE LastName=’Willis’ OR
LastName=‘Pettersen’
3 Pettersen
4 Willis

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FirstName
Kari
Carl

Address
City
2413 Sayer Ave Tallahassee
12 Bacon Cr
Atlanta


City
Chicago
Tallahassee
Tallahassee
Atlanta

UPDATE

Employees Table
1 Baldauf
2 Svendson
3 Pettersen
4 Willis
5 Smith

FirstName
Ola
Jon
Kari
Carl
Jason

Address
120 Main St
3 Bogus Dr
2413 Sayer Ave
12 Bacon Cr

UPDATE table_name
SET column1=value, column2=value2,...
WHERE some_column=some_value
Example
UPDATE Employees
SET Address=’2727 Monroe St', City=’Tallahassee'
WHERE LastName=’Smith' AND FirstName=’Jason'
1 Baldauf
2 Svendson
3 Pettersen
4 Willis
5 Smith

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FirstName
Ola

Address
120 Main St

City
Chicago

Jon
Kari
Carl
Jason

3 Bogus Dr
2413 Sayer Ave
12 Bacon Cr
2727 Monroe St

Tallahassee
Tallahassee
Atlanta
Tallahassee


City
Chicago
Tallahassee
Tallahassee
Atlanta

INSERT INTO

Employees Table
1 Baldauf
2 Svendson
3 Pettersen
4 Willis
5 Smith

FirstName
Ola
Jon
Kari
Carl
Jason

Address
120 Main St
3 Bogus Dr
2413 Sayer Ave
12 Bacon Cr

City
Chicago
Tallahassee
Tallahassee
Atlanta

INSERT INTO table_name
(ColumnName1, … , ColumnNameN )
VALUES (‘data1’, … , ‘dataN’)
Example
INSERT INTO Employees (LastName, FirstName, Address, City)
VALUES (‘Larkin’, ‘Robert’, ‘34 W 7th’, ‘Atlanta’)
1 Baldauf
2 Svendson
3 Pettersen
4 Willis
5 Smith
6 Larkin

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FirstName
Ola
Jon
Kari

Address
120 Main St
3 Bogus Dr
2413 Sayer Ave

City
Chicago
Tallahassee
Tallahassee

Carl
Jason
Robert

12 Bacon Cr

Atlanta

34 W 7th

Atlanta


DELETE

Employees Table
1 Baldauf
2 Svendson
3 Pettersen
4 Willis
5 Smith

FirstName
Ola
Jon
Kari
Carl
Jason

DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE some_column=some_value
Example
DELETE FROM Employees
WHERE LastName=’Willis' AND FirstName=’Carl'
1 Baldauf
2 Svendson
3 Pettersen
5 Smith

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Address
120 Main St
3 Bogus Dr
2413 Sayer Ave
12 Bacon Cr

FirstName
Ola

Address
120 Main St

Jon
Kari
Jason

3 Bogus Dr
Tallahassee
2413 Sayer Ave Tallahassee
2727 Monroe St Tallahassee


City
Chicago

City
Chicago
Tallahassee
Tallahassee
Atlanta

PHP > MySQL

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Accessing a MySQL Database from PHP
First create a database, table, and fields using phpMyAdmin

1.Establish a connection to mySQL server
2.Select the database
3.Use mysql_query to issue SQL commands

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1. Establish a Connection
mysql_connect("2006.ispace.ci.fsu.edu", ”glm04", ”tm4bj9yc") or die(mysql_error());

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2. Select the Database

mysql_select_db(’glm04_webdev') or die(mysql_error());

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3. Use mysql_query
to Issue Commands

mysql_query("INSERT INTO visitors
(name, email) VALUES('Timmy Mellowman', 'mellowman@fsu.edu' ) ")
or die(mysql_error());

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3. Use mysql_query
to Issue Commands

$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM visitors")
or die(mysql_error());
while($row = mysql_fetch_array( $result )){
echo ”<p> Name: ".$row['name'] ."<br />";
echo "Email: ".$row['email'] ."<br />";
echo " Date: ".$row['date'] .”</p>";
}

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Useful Resources
• Tizag PHP/MySQL Tutorial
– http://www.tizag.com/mysqlTutorial

• W3Schools
– PHP MySQL: http://www.w3schools.com/php/php_mysql_intro.asp
– SQL: http://www.w3schools.com/sql/default.asp

• MySQL Manual:
– http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en

• PHP MySQL functions:
– http://us3.php.net/manual/en/ref.mysql.php

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Database

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