Veterinary Anthelmintic by: Emad Nasser Hegazy- Fac of vet med Alex Unv

1. Anthelmintic

2. Anthelmintic
By
Emad Nasser Hegazy
Vet. Med. Alex.

3. I. NEMATOCIDAL DRUGS:
5 families
1.Benzimidazoles
2.Imidothiazole
3.Tetrahydropyrrimidine
4.Simple heterocyclic copounds
5.Avermectins

4. 1. Benzimedazoles (BZDs)
Act by conversion inside the cell in to
methylbenzimedazole
General characteristics:
1. Act on nematode as…
2. Antibacterial
3. Antifungal
4. Antineoplastic
Used: orally
Disadvantages: teratogenic

5. Include:
1. Thiobendazole
2. Albendazole
3. Fenbendazole
4. Oxyfenbendazole
5. Triclabendazole
6. Netobiamine

6. 1. Thiabendazole
Oint: for ring worm
Syrup: for nematodes generally

7. 2. Albendazole (2.5, 5, 10%)

8. 3. Fenbendazole

9. 3. Oxyfenbendazole

10. 4. Triclabendazole
1. Wide therapeutic index 1:16
2. No teratogenic effect
3. Not affect nematodes
4. Affect mature and immature fascioliasis
5. Only descend in milk for 36 hrs.

11. 5. Netobiamine (sheep
dewormer)

12. 2. Imidothiazole derivatives
Parasympathomimitic (A. choline like effect)….
Include
Nervous signs may appear on host
Levamizole contraindicated in equine
Levamizole increase non specific immunity and
can be used as rumenal stimulant
Levamizole Tetramizole

14. 3. Tetrahydropyrimidines
Parasympathomimitic….
Include
Pyrantel Morantel

15. 4. Simple heterocyclic
compounds
Piperazine citrate
Anti acetyle choline…..

16. 5. Avermectins
Inhibit neurotransmitter (GABA)….
1 ml / 50 kg Bwt S/C.
Include

18. Ivermectin in horse:
• Is effective against bots, stomach worms,
strongyles, pin worms, and ascarids.
• It is adm. At 0.2 mg /kg orally or S/C.

19. Ivermectin in dogs:
• Is effective against ascarids, hook worms and
whip worms at 0.2mg/kg orally.
• However, this dose may not be safe in some
breeds (e.g collies) and some individuals, and
so that not approved in dogs.
• In the dogs, being highly susceptible to
ivermectin, they have amutation of P-
glycoprotein (multi-drug transporter)
particurarly in the endothelial cells of the blood
brain barrier.
• The mutation of P-glycoprotein cause retention
of drugs, particularly macrocyclic lactones in
the brain of these dogs.

20. • Selamectin (Revolution):
Applied topically in dogs and cats (≥ 6 Wks old), 6
mg/kg, once amonth.

21. Ivermectin or Levamizol

22. II. ANTICESTODAL
DRUGS:
1. Arecholine hydrobromide
2. Praziquantil
3. Niclosamide
4. Other nematocides
Albendazole
Fenbendazole
oxyfenbendazole

23. 1. Arecholine hydrobromide:
Parasympathomimetic (A. choline like effect on
host)…..
Used after over night fasting
Contraindicated in cats….???

24. 2. Praziquantil:
Interfere with normal integument function of
the body of the worm….
Drug of choice for cestodes.
Effective against all species of tapeworm.
Affect mature and juvenile stage.
The safest anticestodal drugs.

25. Can be used in combination with pyrantel
pamoate, ivermectin to kill nematodes.

26. 3. Niclosamide:
Inhibit glucose uptake by the worm…..
Also affect paramphistomum.
Not affect fasciloa

28. III. DRUGS FOR
TREMATODES:

29. 1. Drugs for paramphistomum:
• Paramphistomum (rumen flukes)…….
• All paramphistomum drugs affect adult only.
• Include:
1. Niclosamide
2. Oxyclosanide
3. Rafoxanide

30. • Act by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation
• disadv: chelation of Ca.

32. • Nitroxinil
• Rafoxanide
• Closantel
• Ivomec super
Oral Injection
Individual Combinations
• Fenbendazole + Rafoxanide
• Triclabendazole + Levamisole
• Triclabendazole + Ivermectin
• Oxyclosanide + Levamisole
• Albendazole + Rafoxanide
• Rafoxanide + Ivermectin
• Triclabendazole
• Rafoxanide
• Albendazole
• Netobiamin
2. Fasciolicidal drugs:

33. Oral individual fasciolicidal
drugs

34. • Adv. & disadv.

35. • Adv. & disadv.

36. • Less effect on fasciola

38. Oral combination
fasciolicidal drugs

44. Injection fasciolicidal drugs

45. • Disadv.

46. • Disadv.

47. • Interfere with phosphorylation.
• affect fasciola.
• affect estrus ovis.
• affect hypoderma.
• affect some nematode.
• adv.: has residual effect in the body.
• given by 2 doses: high dose – low dose.

48. • Ivermectin + Clorsulon

49. ANTIPROTOZOAL DRUGS:

51. Sulfonamides:

52. Vitamin antagonist:
Anti vit. B1
(Amprolium)
Anti vit. B6
(Diaverdin)

53. Pyromethamine:
• Used in combination with sulfa

54. Toltrazuril:

55. Metronidazole
1) Antiprotozoal and antibacterial
2) Effective against Giardia, Histomonas,
Babesia, Trichomonas and Ameba.

56. Drugs for TTT of toxoplasmosis:
Trimethoprim – sulfadiazine
Pyromethamine
Clindamycin
Drugs for TTT of
cryptosporidiosis:Paromycin
Azithromycin
Nitazoxanide

57. BLOOD PARASITES:

58. 1. Diminazine aceturate
2. Imidocarb dipropionate
3. Quonironium sulphate

59. 1. Imidocarb dipropionate
2. Oxytetracycline

60.  Recent therapy:
Buparvaquone
 Old therapy:
Berenil or Imizol
+ Tetracycline L.A
+ Arsinal
 Chloroquine phosphate

61. 1. Diminazine aceturate
2. Naganol or Suramin
3. Quinapyramine Sulphate
(Antrycide)

62. The preparation is prescribed for cats and dogs from 10
week age in cases of myiasis (lice, fleas, biting lice),
sarcoptic mange, notoedric mange, otoacariasis, affection
by ixodic ticks as well as for prevention.

64. Deworming program of
cattle

65. Deworming program of
sheep

66. Deworming program of
equine
F:sectionsDewormingHandout.pdf
F:sectionsrecommended-equine-deworming-schedule.pdf

67. Deworming program of
dog & cat
F:sectionsWorming_schedule_for_puppies_dogs.pdf