From my presentation at the Sloan-C ALN conference in Orlando, november 2010.

1. Time-based Blended Learning (TBL) … or a time perspective on the blending of teaching Anders Norberg From Wikimedia Commons Einstein-Minkowski´s Space-Time

2. 1,1 million 8,2 million Umeå University, the biggest and most enrolled university (34 000 students) of sparsely populated North of Sweden Umeå University is nr 5 in age & size in Sweden (after Uppsala, Lund, Stockholm, Gothenburg universities) Flexible, decentralized and as distance education increases, campus attendance decreases.… Demographic youth dip expected 2012-2018

3. Umeå university learning centers

6. BLENDED LEARNING AS A NEW LEVEL OF SPACE-TIME CONTINUUM?

7. ” blended learning”

8. E-learning Distance learning Blended learning Synchronous learning Why do teachers mix up teaching with learning? … nobody else does

9. Is ”blended” a teacher thing?

10. ” The Alchemist”: Woodcut by Peter Bruegel the Elder, 1553 Do ambitious teachers have a blending dream ? What is the ingredient we miss for successful gold making? (or effective, interesting teaching)?

14. + = Oral transmission from classic sources Book printing Blended learning, 1.0?

15. Blended learning 1.0, what happened? Learning with technology hype? Education revolution? Students learn more? Teachers redefine their job? Teachers fear for their jobs? And in a longer perspective…? Spreading of ideas gets easier The Catholic Church gets competition Advancement of Science Mass media Democracy Knowledge society We seem to overestimate effect of new technology in the short perspective, but underestimate the effect in the long perspective? ” First we shape our tools, then our tools shape us.” (Marshall McLuhan)

17. space

19. Peter Tillberg, 1971, ”Blir du lönsam lille vän?” (”Will you become profitable, little friend?”)

22. time

24. Time as a cornerstone of the industrial age – objective, self-evident, nothing to doubt…? If You want something done, schedule it! The now is a product of the past and a start of the future Time as subjective and relative – all have their own time, dependent on movement, etc The now is all there is – but it contains a presence of the past and future What then is time ? If no one asks me, I know what it is. If I wish to explain it to him who asks, I do not know. St Augustine Teaching time? Learning time?

26. The shift between synchronous and asynchronous elements in a course is a key to the understanding and planning of blended learning

27. Graphic borrowed from Michael Power, Laval University

28. But aren´t a lot of the course activities here? … like studying…? Reading, thinking, doing assignments, etc?

31. Activities we do in a room? F2F? +Activities we do in e-meeting, video conf, chat sessions - OR… Introduction? Overview? Focusing time? Pacing, checking? Adding views? Checking progress? Deadlining? Discussion? Application? WHY? - Telling what´s in the books and what´s on the test???? Lecture, demo, lab, seminar etc Activities that can be done whenever and whereever Risk: procrastination, loneliness Book reading, thinking, doing assignments, worrying, etc WHY? Technology access Effectiveness Soul making Responsibility for own learning

32. Social learning cross-border dimension?

33. This is very trivial, isn´t it? In a course we meet regularly, and we study by ourselves in between meetings.

34. Meetings and non-meetings…so what when adding IT? 1) We support and organize this work better with IT (LMS etc) 2) More possibilities to do things asynchronously with IT

35. Meetings and non-meetings…so what when adding IT? 3) We move activities from here to here … and from here to here One-way lectures, demos, discussions, peer-to-peer work, etc?

36. Meetings and non-meetings…so what when adding IT? 4) We replace some room meetings with other synchronous forms of meetings … as video conferences, Second life meetings, webinars, chats, Skype meetings, etc

37. Meetings and non-meetings…so what when adding IT? 5) We connect easier activites here With activities here With deadline next time here Digested and discussed here … reported here

38. Meetings and non-meetings…so what when adding IT? … and then everything is as before, only with a myriad of additional possibilites for qualities, effectiveness, access

39. Synchronous + Co-location Possible Synchronous (Not Co-located) Communication Possible Asynchronous Work/ Communication Possible On/Off Line Any of the two possible Any of the two possible Any of the two possible All 3 forms possible Videoconference, chat, e-meeting, telepresence- meeting in time only Activities that need a special space AND time: meeting in a room Mutually Dependent? Mutually Dependent? Ordinary student study work, individually or in self-organized groups Virtual Learning Environments or similar Course Elements and Communication Environments

40. Time-based blended learning enables ”combined study groups” in a course

45. What are the synchronous and the asynchronous good and bad for in education? Perhaps there is a ”best of two worlds” scenario…? ?+++ ?- - - ?+++ ?- - -

46. Only example, make Your own

47. Thanks for listening! anders.norberg@adm,umu.se [email_address]