By Beatriz Cardenas. Presented at Day One of Transforming Transportation 2010. Washington, D.C. January 14, 2010. www.transformingtransportation2010.org.

2. Personal exposure assessment to air toxics in BRTs: Metrobus Insurgentes, Mexico City Seventh Annual Transforming Transportation Washington, D.C. January 13 th, 2010 Beatriz Cárdenas González Instituto Nacional de Ecología

5. INE Climate Change Program Ecosystems conservation Chemicals, Urban and Regional pollution National Center for Environmental Research and Training Environmental Policy and Economy Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment National Institute of Ecology (technical and scientific branch)

6. Trends of Air quality in Mexico City Metropolitan Area: Ozone and CO Source: http://www.sma.df.gob.mx/simat2/ Ozone Carbon monoxide (CO)

7. Trends of PM in Mexico City Metropolitan Area Source: Retama, 2009. http://www.sma.df.gob.mx/simat2/

8. Trends of the different PM fractions in MCMA Source: Retama, 2009. http://www.sma.df.gob.mx/simat2/

9. Trends of PM2.5 in Mexico City Metropolitan Area Source: Retama, 2009. http://www.sma.df.gob.mx/simat2/

10. Carbon monoxide trends in Mexico city: in public transportation (personal exposure) and ambient air Personal exposure concentration Ambient concentration Introduction of Catalytic converter Mexico City air monitoring network

11. Impact of interventions: effect on communter´s personal exposure to air toxics and air pollutants . © © Personal exposure to air toxics

12. Inventario Nacional de Emisiones de Gases de Efecto Invernadero 2006 . Contribución por sector (INE, 2009) 711 million of tons CO 2 eq./year Sources: INEGEI 2006. Instituto Nacional de Ecología 2009 Fixed and area sources Transportation waste Change of soil use and agriculture Industrial processes Fugitive emissions Energy Power plants 20.7% Construction and manufacturing 7.9% Other sectors (residential included) 4.4%

13. Shiohara, N., Fernández-Bremauntz, A., Blanco-Jiménez, S. and Yanagisawa, Y., 2005. The commuters’ exposure to volatile chemicals and carcinogenic risk in Mexico City . Atmospheric Environment 39, 3481–3489. Volatile organic compounds in public transportation in Mexico City

14. Marr, L. C., Grogan, L. A., Wöhrnschimmel, H., Molina, L. T., Molina, J. M., Smith, T. J., Garshick, E. (2004) Vehicle traffic as a source of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area . Environmental Science and Technology (38) pp. 2584-2592 PAHs in public transportation

15. Assessment of commuter´s personal exposure to air pollutants Metrobús Insurgentes, Mexico City (2004-2005) Zero Emissions Corridor Eje Central México City (2008-baseline) in progress BRT Ruiz Cortinez Corridor Monterrey, Nuevo León (2009-baseline) in progress

16. CO, PM 2.5 , PM 10 and benzene (before and after Metrobus 2004 2005 Metrobus Insurgentes

17. Detroit: Batterman et al., 2002 Sidney: Duffy and Nelson, 1997 Taichung: Kuo et al., 2000 Taipei: Chan et al., 1994 Boston: Chan et al., 1992 Raleigh: Chan, 1991 London: Bevan, 1991 Mexico: Shiohara et al., 2005 Gómez-Perales et al., 2004 INE/UAMI/GDF-SMA 2009 Tula: INE/UAMI 2008 Salamanca: INE/IEG/UAMI 2007 Monterrey: INE/CTS/APMARN/CETYV 2009 Benzene indoor levels reported in different cities PM2.5 personal Exposure reported in the world

18. Helsinki: Scotto di Marco et al., 2005 Hong Kong: Chan, 1999 Paris: Dor et al., 1995 Amsterdam: Van Wijnen et al., 1995 Athens: Vellopoulou et al., 1998 Duci et al., 2003 Guangzhou: Chan et al., 2002 Mexico: Gómez-Perales et al., 2002 London: Kaur et al., 2005 CO personal Exposure reported in the world

19. Detroit: Batterman et al., 2002 Sidney: Duffy and Nelson, 1997 Taichung: Kuo et al., 2000 Taipei: Chan et al., 1994 Boston: Chan et al., 1992 Raleigh: Chan, 1991 London: Bevan, 1991 Mexico: Shiohara et al., 2005 Gómez-Perales et al., 2002 Benzene personal Exposure reported in the world

20. Guangzhou: Chan et al., 2002 Mexico: Gómez-Perales et al., 2005 London: Adams et al., 2001 Adams et al., 2002 Kaur et al., 2005 Northampton: Gulliver and Briggs, 2004 Aberdeen: Dennekamp et al., 2002 Boston: Levy et al., 2002 Hong Kong: Chan, 2002 © CENICA PM2.5 personal Exposure reported in the world

21. Studies on personal Exposure reported inMexico Año Ruta Modo Referencia 1991 Indios Verdes – San Ángel ; Tacuba – Pantitlán, Pino Suarez – Xochimilco; La Villa – Auditorio; Marina Nacional – Pantitlán Auto particular, combi, microbús, autobús , metro, trolé, tren ligero Fernández-Bremauntz & Ashmore, 1995 2002 Indios Verdes – San Ángel ; Tacuba – Pantitlán, La Villa – Auditorio; Microbús, autobús , metro Gómez et al., 2004 2003 Indios Verdes – San Ángel ; La Villa – Auditorio; Microbús, autobús Gómez et al., 2007 2004 Indios Verdes – San Ángel Auto particular, Microbús, autobús Wöhrnschimmel et al., 2008

23. Insurgentes

28. Field measurements in June-July 2008 Field campaing for personal exposure assessment in Eje central

30. Bus stop Sampler at 1 m height (to simulate breathing zone) Field campaing for personal exposure assessment in Eje central

31. Carbon monoxide Eje Central Base line for Zero emissions corridor Autobús (1991): 38 ppm Microbús (1991): 55 ppm Microbus (2004) bus (2004) Metrobús (2005)

32. PM2.5 Eje Central Base line for Zero emissions corridor Micro-, Autobús (2004) Metrobús (2005)

33. PM composition*: elemental carbon vs. Organic carbon Eje Central Base line for Zero emissions corridor * Subsample

34. BTX Eje Central Base line for Zero emissions corridor

35. BTX Eje Central Base line for Zero emissions corridor Microbús (2004) Autobús (2004) Metrobús (2005)

36. Travel time Resultados – línea base Eje Central Base line for Zero emissions corridor

40. Gracias [email_address] www.ine.gob.mx