A presentation I provided as a technical session at the 2013 Iowa-Illinois Safety Conference in Coralville, IA on April 12, 2013. It explains the Universal Waste regulations, the types of Universal Waste in Iowa & Illinois, and the regulations governing their management.

1. IDENTIFICATION AND
MANAGEMENT OF
UNIVERSAL WASTE
The applicable regulatory requirements
of the US DOT, US EPA, Iowa DNR,
and Illinois EPA.

2. PRESENTED TO:
The 2013
Iowa-Illinois
Safety Council
Expo
Thanks for the
opportunity!

3. PRESENTED BY:
Daniels Training Services
815.821.1550
www.DanielsTraining.com
Info@DanielsTraining.com
A different kind of training.

4. It’s important to first understand which State and
Federal agencies have authority over these
regulations and how they impact compliance.
The regulatory agencies
@DanielsTraining 4ID & Management of Universal Waste

5. Universal Waste Regulations
Iowa:
US EPA Region VII
Illinois:
IEPA
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6. Transportation of Universal Waste
• USDOT/PHMSA
regulates the
transportation of
hazardous materials
(HazMat).
• Not all UW are
HazMat.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 6

7. In order to understand the universal waste
regulations, you must know the basis for and the
purpose of the hazardous waste regulations.
An introduction to the hazardous
waste regulations
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8. The Hazardous Waste Determination
• The generator of a
waste, any waste,
must determine what,
if any, hazards it
contains.
• This process must be
documented and
records retained.
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9. What is a USEPA Hazardous Waste?
D001
F-Codes
K-Codes
P & U Codes
D004-D043
D003
D002
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10. What is Cradle to Grave?
• If you generate a hazardous waste,
regulations are applicable throughout its
lifecycle.
FOREVER!!!
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11. @DanielsTraining 11ID & Management of Universal Waste

12. The universal waste regulations were created to
provide generators of hazardous waste with an
option for management of certain hazardous waste.
This section will address the purpose of universal
waste and its place within the RCRA regulations.
Later we will discuss specific universal waste
management requirements.
An introduction to the universal
waste regulations
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13. The Four (4) USEPA Universal Waste
1. Batteries
2. Lamps
3. Mercury-containing
devices
4. Recalled or
canceled pesticides
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14. Any more USEPA Universal Waste?
• US EPA may add to
this list.
• States may create their
own Universal Waste.
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15. Any More UW in Illinois or Iowa?
Illinois has not
expanded the USEPA
list of Universal Waste
Iowa follows USEPA
regulations
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16. Conditions for use of the
Universal Waste Option
1. Must be a waste.
• Used, spent, to be
discarded, no longer
acceptable for its
intended use, etc.
2. Must be a hazardous
waste.
3. Additional
considerations for
Pesticides.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 16

17. If you choose the universal waste option for the
management of your hazardous waste, you must
ensure you are in compliance with the applicable
State and Federal regulations
On-site management of universal
waste
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18. Universal Waste – Handler Status
Small Quantity Handler
• Generate or receive
for consolidation.
• Accumulate <5,000
kg of Universal
Waste.
Large Quantity Handler
• Generate or receive
for consolidation.
• Accumulate ≥5,000 kg
of Universal Waste.
Transporter
• Transport and store
at Transfer Facility for
≤10 days.
Destination Facility
• Recycle, treat, or
dispose.
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19. Notification to State or USEPA
Small Quantity Handler
• USEPA ID # not
required.
Large Quantity Handler
• USEPA ID # required.
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Use the 8700-12 Form

20. Employee Training
Small Quantity Handler
• Inform employees of
proper handling and
emergency
procedures.
Large Quantity Handler
• Ensure all employees
are “thoroughly
familiar” with proper
waste handling &
emergency
procedures.
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21. Tracking Off-Site Shipments
Small Quantity Handler
• Not required to track
off-site shipments.
Large Quantity Handler
• Must track off-site
shipments.
• Name & address of
destination.
• Quantity & type of
each UW.
• Date shipment left.
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Retain records for 3 years

22. Universal Waste Handler Prohibitions
• May not
dispose, treat, recycle,
or dilute Universal
Waste.
• Some on-site
management
allowed.
• Must manage to
prevent a release to
the environment.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 22

23. Requirements in the Event of a Spill
• Immediately contain all
releases of UW.
• Spilled UW may no
longer be subject to
management as
universal waste.
• May be a hazardous
waste.
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24. Universal Waste On-Site Accumulation
Time Limit
• One year of on-site
accumulation.
• “Longer if solely to
facilitate disposal.”
Translation: You may wait until you have enough
UW to justify a shipment
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 24

25. You Must Label Universal Waste
• “Universal Waste
“
• “Waste “
• “Used “
• Variations allowed for:
• HG-Thermostats
• Pesticides
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26. Off-Site Shipments of Universal
Waste
• Uniform Hazardous
Waste Manifest not
required.
• Must determine if it’s a
DOT HazMat.
• Must ship to another UW
Handler or Destination
Facility.
• If you self-transport
UW, must comply with
Transporter regulations.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 26

27. Though very similar, each type of universal waste
has its own regulations which may differ in how you
may manage the waste on-site.
Specific requirements for the
management of universal waste
@DanielsTraining 27ID & Management of Universal Waste

28. What is a Universal Waste Battery?
• Includes:
• NiCad, lead acid,
lithium, mercury,
silver, etc.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 28

29. What isn’t a Universal Waste Battery?
• Doesn’t include:
• Non-hazardous
(alkaline) batteries.
• Lead acid batteries
being reclaimed.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 29

30. Lead Acid Batteries for Reclamation
• Manage according to
the lead acid battery
exemption for
recyclable materials @
40 CFR 266.80.
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31. Management of Universal Waste
Batteries
• Containers needed
only if evidence of
leakage.
• Bag batteries or tape
terminals for shipment
to meet
USDOT/PHMSA
requirements.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 31

32. Why Tape Battery Terminals?
• If terminals contact
during shipment, the
heat from a residual
charge is enough to
cause vehicle fires.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 32
Batteries = HazMat

33. More Management Options for UW
Batteries (1.0)
• Handler (Large or Small) may conduct any of the
following (next slide), as long as:
• The casing of each battery cell is not breached,
remains intact, and closed, except…
• Cells may be opened to remove electrolyte but
shall be immediately closed after removal.
Next slide
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 33

34. More Management Options for UW
Batteries (2.0)
• Allowable on-site management (see previous
slide):
• Sort batteries by type.
• Mix battery types in one container.
• Discharge electric charge from batteries.
• Regenerate used batteries.
• Disassemble batteries or battery packs.
• Remove batteries from consumer products.
• Remove electrolyte from batteries.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 34

35. What is a Universal Waste Mercury
Containing Device?
• Device or part of a
device with elemental
mercury integral to its
function
• Includes:
• Thermometers, ther
mostats, switches, g
auges, more...
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 35

36. What isn’t a Universal Waste
Mercury Containing Device?
• Doesn’t include:
• Liquid metallic
mercury.
• Spill clean-up.
• Batteries.
• Lamps.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 36

37. Management of Universal Waste
Mercury-Containing Devices
• Containers needed
only if evidence of
leakage.
• Non-metallic container
with tight-fitting lid
recommended.
• Spill kit recommended.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 37
Hg Devices may be HazMat

38. Alternate Labeling for UW Thermostats
• “Universal Waste –
Mercury Thermostats”
• “Waste Mercury
Thermostats”
• “Used Mercury
Thermostats”
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 38

39. More Management of UW
Mercury-Containing Devices
• Handler may remove Hg-containing ampules, if:
• Remove in a manner designed to prevent breakage.
• Remove only over or in a containment device.
• Hg clean up system readily available.
• Transfer spilled Hg to approved container.
• Area is well ventilated and monitored.
• Employees “thoroughly familiar” with Hg handling and
spill response.
• Removed ampules stored in closed, non-leaking
containers in good condition with packing materials to
prevent breakage.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 39

40. What is a Universal Waste Lamp?
• Bulb or tube of electric
lighting device.
• Includes:
• Fluorescent, HID,
high pressure
sodium, neon,
mercury vapor, metal
halide, etc.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 40

41. What isn’t a Universal Waste Lamp?
• Doesn’t include:
• Incandescent.
• “Green Cap”
fluorescents.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 41
“Green Caps” still contain Mercury

42. Management of UW Lamps
• Container with lid
required.
• Incidental breakage
(~<5%) OK if
contained properly.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 42
Intact Lamps ≠ HazMat

43. The use of this option will vary by state. This
presentation will look at the requirements for use of
this option in Illinois and Iowa.
Crushing of universal waste
lamps
@DanielsTraining 43ID & Management of Universal Waste

44. Crushing of UW Lamps
Iowa
• Not allowed under UW
regulations.
• Deliberate crushing
must be managed as
a hazardous waste.
Illinois
• OK, with conditions.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 44

45. Illinois: Mercury Emissions
• Must be crushed in a
closed system
designed and operated
so that any emission of
mercury ≤0.1 mg/m3
TWA over 8 hours.
• Crushing area well-
ventilated and
monitored to comply
with OSHA exposure
levels for mercury.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 45

46. Illinois: Quarterly Notification
• Use form provided by IEPA, must include:
• Name & address of handler.
• Estimated amount of lamps crushed/month.
• Technology of crushing, including:
• Certification or testing data from manufacturer
that emission controls of IL regulations are
met.
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47. Illinois: Containers for Crushed Lamps
• Closed.
• Non-leaking.
• Suitable to prevent release during storage,
handling, and transportation.
• Good condition.
• Not acceptable:
• Severe rusting.
• Apparent structural defects or deterioration.
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48. Illinois: Spills or Leaks
• Immediately transfer spills or leaks to container
meeting requirements of 35 IAC 722.134 (IL
hazardous waste regulations).
• Must have equipment necessary for this transfer
available.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 48

49. Illinois: Employee Training
• Ensure employees
crushing lamps
“thoroughly familiar
with proper waste
mercury handling and
emergency
procedures, including
transfer of mercury
from containment
devices to appropriate
containers.”
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 49

50. Though a “Universal Waste”, it is of little use to
those outside of the pesticide manufacturing
industry. Asummary of the regulatory requirements
follows.
Recalled or canceled pesticides
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51. Definition of Pesticide
• “Pesticide” means any substance or mixture of
substances intended for preventing, destroying,
repelling, or mitigating any pest or intended for
use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant,
other than any article that:
• Is a new animal drug per FFDCA sec. 201(w).
• Is an animal drug determined by Sec. of Health
and Human Services to be a new animal drug.
• Is an animal feed per FFDCA sec. 201(x) and
subject to cancel or recall.
@DanielsTraining 51ID & Management of Universal Waste

52. Pesticides Subject to UW Regulations (1.0)
• Recalled pesticides:
• Stocks of a suspended and canceled pesticide
that is part of a voluntary or mandatory recall
per FIFRA sec. 19(b).
• Stocks of a suspended or canceled pesticide or
a pesticide not in compliance with FIFRA that is
part of a voluntary recall by the registrant.
@DanielsTraining 52
There must be a
decision to discard
ID & Management of Universal Waste

53. Pesticides Subject to UW Regulations (2.0)
• Stocks of other
unused pesticide
products collected and
managed as part of a
waste pesticide
collection program.
@DanielsTraining 53ID & Management of Universal Waste
There must be a
decision to discard

54. Pesticides not Subject to UW
Regulations
• Recalled and unused
pesticides managed
by farmers per 40
CFR 262.70.
• Those cans of bug
spray or unused
weed & feed you
have in storage.
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 54

55. Management of
Universal Waste Pesticides
• Contained in one of the following:
• Closed container in good condition, compatible,
no leakage, etc..
• May overpack if original container in poor
condition.
• Tank per 40 CFR 265, Subpart J (w/
exclusions).
• Transport vehicle or vessel if closed, good
condition, compatible, no leakage, etc.
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56. Labeling of UW Pesticides
Recalled Pesticide
• Original label.
And…
• “Universal Waste –
Pesticide(s)”
Or…
• “Waste-Pesticide(s)”
Unused Pesticide
• Original label, if legible.
• If no good, label per
DOT regulations.
• If still no good, other
label prescribed by
State.
And…
@DanielsTraining 56ID & Management of Universal Waste

57. I provide:
Annual RCRA
Training for
Hazardous
Waste
Personnel.
And
Triennial
HazMat
Employee
Training.
Public
Seminars, O
nsite, Webin
ars…
@DanielsTraining
Daniels Training Services
815.821.1550
Info@DanielsTraining.com
www.DanielsTraining.com
57ID & Management of Universal Waste
Got
Question?

58. For More Information
• IEPA Guidance for UW Lamps:
http://www.epa.state.il.us/land/fluorescent-lamps/
• IDNR Fluorescent Lamp Handling:
http://www.iowadnr.gov/Portals/idnr/uploads/waste/fluoresc
entlamphandling.pdf
http://www.iowadnr.gov/Portals/idnr/uploads/waste/sw%20b
ulbs.pdf
• 40 CFR 273:
http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-
idx?c=ecfr&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr273_main_02.tpl
ID & Management of Universal Waste @DanielsTraining 58