An Invited Presentation to a Network of Collaborators with the Centre's Biomass Research Group at the University of Lagos.

1. Proffering Lasting Solution to Africa
(Nigeria) Energy Challenge:
CSP Technology - a Viable Alternative
Energy Means?
by
E.O.B. Ogedengbe
National Centre for Energy Efficiency and Conservation
(Energy Commission of Nigeria) University of Lagos, Akoka-
Yaba, Nigeria

2. 2
Brief Introduction
of the NCEEC
Mandates
Research Vision
for the Centre
Prospects on CSP
Technology for
Energy Generation
Proposed
Implementation of
the EV Pilot Study
Scheme
Potentials of
Energy Conversion
from the Atlantic
Ocean
PRESENTATION OUTLINE

3. Introduction
“Energy Efficiency” and “Energy Conservation”

4. The Mandates - NCEEC
4
Mandates
Research &
Development
Consultancy
Building
Partnerships with
other Organizations
Training via
Seminars,
Workshops, etc
Energy
Efficiency
Projects
Appliance
Testing
Awareness
Creation on EE&C
Energy
Audits
Develop EE&C Policy
Framework

5. Organizational Structure
ENERGY COMMISSION OF NIGERIA
Technical Officer
Projects
Technical Officer
Maintenance
Deputy Director
Research & Development
Head
Internal Audit Un
Head
Finance & Accounts Unit
Technical Officer
Laboratory Services
Director General/CEO
Energy Commission of Nigeria
Head
Procurement Unit
Final AccountsCentral Pay/Revenue
Appointment Promotion & Discipline
Head
Human Resources Unit
Establishment & Registry Staff Welfare & Training
Research Officer
Extension Services & Commercialization
Research Officer
Research Planning & Innovation
Research Officer
Codes & Standardization
Research Officer
Energy Audit & Conservation Services
Head
Technical Unit
Research/Scientific Officers
Technical Officer
Training Services
Research/Scientific Officers
Technical Advisory Committee
Head
Research Unit
Research Advisory Committee
Deputy Director
Finance & Administration
Research/Scientific Officers Research/Scientific Officers
Director
Governing Board

6. The Context of NCEEC’s Research Vision
-
100,000.00
200,000.00
300,000.00
400,000.00
500,000.00
600,000.00
700,000.00
-
500,000.00
1,000,000.00
1,500,000.00
2,000,000.00
2,500,000.00
3,000,000.00
3,500,000.00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Demand(VAh)
Sub Energy Stock
Power and Energy Demand Curve
VAH VA
1 Civil
2 Chemical
3 Met & Mat.
4 Mechanical
5 System
6 Elect & Elect
7 Other Faculty
Total Demand = 1.8 MVA

7. Acknowledged Solution: Solar Energy
Technologies
Inverter
Fusebox/
Storage
Meter
M.PudicaSolar Cells
Grid
ElectricalLoad
Sun
Solar Cell Integration

8. Acknowledged Solution: Wind Energy
Technologies
Wind
Turbine Integration

9. Acknowledged Solution: Biomass
Energy Technologies
Biomass Bio-digestion
and Gasification

10. Specific Objectives: Project Plan
1. Design and Production of M.pudica - Based
Solar Modules with Grid Integration

11. Specific Objectives: Project Plan
2. Design and Control of Aerodynamic Blades
for Optimal Design of Horizontal- and Vertical-
Axis Wind Turbines

12. Specific Objectives: Project Plan
3. Design and Demonstration of
Concentrated Solar Powered (CSP) Food Waste
Gasification Plant for the Production of Syngas

13. Specific Objectives: Project Plan
4. Software Design for Energy Audit and
Management

14. Prospects on CSP Technology for Energy
Generation
Category Description Composition (%)
E-waste Electric cables, printer’s cartridge, phones accessories 0
Glass All glass materials 2
Leather Shoes and bags made of leather 4
Metals Tins cans, aluminum cans, iron, and non-aluminum 3
Polythene
bags
Polyethylene packaging bags, sachet water bag, PP bags, nylons 24
Organic waste Organic Food waste, garden waste (branches, twigs, leaves, grass) 15
Paper Notebook, printer paper, textbooks, glossy paper. 15
Plastic PET bottles, HDPE, and other plastic 9
Sanitary
waste
Pads, diapers, and cotton wools 7
Textile Cloth wares and wigs 7
Other Dirty, hair and miscellaneous materials 6
Inert Soil and stone 8
Description of Waste Components Categories in Unilag

15. Process Flow for Electricity Generation
Air
Compressor
Pyrolysis Gas
Air
Input
Syn Gas
Combustor
Gas Turbine Electricity Charging
Station
Gas Stream

16. Prospects on CSP Technology for Energy
Generation
CSP
Technology
BXR
Feedstock
Collector &
Homogenizer
Methane
Synthesis
Concentrated Solar Energy
To Char
CH4

17. Prospects on CSP Technology for Energy
Generation
CSP
Technology
BXR
Feedstock
Collector &
Homogenizer
Methane
Synthesis
Concentrated Solar Energy
To Char
CH4
Six (6) bladed Rushton impeller

18. Prospects on CSP Technology for Energy
Generation
CSP
Technology
BXR
Feedstock
Collector &
Homogenizer
Methane
Synthesis
Concentrated Solar Energy
To Char
CH4
KIA impeller

19. Prospects on CSP Technology for Energy
Generation
CSP
Technology
BXR
Feedstock
Collector &
Homogenizer
Methane
Synthesis
Concentrated Solar Energy
To Char
CH4
Anchor impeller

20. Prospects on CSP Technology for Energy
Generation
CSP
Technology
BXR
Feedstock
Collector &
Homogenizer
Methane
Synthesis
Concentrated Solar Energy
To Char
CH4
Pitched Blade impeller

21. Prospects on CSP Technology for Energy
Generation
CSP
Technology
BXR
Feedstock
Collector &
Homogenizer
Methane
Synthesis
Concentrated Solar Energy
To Char
CH4
Solar Tracking System

22. Prospects on CSP Technology for Energy
Generation
CSP
Technology
BXR
Feedstock
Collector &
Homogenizer
Methane
Synthesis
Concentrated Solar Energy
To Char
CH4
Cyclone Separator

23. Prospects on CSP Technology for Energy
Generation
CSP
Technology
BXR
Feedstock
Collector &
Homogenizer
Methane
Synthesis
Concentrated Solar Energy
To Char
CH4
Cyclone Separator
Cl
Methane outMicrochannel
module
Solid particles out
With sulphur element
Cleaned
syngas
Raw syngas
in

24. Proposed Implementation of the EV Pilot
Study Scheme
• Rechargeable Lead-Acid Batteries
• Speed Range – Road Access
Synchronization
• Urban Use Perfect
(Top Speed: 32 km/h; Range: 50-65 km)
• Encouraged by Improved Power
Infrastructure at Homes

25. Proposed EV Pilot Study Scheme
• Worldwide Discovery of Large
Petroleum Reserves
• Outpaced Improvement in
ICE performances (Speed and Range)
• Improved Road Infrastructure

26. Proposed EV Pilot Study Scheme
• Worldwide Push for Zero-Emission Vehicles
• Advances in Energy Storage and Battery Technologies
• Improved Speed and Range Performances (Over 320 km/Charge)
• Switchable Battery Technologies
• Developing Advances on Alternative Source of Energy for the
Charging Stations

27. NADDC’s EV Deployment Strategy
EV Pilot
Study
Scheme
E-Car 1 E-Car 2 E-Bus 1
University
of Lagos
• Adaptability of the EV
Technology
• Socio-economic Analysis
of EV Deployment
• Operational Research and
Applicability
• Alternative Source of Energy
for Charging Stations

28. NCEEC’s Proposed Implementation Plan
TER-2
TER-3
TER-1
EVCS

29. Prospective Research Groupings
Group 1: Solar Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (organic
or inorganic; power electronics; grid integration; etc)
Group 2: Wind Energy Conversion (aerodynamic design;
load analysis; etc)
Group 3: Biomass Energy Conversion (thermochemical
characterization; pyrolysis/gasification; feedstock loading
techniques; process flow analysis; etc)
Group 4: Software Design, Maintenance Diagnostics, and
Control
Group 5: EV Components, System Optimization, and EV
Reverse Engineering (Chassis, Steering, Suspension,
Braking, Thermal Comfort, etc)
Group 6: Socio-economic, Adaptability, Maintenance
Scheduling and Logistic Study

30. Potentials of Energy Conversion from the
Atlantic Ocean
According to the US
Department of Energy's
National Renewable
Energy Laboratory
(DOE/NREL), on a typical
day, the tropical oceans
mop up heat energy
equivalent to 250 billion
barrels of oil.

31. Potentials of Energy Conversion from the
Atlantic Ocean
Regional Potentials of the Atlantic Ocean for OTEC Technology

32. Potentials of Energy Conversion from the
Atlantic Ocean
African Countries Population by
2017 (Millions)
ΔT oC between warm surface
seawater and cold seawater at
1000 m depth
Nigeria 191.8 23 - 25
Tanzania 55.0 20 - 22
Kenya 43.2 20 - 21
Ghana 25.4 22 - 24
Cameroon 23.4 20 - 22
Benin 10.8 22 - 24
Regional Potentials of the Atlantic Ocean for OTEC Technology

33. Prospects on CSP Technology for Energy
Generation
Concentrated Solar Energy
CSP
Technology
Gasifier
Ocean
Organic/Plastic
Water Collector
& Homogenizer
Methane
Synthesis
To Char CH4
Molten Salt
Pump/Mixer
Ammonia
Evaporator
Ammonia
Condenser
CH4
Turbine
~
Molten Salt
Pump/Mixer
NH3
Turbine
Cold Water
Pump
Warm Water
Pump
NH3 Feed
Pump
NH3 Reflux
Pump
Exhaust