3. Drugs & Cosmetics Act 1940 and rules 1945
• The Drugs and cosmetic Act, 1940 was passed in British India to
regulate the manufacture, distribution, and sale of drugs in the
colony.
• This Act also governed the import of the drugs in the country. A
related Drugs Rules were passed in 1945. Later on, after Indian
independence, the Act underwent various amendments from time to
time and is now known as the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940.
• It contains 168 rules from 1 to 168 and
25 Schedules from Schedule A to Schedule Y.
• The primary objective of this act is the drugs and cosmetics that are
sold in India should always be safe, effective and meet stringent
quality standards.
https://www.pharmaguideline.com/2010/10/drugs-cosmetics-act.html
4. Schedules in Pharmacy
Schedules Detail
Schedule A List of forms used for making applications for issuing licenses, granting licenses, sending memorandums
Schedule B Fees for test or analysis by the central drug laboratory or government analyst
Schedule C Biological and special products
Schedule C(1) Other special products ( the import, manufacture, and sale of schedule c and c(1) drugs governed by
special provisions)
Schedule D Cass of exempted drugs, which are exempted from a certain provision applicable to the import of drugs
Schedule E List of poisonous substances omitted (22-6-82)
Schedule E(1) List of ayurvedic, Siddha, and Unani poisonous substances
Schedule F Provisions applicable to blood bank requirements and licensing to process blood components
Schedule F(1) Provisions applicable to vaccines, antisera, and diagnostic antigens
Schedule F(2) Standards for surgical dressings
Schedule F(3) Standards for umbilical tapes
Schedule FF Standards for ophthalmic preparations
https://www.pharmaguideline.com/2010/10/drugs-cosmetics-act.html
5. Schedules Detail
Schedule H Prescription drugs that are required to be sold by retail only on the prescription of a
registered medical practitioner
Schedule I Calculation of the proportion of poisons in certain cases – ( omitted) (22-6-82)
Schedule J List of diseases and ailments which a drug may not claim to prevent or cure
Schedule K List of drugs exempted, from certain provisions applicable to the manufacture of drugs and
sale of drugs
Schedule L List of drugs to be sold on prescription only.(omitted) (22-6-82)
Schedule M Good manufacturing practices and requirements of factory premises, plant, equipment et.,
for the manufacture of drugs
Schedule M(1) Requirements of factory premises, plant, equipment, etc. for the manufacture of
homeopathic drugs
Schedule M(2) A requirement of factory premises, plant, equipment for the manufacture of cosmetics
Schedule M(3) Requirements of factory premises for the manufacture of medical devices
Schedule N List of minimum equipment for the efficient running of a pharmacy
Schedule O Standards for disinfectant fluids
Schedule P List of periods of drugs
Schedule P(1) Pack sizes of drugs
https://www.pharmaguideline.com/2010/10/drugs-cosmetics-act.html
6. Schedules Detail
Schedule Q List of coal tar, color permitted to be used in cosmetics and list of colors permitted to be used
in soaps
Schedule R Standard for condoms made up of rubber latex intended for single use
Schedule R(1) Standard for medical devices.– standard for cosmetics
Schedule S Standard for cosmetics
Schedule T Requirements for factory premises and hygienic conditions for the manufacture of ayurvedic
( including Siddha ) and Unani drugs
Schedule U Particulars to be shown in manufacturing and analytical records of drugs
Schedule U(1) Particulars to be shown in manufacturing records of cosmetics
Schedule V Standards for patent and proprietary medicines and for patent and proprietary medicines
containing vitamins
Schedule W List of drugs that shall be marketed under generic name only
Schedule X List of habit-forming, psychotropic, and other such drugs
Schedule Y Requirements and guidelines on clinical trials, for import and manufacture of new drugs
https://www.pharmaguideline.com/2010/10/drugs-cosmetics-act.html
8. Schedules Detail
Schedule H Prescription drugs that are required to be sold by retail only on the prescription of a
registered medical practitioner
Schedule J List of diseases and ailments which a drug may not claim to prevent or cure
Schedule W List of drugs that shall be marketed under generic name only
Schedule X List of habit-forming, psychotropic, and other such drugs
Schedule Y Requirements and guidelines on clinical trials, for import and manufacture of new drugs
https://www.pharmaguideline.com/2010/10/drugs-cosmetics-act.html
9. SCHEDULE H DRUGS
• This schedule contains a list of drugs that can be sold only against the prescription of a
registered medical practitioner. Another provision needs to be followed is that, only the
required amount of medications mentioned in the prescription can be dispensed. These
drugs can be supplied only to the licensed parties.
• The drug label must exhibit the text “Rx” and Schedule H drug warning: To be sold by
retails on the prescription of a Registered Medical Practitioner only.
• As per the notification on 16th March 2006 released by the Department of Health under
the Ministry of Health and family welfare there are 536 Schedule H drugs.
• The original list contained 510 drugs but this has been revised by the Drugs Technical
Advisory Board, and the present list includes about 551 drugs.
https://www.medindia.net/patientinfo/drugs-and-cosmetics-rules-schedule-h-schedule-h1-drugs.htm
17. Schedule H1 drugs
• Schedule H1 drugs introduced under the drugs and cosmetics ( 4th amendment) rules
2013, by MOHFW( ministry of health welfare and family welfare) on 30 august,2013
vide GSR( General Statutory Rules) 588(E) to regulate the sale of antibiotics.
• The schedule H1 drug includes 3rd & 4th generation antibiotics, anti-tuberculosis drugs
and certain habit-forming drugs like psychotropic drugs.
• To dispense these drugs two main criteria have to be followed strictly.
– The drug supplied under the schedule H1 specification should be recorded in a separate register
at the time of supply, mentioning the name and address of the prescriber, name of the patient,
and the name of the drug along with the quantity supplied. This register has to be maintained
confidentially up to three years and should be open for inspection.
– The schedule H1 drugs should be labeled with the symbol Rx in red, clearly displayed on the left
top corner of the drug label. The label should also bear the following words in a box with a red
border.
• "Schedule H1 Drug-Warning
-It is dangerous to take this preparation except in accordance with the medical advice.
-Not to be sold by retail without the prescription of a Registered Medical Practitioner."
https://www.medindia.net/patientinfo/drugs-and-cosmetics-rules-schedule-h-schedule-h1-drugs.htm
19. Schedule H1 drugs divided into 3 major parts
• ANTIBIOTICS: problem of resistance
• TB DRUGS(TUBERCULOSIS): missing one dose is
dangerous as well a double dose also can be lethal
• NRX DRUGS
– NRx drugs include sleeping pills like alprazolam, and other CNS drugs.
– if these drugs will provide without prescription they can be used for murders,
theft, rape, etc.
https://www.medindia.net/patientinfo/drugs-and-cosmetics-rules-schedule-h-schedule-h1-drugs.htm
20. Conditions
• The Supply of a drug specified in Schedule H1 shall be recorded in a
separate register at the time of the supply giving the name and
address of the prescriber, the name of the patient, the name of the
drug and the quantity supplied and such record shall be maintained
for three years and be open for inspection.
• If it contains a drug substance specified in Schedule H1, the drug
formulation shall be labelled with the symbol Rx which shall be in
Red and conspicuously displayed on the left top corner of the label
and shall also be labelled with the following word in a box with red
background as mentioned below in warning section.
https://www.medindia.net/patientinfo/drugs-and-cosmetics-rules-schedule-h-schedule-h1-drugs.htm
21. Difference between Schedule H and
Schedule H1
• There is not any major difference between schedule H and schedule
H1 drugs but antibiotics, anti-TB drugs and habit forming that were
fall under schedule H category was moved to a new sub category
that is known as Schedule H1.
• Schedule H and H1, both categories shall be sold under prescription
of a Registered Medical Practitioner only but norm regarding drug
fall under Schedule H1 are strict.
• A proper record of every sale, purchase, prescription copy, patient
detail, doctor details under which prescription drugs are sold out etc.
shall be maintained for at least three years for schedule H1 drugs
where there is no requirement for maintaining record for drug which
fall under schedule H drugs.
https://www.medindia.net/patientinfo/drugs-and-cosmetics-rules-schedule-h-schedule-h1-drugs.htm
22. Schedule H Schedule H1
• Under prescription of a RMP • Under prescription of a RMP
• Record of every sale need not to be maintained • Record of every sale must be maintained in a separate
register which includes-
• Name of Prescriber
• Name of Patient
• Name of drug
• Quantity of Drug
• Record must be maintained for 3 years
• Open for inspection
• The drug label must exhibit the text “Rx” • Should be labeled with the symbol Rx in red
• Label should also bear the following words in a box
with a red border.
Schedule H drug warning:
“To be sold by retails on the prescription of a
Registered Medical Practitioner only”
• Label should also bear the following words in a box
with a red border.
"Schedule H1 Drug-Warning
-It is dangerous to take this preparation except in
accordance with the medical advice.
-Not to be sold by retail without the prescription of
a Registered Medical Practitioner."
https://www.medindia.net/patientinfo/drugs-and-cosmetics-rules-schedule-h-schedule-h1-drugs.htm
23. Why there is need of Schedule H1
• In recent time, number of cases of antibiotic resistance
diseases are increasing. One of the main cause of
antibiotic resistance is easy availability and self
medication. There was urgent requirement of
implementation of any strict laws that Schedule H was not
available to implement.
https://pharmafranchisehelp.com/list-of-schedule-h1-drugs-medicines-molecules/
25. SCHEDULE X DRUGS
• Substances specified in schedule X should not be sold by retail and sold only in accordance
with the prescription of RMP.
• In the case of substances specified in schedule X, the prescription should be in duplicate, one
copy of which retained by the licensee and preserved at least for two years.
• Drugs from schedule X, supplied to registered medical practitioners, hospitals, dispensaries,
and nursing homes, shall be supplied only against signed written order and such order should
be preserved at least for two years.
https://www.pharmamad.com/schedule-x-drugs/
26. Schedule H Schedule H1 Schedule X
• Under prescription of a RMP • Under prescription of a RMP • Under prescription of a RMP
• Record of every sale need not
to be maintained
• Record of every sale must be maintained in a
separate register which includes-
• Name of Prescriber
• Name of Patient
• Name of drug
• Quantity of Drug
• Record must be maintained for 3 years
• Open for inspection
• Prescription should be in duplicate, one
copy of which retained by the licensee
and preserved at least for two years.
• STORAGE OF SCHEDULE X DRUGS
• Under lock and key in a cupboard or
drawer solely reserved for storage of
substances.
• In a part of the premises, separate
from the remainder of the premises
and which will have access to only by
responsible persons.
• RECORDS OF PURCHASE
• SUPPLY OF SCHEDULE X DRUGS
• The drug label must exhibit the
text “Rx”
• Should be labeled with the symbol Rx in red • Be labelled with the symbol XRx which
shall be in red conspicuously displayed
on the left top corner of the label
• Label should also bear the
following words in a box with a
red border.
Schedule H drug warning:
“To be sold by retails on the
prescription of a Registered
Medical Practitioner only”
• Label should also bear the following words in a box
with a red border.
"Schedule H1 Drug-Warning
-It is dangerous to take this preparation except in
accordance with the medical advice.
-Not to be sold by retail without the prescription
of a Registered Medical Practitioner."
• be also labelled with the following
word
• “Schedule X drug -Warning: To be sold
by retail on the prescription of a
Registered Medical Practitioner”
28. Definition of Telemedicine
World Health Organization defines telemedicine as
“The delivery of health-care services, where distance is a critical factor, by all health-care
professionals using information and communications technologies for the exchange of
valid
information for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease and injuries, research and
evaluation, and the continuing education of health-care workers, with the aim of advancing
the
health of individuals and communities.”
Definition of Registered Medical Practitioner (RMP)
For the purpose of this document a ‘Registered Medical Practitioner’ is defined as a person
who is
enrolled in the State Register or the National Register under the IMC Act 1956.
https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/Telemedicine.pdf
29. • A Registered Medical Practitioner is entitled to provide telemedicine
consultation to patients from any part of India
• RMPs using telemedicine shall uphold the same professional and ethical
norms and standards as applicable to traditional in-person care, within the
intrinsic limitations of telemedicine.
• The professional judgment of a Registered Medical Practitioner should be
the guiding principle for all telemedicine consultations: An RMP is well
positioned to decide whether a technology based consultation is sufficient
or an in-person review is needed. Practitioner shall exercise proper
discretion and not compromise on the quality of care.
• RMPs must make all efforts to gather sufficient medical information about
the patient’s condition before making any professional judgment.
https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/Telemedicine.pdf
30. TYPES OF CONSULTATION
First Consult
– The patient is consulting with the RMP for the first time; or
– The patient has consulted with the RMP earlier, but more than 6
months have lapsed since the previous consultation; or
– The patient has consulted with the RMP earlier, but for a different
health condition
Follow-Up Consult(s) means
– The patient is consulting with the same RMP within 6 months of
his/her previous in-person consultation and this is for
continuation of care of the same health condition.
However, it will not be considered a follow up if:
– There are new symptoms that are not in the spectrum of the
same health condition; and/or
– RMP does not recall the context of previous treatment and advice
https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/Telemedicine.pdf
31. PATIENT MANAGEMENT IN TELEMEDICINE
– If the condition can be appropriately managed via telemedicine,
based on the type of consultation, then the RMP may proceed
with a professional judgement to:
• Provide Health Education as appropriate in the case; and/or
• Provide Counseling related to specific clinical condition; and/or
• Prescribe Medicines
https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/Telemedicine.pdf
32. PRESCRIBING MEDICINES IN TELEMEDICINE
• Prescribing medications, via telemedicine consultation is at the
professional discretion of the RMP. It entails the same professional
accountability as in the traditional in-person consult. If a medical condition
requires a particular protocol to diagnose and prescribe as in a case of in-
person consult then same prevailing principle will be applicable to a
telemedicine consult.
• RMP may prescribe medicines via telemedicine ONLY when RMP is
satisfied that he/ she has gathered adequate and relevant information
about the patient’s medical condition and prescribed medicines are in the
best interest of the patient.
• Prescribing Medicines without an appropriate diagnosis/provisional
diagnosis will amount to a professional misconduct.
https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/Telemedicine.pdf
33. Specific Restrictions
• There are certain limitations on prescribing medicines on consult via telemedicine depending upon the type
of consultation and mode of consultation. The categories of medicines that can be prescribed via tele-
consultation will be as notified in consultation with the Central Government from time to time.
• The categories of medicines that can be prescribed are listed below:
• List O: It will comprise those medicines which are safe to be prescribed through any mode of tele-
consultation. In essence they would comprise of
– Medicines which are used for common conditions and are often available ‘over the counter’. For instance, these
medicines would include, paracetamol, ORS solutions, cough lozenges etc
– Medicines that may be deemed necessary during public health emergencies.
• List A: These medications are those which can be prescribed during the first consult which is a video
consultation and are being re-prescribed for re-fill, in case of follow-up.
– This would be an inclusion list, containing relatively safe medicines with low potential for abuse Is a list of medication
which RMP can prescribe in a patient who is undergoing follow-up consult, as a refill.
• List B: Is a list of medication which RMP can prescribe in a patient who is undergoing follow-up
consultation in addition to those which have been prescribed during in-person consult for the same medical
condition.
• Prohibited List: An RMP providing consultation via telemedicine cannot prescribe medicines in this list.
These medicine have a high potential of abuse and could harm the patient or the society at large if used
improperly
– Medicines listed in Schedule X of Drug and Cosmetic Act and Rules or any Narcotic and Psychotropic substance
listed in the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, Act, 1985.
https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/Telemedicine.pdf
34. List O
• Common over-the counter medications such as
• Antipyretics: Paracetamol
• Cough Supplements: Lozenges,
• Cough/ Common-cold medications (such as combinations of Acetylcysteine, Ammonium
Chloride, Guaifensen, Ambroxol, Bromhexene, Dextromethorphan)
• ORS Packets
• Syrup Zinc
• Supplements: Iron & Folic Acid tablets, Vitamin D, Calcium supplements
• Medications notified by Government of India in case from time to time on an Emergency basis
• Such as Chloroquine for Malaria control for a specific endemic region, when notified by
Government
https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/Telemedicine.pdf
35. List A
• First Consult Medications (Diagnosis done on video mode of consultation) such as
• Ointments/Lotion for skin ailments: Ointments Clotrimazole, Mupirocin, Calamine
Lotion, Benzyl Benzoate Lotion etc
• Local Ophthalmological drops such as: Ciprofloxacin for Conjunctivitis, etc
• Local Ear Drops such as: Clotrimazole ear drops, drops for ear wax etc.
• Follow-up consult for above medications
• Follow-up medications for chronic illnesses for ‘re-fill’ (on any mode of consultation) such as
medications for
• Hypertension: Enalapril, Atenolol etc
• Diabetes: Metformin, Glibenclamide etc
• Asthma: Salmetrol inhaler etc
List B
• On follow-up, medications prescribed as ‘Add-on’ to ongoing chronic medications to
optimize management such as for hypertension: Eg, add-on of Thiazide diuretic with
Atenolol
• Diabetes: Addition of Sitagliptin to Metformin
https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/Telemedicine.pdf
37. • If I am on a follow-up care for a Chronic condition (say Diabetes), for how long can I continue to
request for refill for my medications to my RMP?
• The Guidelines define follow-up consultation for a maximum period of 6 months. After this period, an in-
person consultation is mandatory.
• What are the prerequisites to be for doing a telemedicine consultation?
• The MCI is in process of developing an online telemedicine course for ensuring uniformity. Once the
course is developed, it will be mandatory for all RMPs to undertake this course within three years of its
notification. Thereafter, it will be compulsory for all RMPs who wish to tele-consult to have undergone
such a course.
• As on date, all RMPs can tele-consult, provided they follow the Telemedicine Practice Guidelines notified
under IMC Act, 1956.
https://covid.aiims.edu/frequently-asked-questions-faqs-on-telemedicine-practice-guidelines/
38. • In case I feel the patient requires a physical examination, how do I ensure that?
• The RMP has the right to pause his/her tele-consultation and recommend an in-patient consultation.
Besides, if during the teleconsultation it appears that a physical examination is mandatory but not
feasible on the mode being used for the consultation, the tele-consultation should be aborted and the
patient referred for an in-person review.
• The RMP may advise beyond his jurisdiction, for which he may not have specialization. How to
take care of this issue?
• Once a tele-consultation has been initiated on a mutual consent between a patient and a consulting
RMP, then the RMP can advise on the health issues to the best of his knowledge. All RMPs can
practice modern medicine and are also aware of the jurisdiction of their specialization.
https://covid.aiims.edu/frequently-asked-questions-faqs-on-telemedicine-practice-guidelines/
39. • Can schedule H class of Drugs be prescribed by tele-consultation? Which classes of
drugs have been enabled by the guidelines for tele-prescription?
• The drug prescription in Telemedicine guidelines is based on the clinical scenario, judgement
of the RMP and the mode of consultation, as specified in the framework. Hence, specific
nomenclatures such as Schedule H etc. classes of drugs have been avoided.
• The classification of list of drugs provided in the document is based on practical clinical
pathways.
• A prohibited list of drugs is also given and this is specified as to include Schedule X of Drug
and Cosmetic Act and Narcotic, Psychotropic substances. As such these lists of drugs
mentioned in guidelines can be amended from time to time based on directions of the MCI
and MoHFW.
https://covid.aiims.edu/frequently-asked-questions-faqs-on-telemedicine-practice-guidelines/
40. • Can I prescribe antibiotics on tele-consultation?
• Antibiotics can be prescribed by the RMP, if he/she is strongly convinced about the
same based on the type and mode of tele-consultation. As such, all tele-consultations
mandate a clear documentation of provisional diagnosis and reasons for prescription
of particular drug. This is as well applicable for antibiotics. As in all scenarios, the
RMP will be responsible for his/her prescriptions.
https://covid.aiims.edu/frequently-asked-questions-faqs-on-telemedicine-practice-guidelines/
41. • Can I prescribe injectable medications on tele-consultation?
• Prescriptions for injectable medicines can only be given if the consultation is
between an RMP with another RMP. In certain circumstances, it may be prescribed to
a Health Worker for administration to a given patient. In such a scenario, the RMP
must be confident of the setting of the facility and the technical expertise of the
Health Worker.
• The exceptions to these would be prescribing some follow-up medications which are
available only as injections such as Insulin, Low Molecular Weight Heparin,
Vaccines etc.
https://covid.aiims.edu/frequently-asked-questions-faqs-on-telemedicine-practice-guidelines/