1. THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN USA

2. Outline
1. Introduction & study objectives.
2.The Federal Courts (The US Supreme
Court , U.S. District Court And U.S.
Court Of Appeals )
3.Courts of the Individual States.

3. Introduction
 The justice system in the United States is one
of the most unique in the world. It consists of
two separate levels of courts, state and federal,
that can peacefully co-exist under the concept
of federalism .

4. Dual Court System
Two court systems in America
Federal courts State courts

5. The Federal Courts
 Article III of the constitution invests the
judicial power of the United States in the
Federal Courts System.
Article III Section 1 :-
Specifically creates the U.S Supreme
Court and gives congress the authority to
create the lower federal courts

6. Study objectives
 The Federal Courts
1 Supreme Court
94 District Court
Inferior 13 Courts Of
Federal Appeals
Courts

7. Supreme Court

8. U.S. Supreme Court (9)
“Justices”

9. Kinds of Jurisdiction
The Us
Supreme
Court
Original Appellate
Jurisdiction Jurisdiction

10. Original Jurisdiction
 the US Supreme Court has original
jurisdiction (heard there first). Cases
in which a state is a party and cases
dealing with diplomatic personnel,
like ambassadors, are the two
examples.

11. Appellate jurisdiction
 As a court of last resort in federal
matters (Cases arising under the
constitution or laws of the United
states)

12. Inferior Federal Courts
 Inferior Federal courts are created by
statute (Congress Or Law)
Inferior
Federal
Courts
U.S District U.S Court
Courts Of Appeals

13. U.S District Courts

14. U.S District Courts “Trial Courts”
The United States
has 94 Federal
district courts.

15. U.S. District
Courts a state with
Oregon,
few people, has
only 1 Federal
District Court.
California, a
populous state,
has 4 Federal
District Courts.

16. U.S. Court Of
Appeals

17. U.S. Courts of Appeal “Circuit Courts”
 When cases are appealed from
district courts, they go to a federal
court of appeals. Courts of appeals
do not use juries or witnesses. No
new evidence is submitted in an
appealed case.
 appellate courts base their
decisions on a review of lower-
court records.

18. How Many Judges
participate ?
 Between four and twenty six
judges sit on each court of
appeals, and each case is
usually heard by a panel of
three judges. Courts of
appeals offer the best hope
of reversal for many
appellants, since the
Supreme Court hears so few
cases. Fewer than 1 percent
of the cases heard by federal
appeals courts are later
reviewed by the Supreme
Court.

19.  The U.S Supreme Court is the final
appellate court.
 The Court’s decision on application for
appeal or certiorari is usually rendered
per curium.

20. The Specialized Judicial tribunals
 On the same level with the courts of
appeals there exist The Court of Claims
and The Court of Customs and Patent
Appeals.

21. The Court of
Claims
It has jurisdiction
over claims
against federal
government

22. The Court of Customs and
Patent Appeals
It is competent for the
supervision of decisions of
two adminstrative agencies
(the patent Office and the
International Trade
Commisiion)

23. The Federal Judges
 The majority of federal judges are still
appointed from among leading
practitioners , politicians , or law
teachers
 Federal Judges are appointed for life by
the president with the advice and
consent of the senate.

24. Courts of the individual states
 All of the states have a complete judicial
hierarchy which consists of Three Levels
of courts in many states , in some states
only of Two Levels.
 Designation of these courts in often
confusing.

25.  The Appellate Tribunal in the states in
which there is middle level court is The
State Court of Appeal.
 Final Appellate Jurisdiction , both in
systems with only Two Levels of courts
and in those with Three is The Supreme
Court of The State

26. selection of judges
 In most states judges are elected or , if
appointed to a vacancy , confirmed in
their office by election.

27. Group 5
 1.Eslam Salah Ashry (Presenter)
2.Asmaa Mansour Ali (Presenter)
3.Eslam Mohammed Zaki
4.Eslam Gamaleldin Hussien
5.Eslam Nabil Badr
6.Ismail Bakry Selim
7.Eslam Ramadan Fathi
8.Eslam Mohammed Saeid