For class 5 (Maharashtra Board)

1. The Earth and its living World
Where do you get water from?

2. On the surface of the
earth, there is
some land and
water
Spheres of the Earth
 Lithosphere - Land
 Hydrosphere - Water
 Atmosphere - Air
constituents
 Biosphere - Living things.

3. Lithosphere
Earth's crust is hard rock and soil
Lanol - grassy;sand,crops,forests
1/3 part of lithosphere- Land

4. Continent
 Large or Vast continuous stretch of Land.
 Divided into seven continents Africa, Asia,
Europe, North America, South America
Australia, Antarctica

5. Land forms
Land is not even in all places
Give rise to different shapes
eg. Plain, Hill, Mountain

6. Hydrosphere
 2/3 part of earth
covered with water.
 Water part is divided
into : Ocean- salty
water, Surface water
and fresh water

7. Oceans
 Salty water - five oceans Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic,
South Ocean, Indian Ocean.
 Land along margins of ocean called coastal
region
 Water bodies of different shapes and sizes.- sea,
bay, strait, Gulf etc.

8. Rivers
 Fresh water reservoirs
 streams of water flowing over the land
 Streams are - Rills, Brook, Rivers
 Rills, brooks, streams - join to form rivers
 Rivers join to make bigger river tributaries
 Rivers cascade down a sudden drop - water fall
 Rivers flow to the ocean.

9. Lakes
Water collected in a low lying area of land - Lakes
eg. Manas sarowar

10. Ice form of water, Glacier
 water particles in the clouds freeze in cold
regions
 come down in the form of snow
 Layer of snow pile up on ground to form ice.
 In low - lying area ice pile become huge mass
slips down; a slope - glacier
 Blocks of ice floting in sea- Iceberg

11. Groundwater- (Well)
 water stored in underground layer
 well, bore wells, under ground springs
 Hydro Sphere :water on earth is surface,
Ground water, Water vapours

12. Atmosphere
 Air around Earth
 Higher from the surface air becomes rarer.
 Consists- mixture of gases, nitrogen, oxygen,
water vapour, carbon dioxide
 Layers of Atmosphere
 Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere
 Ionosphere, Exosphere

13. Troposphere
 13 km from earth's surface
 conditions changes continuously
 Go higher in troposphere air becomes cooler
 Weather related phenomena rain, fog, clouds, Winds, Storms.
 Aeroplanes fly in higher parts (mountaineers)

14. Stratosphere
 Beyond troposphere about 50 km
 Ozone gas layer
 Ozon layer absorbs ultra violet rays.

15. How does it rain

16.  Water evaporates due to
sun's heat
 Water vapour lighter than air,
 Goes higer,cools,condenses-
Fine drop lets of water
 Droplets forms clouds.
 Smaller droplets Bigger drop
can not float
 Fall down on the earth- Rain

17. Water Cycle
 Rain water flows into rills, streams, rivers and
finally into sea
 Evaporation of this water
 Condensation, rainfall continuously processes
are done

18. Biosphere
 Variety of living things in different regions.
 Snowbound polar-bear , Africa –Zebras,
Australia-Kangaroos, Hot climate- Elephants,
Lions.
 Living things exist in litho, hydro, atmo
 Living world- biosphere

19.  Plants, animals, microbes are dependent on one
another
 Biosphere is where living things take birth, live
and die

20. Three Layer of Earth
 Earth is surface
occupied by land 1/3
and water 2/3
 Litho - soil, rock
 Hydro - Salty, fresh
water reservoir
 Atom –Tropo, strato
 Bio - All living things