It narrates the major recommendations of Secondary Education Commission / Mudaliar Commission 1952-53

1. SECONDARY EDUCATION
COMMISSION /
MUDALIAR COMMISSION
1952-53

2. Introduction
• Appointed in 1952 by Govt. of India under the
chairmanship of Dr A Laxman Swami Mudaliar –
Former VC of Madras University
• The commission submitted its report in August 1953

3. Aims of the commission
• To examine the existing system of secondary education
in the country.
• To enquire into the problems of secondary education.
• To suggest measures to improve the secondary
education in the country.
• To organize the content of secondary education and
establish its relationship to primary and higher
education.

4. Report of the Commission
• The Commission prepared a questionnaire related to the
problems of education and send it to various educationists,
teachers and educational institutes. On the basis of their
answers, the commission prepared a report of 244 pages
divided into chapters and submitted it on 29th August 1953.

5. Defects of Secondary Education
• Secondary education is bookish, monotonous and
stereotyped
• Not suitable to all types of students
• Not related to life
• Do not develop the all round personality of students
• Defective teaching methods and more stress on exams
• No vocational education
• No self-expression on students’ side
• Compulsory English creates trouble for students
• No provisions for sports and physical training

6. Aims of Secondary Education
• Development of democratic citizenship
• Development of personality
• Improvement of vocational efficiency
• Education for leadership
• Development of true patriotism

7. New Organizational Pattern
• 7 years secondary education
• Age-group of students – 11 to 17 years
• Suggested to end intermediate college and merge std.11 with
secondary and 12 with Graduate course
• Degree course of three years. One year pre-university course
for high school students to enter in university
• Professional courses for those who pass in pre-university
• Multi-purpose schools to be established for various abilities of
students

8. • Technical education schools to be opened
• Industrial education cess should be levied on industries to
finance technical education
• New factories to be opened to provide practical training to
students
• Co-education system to be implemented.
• Provision of home science subject for girl students
• Girls schools to be opened if required

9. Curriculum
• Flexible curriculum as per the interest, need of the students
• Practical knowledge with theoretical knowledge
• Can train the students for work in future
• Productive work to be given importance
• Subjects: For junior high school - Languages, Social Study,
General Science, Mathematics, Art & Craft, Music, Physical
education; For Secondary – Hindi, Social Science, Math’s, any
craft subject as well as optional subjects like humanities,
science, commerce, technical subjects, agriculture, fine arts
and home science

10. Study of languages
• Hindi to be taken as the national language
• Hindi compulsory for govt. services
• English compulsory for secondary level
• Sanskrit is to be included as a third language and can be
optional

11. Medium of Instruction
• Mother tongue or regional languages
• National language Hindi

12. Physical Welfare of students
• School Medical Service in every state
• Provision of regular health check-up of each student
• Health reports to be kept as record with teachers and
parents
• Balanced and nutritional diet for residential schools
• Physical education teachers to be treated as subject
teachers
• Complete record of physical activities of students

13. Examination and Evaluation
• Number of external examinations to be reduced
• One public examination after the completion of syllabus
• Objective questions to be increased and subjective
questions to be reduced

14. Teacher’s Training
• Two years training for higher secondary teachers and
one year training for graduates
• Training for extra-curricular activities
• Provision for refresher course and practical training and
workshops
• Provision for providing stipend to trainee teachers
• Hostels in training colleges
• Having three years teaching experience should be
eligible for MEd

15. Duration of study and Other
• 30-40 students capacity in a class
• 200 days in a year to work and 35 periods per week
• 2 months of vacation in summer and 10-15 days
holidays in winter
• Co-operative stores to buy necessary things