Causes of Infertility in Men-Testicular Disorders and those related to epididymis, seminal vesicles, and prostate

2. TesticularHormonal
5 Main
Factors For
Men
INFERTILITY
Epididymis,
Seminal
Vesicle and
Prostate
Coital
Disorders
Abnormal
Sperm

3. 1. Delayed puberty.
2. LH, and FSH deficiency.
 Congenital hypo-gonadotrophic hypogonadism
(pituitary gland hormones)
 Kallman’s syndrome which is associated with
abnormal sense of smelling.
 Destruction of pituitary and hypothalamic glands due
to
 Trauma
 Irradiation
 Tumors
 Medications
 Surgery.
3. Hyperprolactinemia due to pituitary adenoma or a side
effect(s) of some medications.
Causes Related To Glands Controlling Testicular Function

4. Hormone/
Diseases
Testosterone LH FSH Remarks
Primary
Testicular
Failure
Low High High Oligospermia
/Azospermia
LH Receptor
Deficiency
Normal
(ineffective)
Normal
(ineffective)
Normal
(ineffective)
Germinal cell
failure
Normal Normal Normal Retrograde
Ejaculation/
Obstruction
Other
Endocrine
Deficiency
Low Low Low Low-Growth
Hormone,
TSH,Corticotr
opin

6.  Congenital causes:
 Vas aplasia,
 malformation of caudal corpus epididymis,
 Obstruction of seminal vesicles.
 Infectious epididymal obstruction:
 Some of the Microorganisms that may also cause infections are
staph, gonorrhea tuberculosis, trachoma, anaerobes and
Chlamydia.
 Vasectomy: A procedure done for male contraception in this procedure a
cut in seminal ducts is done which will cause male infertility.
Disorders Related To Epididymis, Seminal Vesicles And Prostate:

7. Coital Defects
 Inappropriate time
 Erectile dysfunction
 Using ointments or creams
 Hypospadias
 Congenital Penile Defects.
 Retrograde ejaculation
Congenital causes
 Stenosis of the external urethra.
 Stenosis of the external valve due to hypertonic muscles
 Congenital anomaly of the internal valve.
 Congenital stenosis of bladder neck.
Acquired cause
 Neurological injury due to spinal cord injury.
 Pelvic fracture.
 Pelvic surgery.
 Diabetes.
 Prostate surgery.
 Bladder surgery.
 Urethral dilatation.

8. ABNORMALSEMEN
Immotile cilia syndrome
Necrospermia
Periaxonemal abnormalities
Increase viscosity
Enzymes Deficiency
Pus In Semen
Zinc deficiency
Decreased A.T.P
Membrane malformation
Disorders in calcium metabolism
Abnormal Prostaglandins.
bicarbonate deficiency