1. Researchers have developed a new DNA-based test that can more quickly and accurately distinguish between two potato pests called the golden nematode and pale cyst nematode. 2. The test identifies unique DNA sequences in the parasitism genes of each nematode species, allowing identification from small nematode samples. 3. Scientists also discovered a new species of Ehrlichia bacteria carried by ticks that can cause febrile illness in humans in Wisconsin and Minnesota. The most severe cases can impact multiple organs and effective treatment involves antibiotics like doxycycline.

1. Esteban Jiménez Gaviria School of Health Sciences Semestre III September 12 / 2011 PCR NEWS

4. Introduction

5. A Better Test for a Potato Pest ScienceDaily (Aug. 24, 2011) This investigation guarantees alimentary security, and promotes food security on the outside the golden nematode the pale cyst nematode Breeders have developed potatoes that can resist the golden nematode If the pale cyst nematode is found in a field, potatoes cannot be grown there Part A

6. A Better Test for a ScienceDaily (Aug. 24, 2011) Traditional methods of distinguishing between the two PCN species have relied on time-consuming morphological analyses and PCR assays. But Wang and her colleagues Cloned the parasitism gene the nematodes use to produce a protein that plays an important role in the infection process chorismate mutase. Part B

7. New Bacterium Found Causing Tick-Borne Illness Ehrlichiosis in Wisconsin and Minnesota ScienceDaily (Aug. 31, 2011) Part C Take chorismate mutase genes Compared the sequences Identified unique regions in each sequence

8. Part D New Bacterium Found Causing Tick-Borne Illness Ehrlichiosis in Wisconsin and Minnesota ScienceDaily (Aug. 31, 2011) The diagnostic test is one of several new technologies designed to distinguish PCN types More sensitive than other systems It can give reliable results from tiny amounts of nematode material.

9. Personal comment It is important for a farmer to know the soil and microorganisms to have a successful development and a good fruit crop, as a student of medicine is important to know the different microorganisms that can cause disease in our patients to choose the appropriate form of treatment

10. New Bacterium Found Causing Tick-Borne Illness Ehrlichiosis in Wisconsin and Minnesota ScienceDaily (Aug. 31, 2011) Part A The new species of Ehrlichia infections can cause febrile illness, found in ticks. More severe disease may involve multiple organs such as the lungs, kidneys and brain

11. New Bacterium Found Causing Tick-Borne Illness Ehrlichiosis in Wisconsin and Minnesota ScienceDaily (Aug. 31, 2011) Part B The drug of choice for treating ehrlichiosis Doxycycline Prevention Apply insect repellent and wear pants and long-sleeved shirts when active outdoors

12. New Bacterium Found Causing Tick-Borne Illness Ehrlichiosis in Wisconsin and Minnesota ScienceDaily (Aug. 31, 2011) Part C The investigation began after Carol Werner:

13. New Bacterium Found Causing Tick-Borne Illness Ehrlichiosis in Wisconsin and Minnesota ScienceDaily (Aug. 31, 2011) Part D So the diagnosis:

14. Personal comment It is important to know the diferntes vectors of the disease, because a good knowledge of these allows a good prevention

15. Medical utility Part A

16. Medical utility Part B

17. Medical utility Part C Intense study of these two types of bacteria will facilitate the management and prevention of these.

18. Medical utility Part D