It contains the assessment of Vital signs

1. Assessing Vital Signs Dr. Lorena C. Balacanao

3. Body Temperature

17. Oral thermometer (Glass)

18. Digital Thermometer

19. Taking axillary Temperature

20. Digital thermometer is commonly used in infants and children, insert it at the axillary region

21. closed the arm and wait for timer to bustle

22. Remember when taking BT in infants and children make sure that the patient is not in distress mood because any change in the activity will directly affect the BT reading.

23. Taking Oral temperature

24. The Oral Cavity

25. Parts: Oral Vestibule and Oral Cavity Proper

26. Floor of the mouth

27. Insert the tip at the sublingual fossa

28. Positioned the thermometer

29. Let stay for 1 to 2 minutes, tell the patient to close the mouth

31. Pulse Rate

36. Carotid pulse

39. Radial and Brachial pulse

41. Posterior tibial & Dorsalis pedis Pulse

42. Pulse site Reasons for Use Radial Readily accessible & routinely used Temporal Used when radial pulse is not accessible Carotid Used for infants, in cases of cardiac arrest and to determine the circulation to the brain Apical Routinely used in infants and children up to 3 years of age, Used to determine the discrepancies with radial pulse, and Used in conjunction with some medication Brachial Used to measure blood pressure, used for cardiac arrest for infants Femoral Used in cases of cardiac arrest, for infants and children, determine circulation in the leg Popliteal Used to determine the circulation in the lower leg and leg blood pressure Posterior tibial Used to determine the circulation in the foot Pedal Used to determine circulation in the foot

46. Kozier Barbara, et.al. Fundamentals of Nursing , 5 th ed. (US Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. 1995) p. 438 Age Average Range Newborn to 1 month 130 80-180 1 year 120 80-140 2 years 110 80- 130 6 years 100 75- 120 10 years 70 50-90 Adult 80 60- 100 Pulse rate/ Minute Variations in Pulse Rate

51. Respiration

59. Kozier Barbara, et.al. Fundamentals of Nursing , 5 th ed. (US Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. 1995) p. 448 Age Average Range Newborn 35 30-80 1 year 30 20-40 2 years 25 20-30 8 years 20 15-25 16 years 18 15-20 Adult 16 12-20 Respiratory rate/ Minute Variations in Respiratory rate

63. BLOOD PRESSURE

67. Aneroid manometer with stethoscope

68. Part of the sphygmomanometer

73. Mercury manometer and cuff Aneroid manometer and cuff

77. Variations in BP by Age Kozier Barbara, et.al. Fundamentals of Nursing , 5 th ed. (US Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. 1995) p. 452 Age Mean BP (mm Hg) Newborn 73/55 1 year 90/55 6 years 95/57 10 years 102/62 14 years 120/80 Adult 120/80 Elderly (over 70 years) Diastolic pressure may increase

78. The End