4. OBJECTIVES FOR THIS DAY:
• At the end of the lesson, it is expected that 90% or more of the students should:
1. Define what is a computer.
2. Determine the following:
a) Different processes that happens inside the computer
b) Digital devices
c) Digital Representation of the computer
3. Know the different parts of a computer
4. Recognize the Operating Systems in the computer
28. NEW GENERATION
PERSONAL COMPUTER
• Microprocessor-based computing device
designed to meet the computing needs
of an individual
• Desktop computers
• Notebook (or “laptop”) computers
29. NEW GENERATION
Servers
• Main purpose is to serve other computers on a
network (LAN, internet) by supplying them with
data
• Any computer can be a server or a client
• Client
• any software or digital device that requests data from
server
• High performance servers are needed when there
is a need for lots of users and rapid response
30. NEW GENERATION
Supercomputer
• One of the fastest computers at the time of construction
• Tackle complex tasks and computer intensive problems
• massive amounts of data
• complex mathematical equations
• Examples:
• breaking codes
• modeling world-wide weather systems
• simulation of nuclear explosions
31. NEW GENERATION
Supercomputer
• Titan of Oak Ridge National
Laboratory
• Memory: 710TB (598TB CPU and 112
TB GPU)
• Storage: 10 PB (240 GB/s IO)
• For scientific research
38. •Digital data
• two discrete digits such as 0s or 1s,
on or off, true or false, yes or no
•Analog data
• scale of values
•Example: standard light switch
and dimmer switch
39. •Digital data
• Is represented using BITS
A Bit – binary digit (1 or 0)
Uses sequences of Bits
40. Computer Organization
• Six Logical Units
• Input unit
• Output unit
• Memory unit
• Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)
• Central processing unit (CPU)
• Secondary storage unit
40
41. “What are the basic parts of the
computer?”
QUESTION:
46. Analysis
• How important are the parts of the computer?
• Relate what you’ve seen in the video to a real life
situation.
• Cite some examples
(Stand Up Game)
46
50. Analysis
• What is your observation from the video before?
• Relate what you’ve seen in the video to a real life
situation.
• Cite some examples
(Stand Up Game)
50
56. Software
• Program that a computer uses in order to function
• Kept on some hardware device like a hard disk, but it itself
is intangible
• Programs act like instructions for the processor
• Application Programs
• programs that people use to get their work done
• perform specific task
56
57. Software
• Compilers
• Translates computer programs to machine language
• Machine language
• Language that your computer understands
57
58. Software
• Systems Programs
• Programs that are needed to keep all the hardware and
software systems running together smoothly
• Examples are operating systems
• Linux Ubuntu
• Windows 7
• Unix
• Mac OS X
58
59. Programming Languages
• A standardized communication technique for expressing instructions
to a computer
• Each language has its own syntax and grammar
• These instructions are translated into machine language that can be
understood by computers
• Example:
• C, C++, Java, PHP,Visual Basic 2010, Python
59
60. Software Licenses
• Proprietary
• purchased
• source code is not available
• cannot make copies for others
• Freeware
• free but source code is not available
• Open source
• free and source code is available
60
61.
62. Analysis
• What is your observation from the video before?
• How deeply involved is applications to our lives?
• Cite some examples
(Stand Up Game)
62
63. “Is it good for us to be involved
with applications?”
QUESTION: (PHILOSOPHICAL CHAIRS)
AGREE – SIT ON THE LEFT SIDE
DISAGREE – SIT ON THE RIGHT SIDE
64. “What is the program that lets
you communicate with the
computer ?”
QUESTION:
67. ANALYSIS:
• What are your reactions based on the video?
• How different is the Operating Systems for the Computer and for the
mobile devices?
• Cite examples
67
68. Operating Systems
• Most important software that runs on a computer
• Manages the computer's memory, processes, and all of its software
and hardware
• Allows you to communicate with the computer without knowing how
to speak the computer's “language”
• Without an OS, the computer is useless
68
69. Operating Systems - Personal Computers
• MicrosoftWindows - 2000, XP,Vista, 7, 8
• Mac OS X – Snow Leopard, Lion, Mountain Lion
• Linux distributions - Red-Hat, Ubuntu, Knoppix, SuSE, Fedora,
Debian
• Various BSD's - FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD
• Others like UNIX, Google Chrome OS, Chromium OS, OpenSolaris,
MS-DOS
69
70. Evolution of Windows OS
• 1982–1985:Windows 1.0
• 1987–1992:Windows 2.0–2.11—More windows, more speed
• 1990–1994:Windows 3.0–Windows NT—Getting the graphics
• 1995–2001:Windows 95—the PC comes of age
• 1998–2000: Windows 98,Windows 2000, Windows Me
70
71. Evolution of Windows OS
• 2001–2005:Windows XP—Stable, usable, and fast
• 2006–2008: WindowsVista—Smart on security
• 2009: Windows 7
• 2012:Windows 8
• Present: Windows 10
71
80. “Try to remember the very first computer
you have: ”
HOW FAST ISTHE COMPUTERS NOWADAYS?
Share your answer through telling us what type of computers have you
experienced using until to the present?
Share your observations
81. Operating Systems – Mobile Devices
• webOS
• developed for PDAs and
smartphones of Palm
• later acquired by HP, then LG
Electronics
81
82. Operating Systems – Mobile Devices
•Symbian
• used by Nokia and Ericson
smartphones
• became open source in
2010
• Home screen of Nokia
Belle
82
83. Operating Systems – Mobile Devices
• Windows Phone
• replacedWindows Mobile OS in 2010
• features a series of “tiles” that represent apps,
contacts, media
• latest stable release is version 8.0.10211.204
(Portico)
• HTC 8X
• Nokia Lumia 820
83
84. Operating Systems – Mobile Devices
• BlackBerry OS
• proprietary OS produced by RIM
• key feature is ability to work with corporate email systems produced by
Microsoft and IBM
84
85. Operating Systems – Mobile Devices
• Android OS
• open source OS developed by Google
• designed for smartphones and tablets
• based on Linux kernel
• runs on Samsung, Sony, HTC, LG,
Motorola phones
• Latest release is version 4.2.x (Jelly Bean)
85
86. Operating Systems – Mobile Devices
• iOS
• developed by Apple, Inc.
• designed for iPads, iPhones and devices
by Apple
• first handheld OS to offer routines that
manage gesture inputs
• iOS6 on iPhone 5
86
87. “Nokia CEO cries: we didn’t do
anything wrong, but somehow,
we lost?”
QUESTION: GIVE YOUR REACTIONS ABOUT THIS STATEMENT
WHAT LESSONS CAN YOU LEARNED FROM THIS?
Hinweis der Redaktion
PB – PetaByte (1PB = 1024 TB)
Large Circuit Board – “Motherboard” contains some of the most important parts of the computer:
a) CPU – Central Processing Unit (brain inside the computer because it processes information and carries out instruction, since it tends to get hot it gets covered by a heatsink
b) heatsink which draws heat away from the processor
c) The motherboard also contains your RAM (Random Access Memory) – this is the short term memory that a computer will use whenever it is performing calculations however you can’t store your files in the RAM because it clears its memory when you turn off the computer
d) For long term storage, you save your files in a hard drive, where it keeps all your data even when you turn off the computer. Most HD uses a magnetic platter to store data, but nowadays HD have solid state drives which are faster and more durable but also more expensive
e) Expansion slots can be added if you want to upgrade your computer
f) You can add a Video Graphics Card ( for better video quality)
g) you can have wireless card ( for your computer to connect the WIFI)
h) In order to run the computer, it needs electricity which can be stored in the power supply unit
i) The Power Supply Unit is design to get electricity from the power outlets and sends it to other parts of the computer