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1. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 1
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Introduction
One of the most important, but difficult aspects of
project management is the defining of the scope
of a project.
Scope refers to all the work involved in creating
the products of projects, and the processes used
to create them.
Project stakeholders must come into agreement
on what the products of a project are to be and, to
some extent, how they should be produced.

2. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 2
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Introduction
Project scope management includes the
processes involved in defining and controlling
what is, or is not in a project. The main processes
include:
1. Initiation
2. Scope Planning
3. Scope Definition
4. Scope Verification
5. Scope Change Control

3. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 3
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Project Initiation
Initiation involves committing the organisation to
begin a project, or continue to the next phase of a
project.
A key output of the initiation processes is the
project charter, a document that formally defines
the projects existence, and provides a broad
overview of the project.

4. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 4
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Project Initiation
The first step in initiating projects is to look at the
big picture or strategic plan of the organisation.
Strategic planning involves:
 Determining long-term objectives.
 Analysing strengths and weaknesses.
 Studying opportunities and threats.
 Predicting future trends and projecting the need
for new products and services.
SWOT analysis is a popular tool used in strategic
planning.

5. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 5
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Identifying Potential Projects
Information Technology
Planning Stages
Project Planning
Resource Allocation
Business Area Analysis
Information
Technology
Strategy Planning
Tie information technology strategy to
mission & vision of organisation.
Identify key business areas.
Document key business processes
that could benefit from information
technology.
Define potential projects. Define
project scope, benefits &
constraints.
Select information
technology projects. Assign
resources.

6. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 6
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Selecting Projects
The selection of projects is one of judgement and decision-
making, and is a critical part of project management. There are
many methods to assist the selection process, four common
techniques are:
1. Focusing on the broad organisational needs, especially in terms
of need, funding & will to succeed.
2. Categorising information technology projects on the basis of
problem response, opportunity, or directive.
3. Performing financial analysis, including NPV (net present value),
ROI, and payback analysis.
4. Using a weighted scoring model based upon selection criteria.
Organisations generally use a combination of these approaches,
each method having both strengths and weaknesses.

7. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 7
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Project Charter
A project charter is a document that formally recognises the
existence of a project, and provides direction on the projects
objectives and management. Key parts of a project charter
include:
 Project Title and date of authorisation.
 Project Manager’s name and contact details.
 Brief scope statement for project.
 Summary of planned approach to manage project
 Roles and responsibilities matrix.
 Sign-off for key project stakeholder signatures.
 Comments section to allow stakeholders to make
important comments related to the project.

8. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 8
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Scope Planning
This involves the development of documents to
provide the basis for future project decisions,
including the criteria for determining if a project
or phase has been successfully completed.
A major outcome is the creation of a scope
statement and a scope management plan.

9. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 9
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Scope Planning
A scope statement is the document that develops and
confirms the common understanding of project scope.
It should incorporate:
 The project justification.
 A brief description of the project’s products or
services.
 A summary of project deliverables.
 The scope management plan., which describes
the quantifiable criteria that must be met for
project success - cost, schedule, and quality.

10. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 10
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Scope Definition
This is the process of subdividing the major project
deliverables into smaller, more manageable
components.
The major outcome of scope definition is the
creation - by the project team - of the Work
Breakdown Structure (WBS).

11. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 11
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
WBS - Work Breakdown Structure
A WBS is an outcome-oriented analysis of the
work involved in a project that defines the total
scope for the project.
This provides the basis for planning and managing
project schedules, costs and changes. Therefore,
the WBS identifies what work will be undertaken
by a project.
A WBS is usually organised around project
products or project phases (examples in text -
Fig 4-6a & b)

12. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 12
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Scope Verification
This is the formal acceptance of project scope.
Key project stakeholders - project customers,
sponsors etc - formally accept the plan for project
deliverables.
The plan for project deliverables is the clear
documentation of the project’s products, and
procedures for evaluating if they were completed
correctly and satisfactorily.

13. CDU – School of Information Technology
HIT241
Scope Management - Slide 13
HIT241 - Project Scope Management
Scope Change Control
During the project life cycle, action must be taken
to control project scope. The main deliverables
are:
1. Scope changes
2. Corrective action
3. Lessons learnt.