Acute respiratory distress syndrome

1. ARDS
Acute respiratory
distress syndrome
By: ZAHID KHAN
Demonstrator Surgical Technology
AMI PESHAWAR

2. Acute respiratory distress
syndrome(ARDS)
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe lung condition. It
occurs when fluid fills up the air sacs(alveoli) in your lungs. Too much fluid in
your lungs lowers the amount of oxygen in your bloodstream. ARDS can
prevent your organs from getting the oxygen they need to function, and it can
eventually cause organ failure.
ARDS is a medical emergency and a potentially life-threatening condition.

3. Risk factors
ARDS usually follows a major illness or injury, and most people who are affected are
already hospitalized. Such as Patient with TB, Prolong bed rest and hospital associated
infection,
People who have a history of chronic alcoholism are at higher risk of developing
ARDS. They're also more likely to die of ARDS

4. Symptoms of Acute Respiratory Distress
Syndrome
The symptoms of ARDS typically appear between one to three days after the injury or
trauma.
Common symptoms and signs of ARDS include:
laboured and rapid breathing
muscle fatigue and general weakness
low blood pressure
discoloured skin or nails
a dry, hacking cough( loud sound;)
a fever
headaches
a fast pulse rate
mental confusion

5. Causes
The mechanical cause of ARDS is fluid leaked from the smallest blood vessels in the
lungs into the tiny air sacs where blood is oxygenated. Normally, a protective
membrane keeps this fluid in the vessels. Severe illness or injury, however, can cause
damage to the membrane, leading. to the fluid leakage of ARDS.
The most common underlying causes of ARDS include…….

6. Sepsis. The most common cause of ARDS is sepsis, a serious and widespread
infection of the bloodstream.
Inhalation of harmful substances. Breathing high concentrations of smoke or
chemical fumes can result in ARDS,
Severe pneumonia. Severe cases of pneumonia usually affect all five lobes of the
lungs
Head, chest or other major injury. Accidents, such as falls or car crashes, can
directly damage the lungs
Others. Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), massive blood transfusions
and burns

7. Diagnosis
1. a blood test
2. a chest X-ray
3. a CT scan
4. an electrocardiogram
5. an echocardiogram
6. an airway examination

8. Treatment
Supplemental oxygen. For milder symptoms or as a temporary measure, oxygen
may be delivered through a mask that fits tightly over your nose and mouth.
Mechanical ventilation. Most people with ARDS will need the help of a machine to
breathe. A mechanical ventilator pushes air into your lungs and forces some of the
fluid out of the air sacs.

9. Fluids: Carefully managing the amount of intravenous fluids is crucial. Too much
fluid can increase fluid build up in the lungs.
Medication
Pain medication can relieve discomfort.
Antibiotics can treat an infection.
Corticosteroids can treat an infection.
Blood thinners can be used to keep clots from forming in the lungs or legs.

10. THANKS FOR YOUR CONCENTRATION