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Legal instruments in the WTO:
Ukraine’s experience
Svetlana Zaitseva
7 June 2017
Kiev
1
WTO dispute settlement:
case by case
 What are chances for a successful case?
 What does business want (systemic or
situational solutions)?
 Which tools are more preferable?
 What if we win but the losing party fails to
comply with the ruling?
 Do we want/are we ready to bring the
dispute up to the compensation and
retaliation stage?
2
WTO dispute settlement:
Ukrainian experience3
WTO legal remedies:
Ukrainian experience
Addressing an issue with “soft tools”
 Ukraine - Georgia (2008): Violation of
National Treatment
 Clear stance of producers presented by
a business association + factual material
+ government’s position = issue settled
without the WTO dispute settlement
procedure
4
WTO legal remedies:
Ukrainian experience
Ukraine – Armenia (2010) DS 411 - Measures
affecting the importation and internal sale of
cigarettes and alcoholic beverages
 Consultations
 Panel establishment request (not
established)
 Armenia renewed national treatment and
complied with its obligations under the
WTO Accession Protocol
 Exporters didn’t report to the government
on new facts/practice of discrimination in
cross-border community movement
5
WTO legal remedies:
Ukrainian experience
 Ukraine – Moldova (2011) DS 421 -
Environmental charge
 Consultations
 Panel establishment request made,
rejected, and not re-made
 Parties formally in the consultation phase
6
WTO legal remedies:
Ukrainian experience
 Moldova – Ukraine ( 2011) DS 423 -
Taxes on distilled spirits)
 Counter-claim
 Consultations
 Panel establishment request made,
rejected, and not re-made
 Validity of the measure concerned
expired, dispute subject no more
relevant
7
WTO legal remedies:
Ukrainian experience
 Ukraine – Australia (2012) DS 434 – Plain packaging
requirements
 Consultations
 Panel establishment request
 Panel established
 Working procedures and timetable agreed upon
 Submission prepared
 Panel work suspended (Art. 12.12 DSU) for 1 year
 Panel authority expired
 Third-party rights in other countries’ cases
preserved
8
WTO legal remedies:
Ukrainian experience
 Ukraine – RF ( 2015) : DS 499 – Importation
of railway equipment
 Consultations
 Panel establishment request
 Panel established (2 March 2017)
9
WTO legal remedies:
Ukrainian experience
 Ukraine – RF DS 512 - Traffic in transit
 Consultations
 Panel establishment request
 Panel not established yet
10
WTO legal remedies:
Ukrainian experience
Cases against Ukraine (as respondent):
 Moldova – Ukraine DS 423 – Taxes on
distilled spirits
 Japan – Ukraine DS 468 – Safeguard
measures on passenger cars
 RF – Ukraine DS 493 –Anti-dumping
measure on ammonium nitrate
 RF – Ukraine DS 525 – Persistent trade
restrictions
11
WTO legal remedies: third
party
Articles 4 and 10 DSU subject to condition: “…having
a substantial interest in a matter”
Enables:
 access to the case in the consultation stage
(opportunity of presenting own position on the
case)
 access to the case in the panel work stage
 access to party documents, questions and
answers of case parties
 presenting the party’s position on the case (for or
against)
Opportunities of participating as a third party in
cases should be neglected
12
WTO legal remedies:
Ukrainian experience
Analytical Index
https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/booksp
_e/gatt_ai_e/gatt_ai_e.htm - the most
complete collection of WTO law
interpretations that should be considered
when drafting laws and other regulatory
legal acts on trade
13
WTO legal remedies:
Ukrainian experience
IMPORTANT !
Meaningful interaction between business
and authorities is a prerequisite for WTO
dispute settlement efforts
14
WTO legal remedies:
Ukrainian experience
Svetlana Zaitseva
zaitsevas@yahoo.com
Thank you!
15

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Legal instruments in the WTO: Ukraine’s experience

  • 1. Legal instruments in the WTO: Ukraine’s experience Svetlana Zaitseva 7 June 2017 Kiev 1
  • 2. WTO dispute settlement: case by case  What are chances for a successful case?  What does business want (systemic or situational solutions)?  Which tools are more preferable?  What if we win but the losing party fails to comply with the ruling?  Do we want/are we ready to bring the dispute up to the compensation and retaliation stage? 2
  • 4. WTO legal remedies: Ukrainian experience Addressing an issue with “soft tools”  Ukraine - Georgia (2008): Violation of National Treatment  Clear stance of producers presented by a business association + factual material + government’s position = issue settled without the WTO dispute settlement procedure 4
  • 5. WTO legal remedies: Ukrainian experience Ukraine – Armenia (2010) DS 411 - Measures affecting the importation and internal sale of cigarettes and alcoholic beverages  Consultations  Panel establishment request (not established)  Armenia renewed national treatment and complied with its obligations under the WTO Accession Protocol  Exporters didn’t report to the government on new facts/practice of discrimination in cross-border community movement 5
  • 6. WTO legal remedies: Ukrainian experience  Ukraine – Moldova (2011) DS 421 - Environmental charge  Consultations  Panel establishment request made, rejected, and not re-made  Parties formally in the consultation phase 6
  • 7. WTO legal remedies: Ukrainian experience  Moldova – Ukraine ( 2011) DS 423 - Taxes on distilled spirits)  Counter-claim  Consultations  Panel establishment request made, rejected, and not re-made  Validity of the measure concerned expired, dispute subject no more relevant 7
  • 8. WTO legal remedies: Ukrainian experience  Ukraine – Australia (2012) DS 434 – Plain packaging requirements  Consultations  Panel establishment request  Panel established  Working procedures and timetable agreed upon  Submission prepared  Panel work suspended (Art. 12.12 DSU) for 1 year  Panel authority expired  Third-party rights in other countries’ cases preserved 8
  • 9. WTO legal remedies: Ukrainian experience  Ukraine – RF ( 2015) : DS 499 – Importation of railway equipment  Consultations  Panel establishment request  Panel established (2 March 2017) 9
  • 10. WTO legal remedies: Ukrainian experience  Ukraine – RF DS 512 - Traffic in transit  Consultations  Panel establishment request  Panel not established yet 10
  • 11. WTO legal remedies: Ukrainian experience Cases against Ukraine (as respondent):  Moldova – Ukraine DS 423 – Taxes on distilled spirits  Japan – Ukraine DS 468 – Safeguard measures on passenger cars  RF – Ukraine DS 493 –Anti-dumping measure on ammonium nitrate  RF – Ukraine DS 525 – Persistent trade restrictions 11
  • 12. WTO legal remedies: third party Articles 4 and 10 DSU subject to condition: “…having a substantial interest in a matter” Enables:  access to the case in the consultation stage (opportunity of presenting own position on the case)  access to the case in the panel work stage  access to party documents, questions and answers of case parties  presenting the party’s position on the case (for or against) Opportunities of participating as a third party in cases should be neglected 12
  • 13. WTO legal remedies: Ukrainian experience Analytical Index https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/booksp _e/gatt_ai_e/gatt_ai_e.htm - the most complete collection of WTO law interpretations that should be considered when drafting laws and other regulatory legal acts on trade 13
  • 14. WTO legal remedies: Ukrainian experience IMPORTANT ! Meaningful interaction between business and authorities is a prerequisite for WTO dispute settlement efforts 14
  • 15. WTO legal remedies: Ukrainian experience Svetlana Zaitseva zaitsevas@yahoo.com Thank you! 15