This document summarizes the mechanisms of action of various protein synthesis inhibitors in bacteria. It discusses how these inhibitors target different stages of mRNA translation in the bacterial ribosome, including initiation, elongation, and termination. Some key inhibitors mentioned are aminoglycosides, spectinomycin, linezolid, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolides, clindamycin, streptogramins, and mupirocin. They act by binding to different sites on the bacterial ribosomal subunits and disrupting proper formation of initiation complexes, misreading of mRNA, peptide bond formation, and translocation during translation.
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INTRODUCTION TO PROTEIN
SYNTHESIS
• Protein synthesis inhibitor - substance that stops or
slows the growth or proliferation of bacterial cells by
disrupting the processes of generation of new proteins by
targeting the bacterial ribosome.
• Act at the ribosome level
• Take advantage of the major differences between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosome.
• Work at different stages of mRNA translation like
initiation, elongation, and termination.
14. MOA OF AMINOGLYCOSIDES &
SPECTINOMYCIN
Penetrate bacterial cell wall through porin channels by
passive diffusion
Betalactams facilitate passive diffusion of
aminoglycosides-SYNERGISTIC ACTION
Bind to 30S ribosomal subunit
Improper formation of initiation complex
Misreading of mRNA
18. MOA OF TETRACYCLINES
Drug enter into cytoplasm by:
Energy dependent tetracycline active transport system –
Gram positive bacteria
Passive diffusion through porin channels – Gram
negative bacteria
Binds to 30Ssubunit of the ribosome
& inhibits the binding of aminoacyl tRNA to the A site.
