The document provides information on environmental management plans (EMPs), including their objectives, elements, and principles. An EMP is required to formulate, implement, and monitor environmental protection measures for projects. It must include details on proposed/implemented mitigation measures and associated costs. Environmental aspects should be considered at all project stages from conceptualization to operation. The management plan should be based on resource conservation and pollution prevention considerations like effluents, air/noise pollution, wastes, health and safety, and more. Monitoring programs are also established to track environmental parameters. Overall, the EMP helps ensure regulatory compliance and continuous improvement of environmental performance.

1. MODULE IV

2. Environmental Management Plan
(EMP)
• Preparation of environmental management plan is required for
formulation, implementation and monitoring of environmental
protection measures during and after commissioning of projects.
• The plans should indicate the details as to how various measures have
been or are proposed to be taken including cost components.
• Cost of measures for environmental safeguards should be treated as an
integral component of the project cost and environmental aspects should
be taken into account at various stages of the projects:
 Conceptualization: preliminary environmental assessment
 Planning: detailed studies of environmental impacts and design of
safeguards
 Execution: implementation of environmental safety measures
 Operation: monitoring of effectiveness of built-in safeguards

3. • The management plans should be necessarily based on
considerations of resource conservation and pollution
abatement, some of which are
 Liquid Effluents
 Air Pollution
 Solid Wastes
 Noise and Vibration
 Occupational Safety and Health
 Prevention, maintenance and operation of Environment
Control Systems House-Keeping
 Vegetal Cover
 Disaster Planning
 Environment Management Cell

4. Liquid Effluents
• Effluents from the industrial plants should be treated well to the standards
as prescribed by the Central/State Water Pollution Control Boards.
• Soil permeability studies should be made prior to effluents being
discharged into holding tanks or impoundments and steps taken to
prevent percolation and ground water contamination.
• Special precautions should be taken regarding flight patterns of birds in
the area. Effluents containing toxic compounds, oil and grease have been
known to cause extensive death of migratory birds. Location of plants
should be prohibited in such type of sensitive areas.
• Deep well burial of toxic effluents should not be resorted to as it can result
in re-surfacing and ground water contamination. Re-surfacing has been
known to cause extensive damage to crop and live stocks.
• In all cases, efforts should be made for re-use of water and its
conservation.

5. Air Pollution
• The emission levels of pollutants from the different stacks, should conform
to the pollution control standards prescribed by Central or State Boards.
• Adequate control equipment should be installed for minimizing the
emission of pollutants from the various stacks.
• In-plant control measures should be taken to contain the fugitive
emissions.
• Infrastructural facilities should be provided for monitoring the stack
emissions and measuring the ambient air quality including micro-
meteorological data (wherever required) in the area.
• Proper stack height as prescribed by the Central/State Pollution Control
Boards should be provided for better dispersion of pollutants over a wider
area to minimize the effect of pollution.
• Community buildings and townships should be built up-wind of plant with
one-half to one kilometer greenbelt in addition to physiographical barrier.

6. Solid Wastes
• The site for waste disposal should be checked to verify permeability
so that no contaminants percolate into the ground water or
river/lake.
• Waste disposal areas should be planned down-wind of villages and
townships.
• Reactive materials should be disposed of by immobilizing the
reactive materials with suitable additives.
• The pattern of filling disposal site should be planned to create
better landscape and be approved by appropriate agency and the
appropriately pretreated solid wastes should be disposed according
to the approved plan.
• Intensive programs of tree plantation on disposal areas should be
undertaken.

7. Noise and Vibration
• Adequate measures should be taken for control of noise and vibrations in the
industry.
Occupational Safety and Health
• Proper precautionary measures for adopting occupational safety and health
standards should be taken.
• Prevention, maintenance and operation of Environment Control Systems
• Adequate safety precautions should be taken during preventive maintenance and
shut down of the control systems.
• A system of inter-locking with the production equipment should be implemented
where highly toxic compounds are involved.

8. House - Keeping
• Proper house-keeping and cleanliness should be maintained both inside and
outside of the industry.
Human Settlements
• Residential colonies should be located away from the solid and liquid waste
dumping areas. Meteorological and environmental conditions should be studied
properly before selecting the site for residential areas in order to avoid air
pollution problems.
• Persons who are displaced or have lost agricultural lands as a result of locating the
industries in the area, should be properly rehabilitated.

9. Transport Systems
• Proper parking places should be provided for the trucks and other vehicles by the
industries to avoid any congestion or blocking of roads.
• Siting of industries on the highways should be avoided as it may add to more road
accidents because of substantial increase in the movements of heavy vehicles and
unauthorized shops and settlements coming up around the industrial complex.
• Spillage of chemicals/substances on roads inside the plant may lead to accidents.
Proper road safety signs both inside and outside the plant should be displayed for
avoiding road accidents.

10. Recovery - reuse of waste products
• Efforts should be made to recycle or recover the waste materials to the extent
possible. The treated liquid effluents can be conveniently and safely used for
irrigation of lands, plants and fields for growing non-edible crops.
Vegetal Cover
• Industries should plant trees and ensure vegetal cover in their premises. This is
particularly advisable for those industries having more than 10 acres of land.

11. Disaster Planning
• Proper disaster planning should be done to meet any emergency situation arising
due to fire, explosion, sudden leakage of gas etc. Firefighting equipment and other
safety appliances should be kept ready for use during disaster/emergency situation
including natural calamities like earthquake/flood.
Environment Management Cell
• Each industry should identify within its setup Department/Section/Cell with
trained personnel to take up the model responsibility of environmental
management as required for planning and implementation of the projects.

12. Objectives of the EMP
• Identify a range of mitigation measures which could reduce and
mitigate the potential impacts to minimal or insignificant levels;
• To create management structures that address the concerns and
complaints of stakeholders with regards to the development;
• To establish a method of monitoring and auditing environmental
management practices during all phases of development;
• Ensure that the construction and operational phases of the project
continues within the principles of Integrated Environmental
Management;
• Detail specific actions deemed necessary to assist in mitigating the
environmental impact of the project;
• Ensure that the safety recommendations are complied
• Specify time periods within which the measures contemplated in
the final environmental management plan must be implemented,
where appropriate.

13. GOALS OF EMP
• Develop procedures to implement mitigation measures and
monitoring requirements
• Provide audible commitments to practical and achievable
strategies and design standards.
• Develop integrated plan for comprehensive monitoring and
control of project impacts
ELEMENTS OF EMP
• Description of mitigation measures
• How can we implement these mitigation measures
• Program for monitoring environmental concerns
• Developing a monitoring plan including items to be monitored,
when and by whom it should be monitored.
• Identify the sources of fund.

14. PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES OF AN
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
• carefully determine the indicators to be used in
Monitoring activities;
• collect meaningful and relevant information;
• apply measurable criteria in relation to chosen indicators;
• pass objective judgments on the information collected;
• draw tangible conclusions based on the processing of
information;
• make rational decisions based on the conclusions drawn;
and,
• recommend improved mitigation measures to be
undertaken by the developer

15. Content of EMP
The format of the EMP is as follows;
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Policy
Chapter 3: Organizational Structure
Chapter 4: Training Requirements
Provide information on:
a. Plan for staff training in order to develop competency t discharge
responsibilities on the environmental requirements and compliance. The
training areas shall include maintenance and performing monitoring of all
Pollution Prevention and Mitigating Measures (P2M2) wherever relevant.

16. Chapter 5: Environmental Requirements
Provide information on:
a. EIA Conditions of Approval (COAs);
b. Land Disturbing Pollution Prevention and Mitigation Measures (LD-P2M2);
c. Pollution Prevention and Mitigation Measures (P2M2) to be implemented;
d. Water pollution control;
e. Control of air pollution and noise;
f. Material and waste management;
g. Scheduled waste management;
h. Emergency response plan;
i. Abandonment and closure plan;
j. Mainstreaming tools and Guided Self-Regulation (GSR) element; and
k. Declaration and checklist.

17. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
• Environmental monitoring describes the processes and
activities that need to take place to characterize and monitor
the quality of the environment.
• Environmental monitoring is used in the preparation of
environmental impact assessments, as well as in many
circumstances in which human activities carry a risk of
harmful effects on the natural environment.
• All monitoring strategies and programmed have reasons and
justifications which are often designed to establish the
current status of an environment and Prediction of the impact
of future development and/or alteration in the operation and
design of existing installations.
• Environmental Monitoring Network is operation phase of the
project for monitoring of various environmental parameters
like air, water, noise, soil etc.

18. Significance of EMP
• The purpose of monitoring is to compare predicted and actual impacts,
particularly if the impacts are either very important or the scale of the impact
cannot be very accurately predicted.
• Monitoring is also a way to ensure that the development authorities follow the
laws and regulations set by the government regarding their project.
• The results of monitoring can be used to manage the environment, particularly to
highlight problems early so that action can be taken.
• The range of parameters requiring monitoring may be broad or narrow and will be
dictated by the 'prediction and mitigation' stage of the EIA.
• monitoring may reveal the need for more intensive study and the institutional
infrastructure must be sufficiently flexible to adapt to changing demands.
• The information obtained from monitoring and management can be extremely
useful for future EIAs, making them both more accurate and more efficient.

19. OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN
• To comply with the statutory requirements of monitoring for
compliance with conditions of NOC and CC&A.
• To comply with the provision of Factory Act & MSIHC Rules.
• To verify the results of the impact assessment study in particular
with regards to new development.
• Identification of any significant adverse transformation in
environmental condition to plan additional mitigation measures; if
& as required.
• To check or assess the efficiency of the controlling measures.
• To ensure that new parameters, other than those identified in the
impact assessment study, do not become critical through the
commissioning of new project.
• To establish a data base for future Impact Assessment Studies for
new project.

20. Different types of monitoring
• Impact/effect monitoring- This analyses the direct relationship between
the environmental impact and the effect it causes. It includes magnitude,
extent and intensity.
• Baseline monitoring- This is one type of monitoring that is
done before the commencement of the project. Baseline monitoring gives
us data that is to be included as pre-project status of the site. For example,
air quality baseline data monitoring requires the team to monitor the air at
all strategic locations on the site for 14 consecutive days prior to the
commissioning of the work. This allows them to obtain dust samples every
24 hours.

21. • Mitigation monitoring- This is the monitoring of the effectiveness of the
mitigation measures. It assesses all mitigation measures, be it
implementation, design, technology, etc.
• Compliance monitoring- This is an all-encompassing monitoring method
where we assess if the predicted values are in compliance with the actual
values. It could include mitigation monitoring and impact/effect monitoring
within it.

22. ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING

23. Environmental Auditing
▶ EnvironmentalAudit & its Objectives
▶ Principle functions of an environmental audit
▶ EnvironmentalAuditing
▶ Areas of environmental auditing
▶ Types of audits
▶ Conducting an environmental audit
▶ Contents of audit Report
▶ Structure ofAudit Report
▶ The benefits of auditing

24. Environmental Audit and its Objectives
“Environmental audit” means a systematic evaluation of
activities and processes of a project to determine how far
approved environmental management plan of
these activities and processes conform with the
that
specific project and sound environmental management
practices and applicable environmental standards;

25. e
Environmental Audit and its Objectives
Environmental auditing is an attempt to provide
information on the environmental performance of a
company, and thus inclu e environmental issues in
the decision making proc ss.
An environmental audit assesses the nature and
extent of harm to the environment caused by the
activities, wastes or noise from a particular
company.
Environmental audits must be independent,
objective, credible and transparent in order to be
successful. Audits should also be regular and
ongoing.

26. Objectives
Dr. K V Reddy
On going Beyond
compli5
ance

27. (a) Improve an
(b) Document an
environmental
response
emergency
reporting
environmental
Principle functions of an environmental audit
Organization or activity’s compliance
with environmental legislation and
regulations such as air emission standards, effluent
standards, waste management standards, and
standard operating pro edures;
Operation or activity’s current
Performance ofoperation and
environmental management procedures, including
planning, monitoring and
Planning for future
System and
performance;

28. d
c) prevent
environmental
(d) improve resource use
material use, to
n
(e) actions undertaken
Principle functions of an environmental audit
damage an the tendency for
damage
mi imize wastes and
through reduction in
to
identify recycling opportu ities; and
or needing to be
undertaken by an organisation to
meet environmental goals such
or activity
as sustainable
development, recycling and efficient
resources.
use of

29. e
Environmental Auditing
Two forms of auditing have b en defined:
1 External Audit
2 Internal Audit
an assessment of the conditions of the local environment,
and consisting of 'Policy Impact Assessment', a review of
the activities (objectives, services, practices and policies) of
the authority related to th environment protection as well
as 'Management Audit', a review of the procedures by
which environmental policies are managed by the authority.

30. METHODOLOGY
S.
No
Period
1. Pre-audit Period a
o
2.
Activities at Site
3. Post Audit
Subject
• Questionnaire survey
• Pre-audit visit to assess the facilities
avail ble to team
• Identify the key persons and organize at the
time f audit
• Collection and collation of information
(review of records)
• Material balance
• Water balance
• Monitoring and verification
• Draft report
• Final report

31. Areas of environmental Auditing
a
Areas of environmental auditing normally include;
▶ Management Systems
▶ Material management, savings and alternatives;
▶ Energy management and savings;
▶ Water management and economy of use;
▶ Waste generation, management and disposal;
▶Noise reduction, evaluation and control (internal
and external);
▶ Work Zone Environment Quality
▶ Health Monitoring

32. Areas of environmental auditing
 Air emissions and indoor air quality;
 Transportation and travelling practices;
 Staff awareness, participation and training in
environmental issues;
 Environmental information publicity;
 Public enquiry and complaints response.

33. Types of audit
1- Compliance audit:
checks
company
against
policy.
multimedia or program
involve identifying
s
The most common type of audit. it consists of
legislation
environmental and
Compliance audits may be
Multimedia audits
matic.
and auditing all environmental
media (air, water, waste, etc.) that apply to the
operation/company. Programmatic audits (which may
also be called thematic or media-specific) are limited
in scope to specific area , such as air.

34. Types of audits
Issues audit: an evaluation of how a company's activities
elate to a specific environmental issue such as global
pollution or energy use;
Site audit: an audit of a particular site to examine actual
or potential environmental problems;
due diligence audit: an assessment of potential
environmental and financial risks nd liabilities carried out
because of a company merger or site acquisition or
divestiture (e.g. contaminated land remediation costs);

35. Types of audits:
n
Product or life cycle audit
an analysis of enviro mental impacts of a
product throughout all stages of its design,
production, use and disposal, including its reuse
and recycling.

36. p
c
o
s
Audit protocols and tools
• The term "protocol" means the checklist used by
environmental auditors as the guide for
conducting the audit activities.
• Current technology su ports many versions of
computer-based proto ols that attempt to simplify
the audit process by c nverting regulatory
requirements into que tions with "yes", "no" and
"not applicable" check boxes.
• Other auditors use permits directly as protocols.

37. a
Audit protocols, methods
and tools
During the past 20 years, advances in
technology have had major impacts on auditing.
Laptop computers,
CD/DVDs, the internet,
portable printers,
email and wireless
internet access have all been used to improve
audits, increase auditor access to regulatory
information and create udit reports on-site.

38. Proponent
conditions
plan;
Conducting an environmental audit
(a) Describe the project;
(b) indicate the objective, scope and criteria of the
audit;
(c) study all relevant environmental law and
regulatory frameworks on health and safety,
sustainable use of natural resources and on
acceptable national and international
standards;
(d) verify the level of compliance by the
or the developer with the
of the en ironmental management

39. e
e
d
Conducting an environmental audit
(e) evaluate the proponent’s or the developer’s
knowledge and awaren ss of and responsibility for the
application of relevant legislation;
(f) review existing proj ct documentation related
to all infrastructural facilities and design;
(g) examine monitoring programs, parameters, and
procedures in place for control and corrective actions
in case of emergencies;
(h)examine records of inci ents and accidents and the
likelihood of future occu rence of the incidents and
accidents;

40. g
g
Conducting an environmental audit
(i) inspect all buildin s, premises and yards
in which manufacturin , testing and
transportation takes place within and without
the project area, as well as areas where goods are
stored and disposed of nd give a record of all
significant environmental risks associated with such
activities;
(j)examine and seek views on health and safety issues
from the project empl yees, the local and other
potentially affected communities; and

41. Conducting an environmental Audit
(k) prepare a list of health and environmental concerns of
past and on going activities.
THE CHECK LIST FOR EACH PLANT SHOULD BE PREPARED
BASED ON ABOVE STEPS AFTER A WALK THROUGH THE
PLANT AND AFTER UNDERSTANDING THE PROCESSES AND
ACTIVITIES>

42. a
economic matters relevant to th
Contents of environmental audit report
(a) a presentation of the type of activity being audited;
(b)an indication of the v rious materials, including non-
manufactured materials, the final products, and by-
products, and waste generated;
(c)a description of the different technical activities,
processes and operations of the project;
(d)a description of the national environmental legislative
and regulatory frameworks on ecological and socio-
activity;
at particular project or

43. (g) an identification
Contents of environmental audit report
(e) a description of the potentially affected
environment on ecological and socio-economic
matters;
(f) a prioritization of all past and ongoing concerns of
the project;
of all environmental and
occupational heath and safety concerns of the
project;
(h) an opinion on the efficacy and adequacy of the
environmental management plan of the project;

44. Contents of environmental audit report
(i) detailed recommendations for corrective activities, their
cost, timetable and mechanism for implementation;
(j) an indication of the measures taken under the environmental
management planto ensure implementation is of acceptable
environmental standards; and
(k) a nontechnical summary outlining the key findings, conclusions and
recommendations of the auditor.

45. Structure of the Audit
Report
(a) executive summary;
(b) project’s current status information;
(c) audit objectives and scop ;
(d) audit protocol, criteria and methodology used;
(e) findings and observations;
f) description of key issues including the discovered
project strengths and weaknesses;
(g) recommended actions;
(h) conclusions;
(i) list of documents used or cited as references; and
(j) appendices (photographs, future Plan of Action,
consultancy and the list of stakeholders consulted.

46. The benefits of auditing
•Ensuring compliance, not only with laws, regulations and standards,
but also with company policies and the requirements of an
Environmental Management System (EMS) standard if adopted
• Enabling environmental problems and risks to be anticipated and
responses planned;
• Todemonstrate that an organization is aware of its impact upon
the environment through providing feedback;

47. The benefits of auditing
• Increased awareness amongst stakeholders;
and
• More efficient resource use and
financial savings.
• Improved environmental practices and
• environment friendly technology often
save money in the long run

48. Thanks