Molecular biology

4. The DNA’s repplication and gene
expression needs relaxed histones. The
Acetyl-coA group allowed this, but Its
nucleus process was unknown.
The two more common illnesses from old
ages: Cancer and neurodegeneration are
related.

5. New way found
by which metabolism is linked to the regulation of DNA
New way found
by which metabolism is linked to the regulation of DNA
SCIENCE DAILY (July 4th 2014)

6. New way found
by which metabolism is linked to the regulation of DNA
New way found
by which metabolism is linked to the regulation of DNA
SCIENCE DAILY
(July 4th 2014)
- The Pyruvate dehydrogenase
complex is a mitochondrial
enzyme which catalyzes the
pyruvate from the Glycolisis into
an acetyl CoA molecule,
Subsequent it goes to krebs
cycle and by a mitochondrial
way, is used by the histones to
unwind the DNA for its
repplication an expression of
the genes.

7. -The Pyruvate dehydrogenase
complex (PDC) was thought always it
reside only within mitochondria, but
due this research they found that it
can actually find its way into the
nucleus and do what it is designed to
do in the mitochondria: generate
acetyl-CoA .
-The researchers were measuring
PDC levels at mitochondria but
accidentaly they also found its
levels at the cell nucleus.
New way found
by which metabolism is linked to the regulation of DNA
New way found
by which metabolism is linked to the regulation of DNA

8. -At mitochondria PDC generates
acetyl- CoA for energy production
-At nucleus PDC generates
acetyl-Coa for histone acetylation
-They discovered an other
way this enzyme works inside
the cells and also found that it
accelerates the growing of
cancer cells
New way found
by which metabolism is linked to the regulation of DNA
New way found
by which metabolism is linked to the regulation of DNA

10. SCIENCE DAILY
(July 29 2014)
Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to
neurodegeneration
Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to
neurodegeneration

11. Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to
neurodegeneration
Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to
neurodegeneration
-Scientists have discovered a
protein that activates the
motion of metastasis in
patients with cancer and also
it has the characteristic of
inhibit genes related with
neurodegeneration.
They scaned RNA’s sequences
of the tumoral breast cells
and discovered on their RNA’s
shapes binding sites for
proteins that set the path of
the destructive molecule.

12. Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to
neurodegeneration
Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to
neurodegeneration
-Following these paths they found many
hairpins with the RNA target for destruction,
and inside of them found a protein which they
named “ TARBP2”.
-Later on they investigated which genes were
affected and found:
APP gene associated with alzheimer
ZNF395 associated with huntington’s disease
So the TARBP2 apparently turns
off the action of these genes
TARBP2
APP

13. Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to
neurodegeneration
Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to
neurodegeneration
Finally they discovered
something else:
The APP and ZNF395
were not that bad all:
they were implied on
avoid cancer’s spread by
metastasis and its gene
exppresion.
APP GENE
ZNF395
GENE
TARBP2

15. New way found
by which metabolism is linked
to the regulation of DNA
Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to
neurodegeneration

16. New way found
by which metabolism is linked to the regulation of DNA
New way found
by which metabolism is linked to the regulation of DNA
The discovering of the presence of PDC at
cell nucleus allows the join with cancer’s
intracellular action mechanism due its
relation with DNA replication and gene
expression in which both have an
important role
It generates better depth study
about the molecular processes
occurring and the possibility of
discovering/creating new ways
of treatment/prevention by
genetic terapy

17. Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to neurodegeneration
Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to neurodegeneration
TARBP2 and its relation with the
inhibition of tumor suppressor
genes, allowed to discover more
mechanisms of action of cancer and
the group of implied genes.
Knowing the ones affected there
could be designed a way to protect
them against the damage.

18. Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to neurodegeneration
Discovery of a
pro-metastasis protein
reveals misterious link to neurodegeneration
Given the potential action of APP and
ZNF395 genes (associated with Alzheimer
+ decreases metastasis of breast cancer
and associated with huntington’s disease
+ decreases cancer’s genes), there can
begin to make gene therapy in patients
with these diseases and begin
investigating ways in the pharmaceutical
field to find preventive and therapeutic
action against their damage by cancer or
inhibit their neurodegenerative action.

19. • Sutendra, G. A Nuclear Pyruvate
Dehydrogenase Complex Is Important for the
Generation of Acetyl-CoA and Histone
Acetylation. Cell Magazine, 2014; 158 (1): 84
• Goodarzi, H. Zhang, S.
Metastasis-suppressor transcript destabilization through TARBP2 binding
of mRNA hairpins.
Nature Magazine, 2014; DOI: 10.1038
• Martinez, Lina. Biologia Molecular. 4. ed.
Medellin: UPB. Facultad de medicina. 2008. 286p