3. Specific learning objectives
⢠To learn definition of primary health care.
⢠To enumerate elements and principles of
primary health care with suitable examples.
4. Introduction to primary health care
â Health by the people, placing peopleâs health in
peopleâs handâ
⢠Alma âAta (1978)
⢠New approach to health care system
⢠First proposed by Bhore Committee (1946)
5. Definition of primary health care
⢠âPrimary health care is an essential care made
universally accessible to individuals and
acceptable to them, through their full
participation and at cost that community and
country can affordâ
6. Elements of primary health care
1. Education concerning prevailing health
problems and method of preventing and
controlling them.
2. Promotion of food supply and proper
nutrition.
3. An adequate supply of safe water and basic
sanitation.
7. 4. Maternal and child health care including
family planning.
5. Immunization against major infectious
disease
6. Prevention and control of locally endemic
disease.
9. Principles of primary health care
1. Appropriate technology
2. Intersectoral coordination
3. Community participation
4. Equitable distribution
10. Appropriate technology
⢠â Technology that is scientifically sound,
adaptable to local needs and acceptable to
those who apply it and those for whom it is
used and it can be maintained by the people
themselves in keeping with principle of self
reliance with the resources the community and
country can affordâ
14. ⢠Animal husbandry, food, industry, education,
housing, public works, communication.
⢠Planning with other sector â avoid unnecessary
duplication of work
15. ⢠Example of intersectoral coordination :-
⢠Disaster management
17. Community participation
⢠Universal coverage by primary health care is
not possible without community participation.
⢠Involvement of individuals, family or
communities in promotion of their own health
and welfare.
18. ⢠How- Involvement of community- planning,
implementation and maintenance of health
services.
⢠Ex- village health guides, and trained dais
19. Equitable distribution
⢠Health services must be shared equally by all
the people
⢠Equity or equitable
distribution
of health services ????
20.
21. ⢠Why equitable distribution ??
⢠Primary health care services aims at shifting
center of gravity of the health
In some countries there are large hospital or costly equipment, procedures and techniques which are totally inappropriate to the local needs
Various sector- ation and others
School health services
Village health guides and trained dais are dselected by the community and traine dto provide primary health care by overcoming cultural, communication barriers, they provide phc in a way that is acceptable to the community.
Health services must be shared equally by all the people irrespective of their ability to pay and all must have access to health service
 Equality is treating everyone the same. Equality aims to promote fairness,Â
At present major health care services are located in major town and cities resulting in the inequality of care to the people of rural area.